聚甲基蓝修饰电极的制备及对多巴胺的测定

研究了聚甲基蓝修饰电极的制备及其多巴胺在聚甲基蓝修饰电极上的循环伏安特性,建立了循环伏安法测定多巴胺的新方法。在pH7.0磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,峰电流与多巴胺浓度在8.0×10-7～5.0×10-4mol L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为5.0×10-8mol L。已用于药剂中多巴胺的测定。     

聚L-谷氨酸修饰电极的制备及对多巴胺的测定

用循环伏安法制备了聚L-谷氨酸修饰玻碳电极,研究了多巴胺在聚L-谷氨酸修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了测定多巴胺的新方法。在pH 7.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,用循环伏安法测定多巴胺的线性范围为1.0×10-4~4.0×10-8mol.L-1,检出限为5.0×10-9mol.L-1。该法用于药剂中多巴胺的测定,结果满意。     

聚L-白氨酸修饰电极伏安法测定痕量多巴胺的研究

用循环伏安法制备了聚L-白氨酸修饰玻碳电极,研究了多巴胺在聚L-白氨酸修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为,建立了循环伏安法测定痕量多巴胺的新方法。实验结果表明,在pH 6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,多巴胺在聚L-白氨酸修饰玻碳电极上产生一对灵敏的氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为Epa=0.281V,Epc=0.170 V(相对Ag/AgCl电极)。峰电流与多巴胺的浓度在5.0×10-8~5.0×10-4mol/L的范围内有线性关系,检出限为5.0×10-9mol/L。对1.0×10-5mol/L多巴胺溶液平行测定9次,其相对标准偏差为4.0%。已用于针剂中多巴胺的测定。     

多巴胺在聚2,4,6-三甲基吡啶修饰电极上的电化学行为

用循环伏安法制备了聚 2 ,4 ,6 三甲基吡啶修饰玻碳电极 ,研究了神经递质多巴胺在该聚合物薄膜修饰电极上的电化学行为。实验结果表明 :在pH 7.4磷酸盐缓冲溶液中 ,多巴胺在该修饰电极上的线性范围为4 .0× 10 -6～ 1.0× 10 -5mol/L。该修饰电极对抗坏血酸无响应 ,从而可有效消除其对多巴胺测定的干扰     

聚对硝基苯偶氮间苯二酚修饰电极伏安法测定多巴胺

采用循环伏安法研究了多巴胺(DA)在聚对硝基苯偶氮间苯二酚(p-nitrobenzenazo resorcinol,简称NBAR)膜修饰电极上的电化学行为,用差示脉冲伏安法对多巴胺的含量进行测定.结果表明,聚NBAR膜修饰电极对DA有明显的电催化作用.在pH4.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中,氧化峰电流与DA浓度在5.0×10-6~8.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为6.0×10-7mol/L.修饰电极可有效消除针剂中其它组分对DA测定的干扰,已用于实际样品DA含量的测定,结果令人满意.     

尿酸在生物分子修饰电极上的伏安测定

采用循环伏安法制备了聚L-苯丙氨酸薄膜修饰玻碳电极,研究了尿酸在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了循环伏安法测定尿酸的新方法。研究发现：在pH 5.6的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,尿酸在聚L-苯丙氨酸修饰电极上于0.43V处产生一灵敏的氧化峰,应用循环伏安法测定其氧化峰电流与尿酸的浓度在2.0×10-6～3.0×10-4 mol/L呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1×10-6 mol/L。对1.0×10-5 mol/L尿酸平行测定5次,相对标准偏差为3.0％。该生物分子电极制作简单,重现性好,可用于尿液中尿酸的测定,结果令人满意     

多巴胺在聚硫堇和Nafion双层修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为

用电化学聚合法在玻碳电极上制备聚硫堇,然后涂渍一层Nafion膜,采用循环伏安法研究其制备和电化学性质。该电极峰电流与多巴胺(DA)在2.00×10-7~1.43×10-3mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为6.67×10-8mol/L,相关系数为0.995。该修饰电极有效排除了抗坏血酸(AA)的干扰。并且具有良好的灵敏度、重现性、稳定性,可用于实际样品中DA的测定。     

抗坏血酸在β-环糊精/二茂铁甲酸修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

利用主客体化学反应将二茂铁甲酸包络在β-环糊精聚合物的空穴中,用新鲜蛋清作交联剂制成β-环糊精聚合物/二茂铁甲酸化学修饰玻碳电极,用电化学阻抗法和循环伏安法研究了修饰电极的电化学性能。在pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,该修饰电极对抗坏血酸的电化学氧化有很好的催化活性,氧化峰电流与其浓度在6.2×10-6~5.0×10-3mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为ip=0.4375+0.0301C(ip:μA,C:μmol/L),相关系数r=0.9982,检出限为1.0×10-6mol/L。抗坏血酸和多巴胺在修饰电极上于不同的电位(ΔE=490 mV)被氧化,可用于多巴胺存在下选择性测定抗坏血酸。     

聚L-酪氨酸修饰电极的制备及对多巴胺的测定

用循环伏安法制备了聚L 酪氨酸修饰玻碳电极,研究了多巴胺在聚L 酪氨酸修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了循环伏安法测定痕量多巴胺的新方法。多巴胺在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,在聚L 酪氨酸修饰玻碳电极上产生一对灵敏的氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为Epa=189mV,Epc=131mV。循环伏安法测定多巴胺的线性范围为1.0×10-3～1.0×10-8mol/L,检出限:1.0×10-9mol/L。方法可用于药剂中多巴胺的测定。     

聚色氨酸膜电极相敏交流伏安法测定肾上腺素

研究了聚色氨酸膜电极的制备及其肾上腺素在该修饰电极上的相敏交流伏安特性,建立了相敏交流伏安法测定肾上腺素的电化学分析法。在pH 6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,肾上腺素的相敏交流伏安氧化峰电位在298 mV,线性响应范围为1.05×10-6~3.98×10-5mol/L,检出限为8.40×10-7mol/L。用于药剂中肾上腺素的测定,相对标准偏差小于3.84%,加标回收率为99%~104%,多巴胺、抗坏血酸和尿酸不干扰。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。     

Stages of thermal decomposition of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur

Thermal behaviour of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur: Na₂SO₄, Na₂S₂O₇, Na₂S₂O₆, Na₂SO₃, Na₂S₂O₅, Na₂S₂O₄, Na₂S₂O₃, Na₂S₃O₆ and of sulphides Na₂S and Na₂S₂ was studied on heating up to 1000°C. The experiments were performed with anhydrous compounds obtained from commercial products by recrystallisation and dehydration. The stage mechanisms of decomposition of anionic sub-lattices of the salts have been proposed basing on the Górski’s morphological classification of simple species. The thermal stability and the stage decomposition mechanisms were correlated with the structure and the potential chemical properties of the salt anions. The thermal decomposition processes were studied by means of thermal analysis, and the decomposition products were identified by means of X-ray phase analysis.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.