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1.
Stapleton HM Keller JM Schantz MM Kucklick JR Leigh SD Wise SA 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2007,387(7):2365-2379
Standard reference materials (SRMs) are valuable tools in developing and validating analytical methods to improve quality
assurance standards. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a long history of providing environmental
SRMs with certified concentrations of organic and inorganic contaminants. Here we report on new certified and reference concentrations
for 27 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners in seven different SRMs: cod-liver oil, whale blubber, fish tissue (two
materials), mussel tissue and sediment (two materials). PBDEs were measured in these SRMs, with the lowest concentrations
measured in mussel tissue (SRM 1974b) and the highest in sediment collected from the New York/New Jersey Waterway (SRM 1944).
Comparing the relative PBDE congener concentrations within the samples, we found the biota SRMs contained primarily tetrabrominated
and pentabrominated diphenyl ethers, whereas the sediment SRMs contained primarily decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 209). The
cod-liver oil (SRM 1588b) and whale blubber (SRM 1945) materials were also found to contain measurable concentrations of two
methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-BDEs). Certified and reference concentrations are reported for 12 PBDE congeners measured in the biota
SRMs and reference values are available for two MeO-BDEs. Results from a sediment interlaboratory comparison PBDE exercise
are available for the two sediment SRMs (1941b and 1944). 相似文献
2.
Preparation and analysis of a marine sediment reference material for the determination of trace organic constituents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michele M. Schantz Bruce A. Benner Stephen N. Chesler Barbara J. Koster Karen E. Hehn Susan F. Stone W. Robert Kelly Rolf Zeisler Stephen A. Wise 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1990,338(4):501-514
Summary A new marine sediment Standard Reference Material (SRM) has been prepared and analyzed for the determination of trace organic constituents. SRM 1941, Organics in Marine Sediment, has been certified for concentrations of 11 PAHs using results obtained from gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Non-certified values for 24 additional PAHs are also reported. GC with electron capture detection was used to provide non-certified concentrations for 15 PCB congeners and 7 chlorinated pesticides. In addition to the organic contaminants, concentrations of 32 major and trace elements were determined using neutron activation analysis, and the sulfur content was also determined using isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry. 相似文献
3.
Poster DL Schantz MM Kucklick JR Lopez de Alda MJ Porter BJ Pugh R Wise SA 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,378(5):1213-1231
Three new mussel tissue standard reference materials (SRMs) have been developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for the determination of the concentrations of organic contaminants. The most recently prepared material, SRM 1974b, is a fresh frozen tissue homogenate prepared from mussels (Mytilus edulis) collected in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts. The other two materials, SRMs 2977 and 2978, are freeze-dried tissue homogenates prepared from mussels collected in Guanabara Bay, Brazil and Raritan Bay, New Jersey, respectively. All three new mussel tissue SRMs complement the current suite of marine natural-matrix SRMs available from NIST that are characterized for a wide range of contaminants (organic and inorganic). SRM 1974b has been developed to replace its predecessor SRM 1974a, Organics in Mussel Tissue, for which the supply is depleted. Similarly, SRMs 2977 and 2978 were developed to replace a previously available (supply depleted) freeze-dried version of SRM 1974a, SRM 2974, Organics in Freeze-Dried Mussel Tissue. SRM 1974b is the third in a series of fresh frozen mussel tissue homogenate SRMs prepared from mussels collected in Boston Harbor starting in 1988. SRM 1974b has certified concentration values for 22 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 31 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs), and 7 chlorinated pesticides. Reference values are provided for additional constituents: 16 PAHs, 8 PCBs plus total PCBs, 6 pesticides, total extractable organics, methylmercury, and 11 trace elements. PAH concentrations range from about 2 ng g–1 dry mass (cyclopenta[cd]pyrene) to 180 ng g–1 dry mass (pyrene). PCB concentrations range from about 2 ng g–1 dry mass (PCB 157) to 120 ng g–1 dry mass (PCB 153). The reference value for total PCBs in SRM 1974b is (2020 ± 420) ng g–1 dry mass. Pesticide concentrations range from about 4 ng g–1 dry mass (4,4-DDT) to 40 ng g–1 dry mass (4,4-DDE). SRM 2977 has certified values for 14 PAHs, 25 PCB congeners, 7 pesticides, 6 trace elements, and methylmercury. Reference values for 16 additional PAHs and 9 inorganic constituents are provided, and information values are given for 23 additional trace elements. SRM 2978 has certified and reference concentrations for 41 and 22 organic compounds, respectively, and contains contaminant levels similar to those of SRM 1974b. Organic contaminant levels in SRM 2977 (mussels from Guanabara Bay, Brazil) are typically a factor of 2 to 4 lower than those in SRM 1974b and SRM 2978. The organic contaminant concentrations in each new mussel tissue SRM are presented and compared in this paper. In addition, a chronological review of contaminant concentrations associated with mussels collected in Boston Harbor is discussed as well as a stability assessment of SRM 1974a.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at . A link in the frame on the left on that page takes you directly to the supplementary material. 相似文献
4.
Wise SA Poster DL Kucklick JR Keller JM Vanderpol SS Sander LC Schantz MM 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2006,386(4):1153-1190
For the past 25 years the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed certified reference materials
(CRMs), known as standard reference materials (SRMs), for determination of organic contaminants in environmental matrices.
Assignment of certified concentrations has usually been based on combining results from two or more independent analytical
methods. The first-generation environmental-matrix SRMs were issued with certified concentrations for a limited number (5
to 10) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Improvements in the analytical certification
approach significantly expanded the number and classes of contaminants determined. Environmental-matrix SRMs currently available
include air and diesel particulate matter, coal tar, marine and river sediment, mussel tissue, fish oil and tissue, and human
serum, with concentrations typically assigned for 50 to 90 organic contaminants, for example PAHs, nitro-substituted PAHs,
PCBs, chlorinated pesticides, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
5.
Certification of standard reference material (SRM) 1941a, organics in marine sediment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Michele M. Schantz Bruce A. Benner Jr. Melinda J. Hays W. Robert Kelly Robert D. Vocke Jr. Rabia Demiralp Robert R. Greenberg Susannah B. Schiller Gunnar G. Lauenstein Stephen A. Wise 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1995,352(1-2):166-173
SRM 1941a, Organics in Marine Sediment, has been recently issued with certified concentrations for 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 21 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, 6 chlorinated pesticides, and sulfur. Noncertified concentrations have been also reported for additional PAHs, PCB congeners, and chlorinated pesticides and for percent total organic carbon (TOC), aliphatic hydrocarbons, and trace elements. SRM 1941a is the most extensively characterized natural matrix SRM issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). 相似文献
6.
Concha-Graña E Fernández-González V Turnes-Carou MI Muniategui-Lorenzo S López-Mahía P Prada-Rodríguez D 《Journal of chromatographic science》2007,45(7):369-374
In order to propose a versatile method to use in laboratories devoted to environmental analysis, a scheme for the determination of organochlorine pesticides from different solid matrices is evaluated. Pressurized liquid extraction is chosen as the sample preparation technique, followed by the purification of the extract by means of solid-phase extraction with Envi-carb cartridge (100 m(2)/g). Finally, the extracts are analyzed by programmed temperature vaporization (PTV)-gas chromatography (GC)-electron-capture detection and PTV-GC-mass spectrometry. The suitability of the method for the analysis of different matrices is determined by the extraction and analysis of four certified reference materials of solid matrices: CRM 804-050 (soil), SRM 1941b (organics in marine sediment), SRM 1944 (New York/New Jersey waterway sediment) and SRM 1649a (Urban Dust). Good statistical concordance between the results obtained and the certified or reference concentration are observed for most of the analyzed pesticides. 相似文献
7.
The concentrations of three non-ortho ("coplanar") polychlorinated biphenyls, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB 77), 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB 126), and 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB 169), were determined in five NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) of environmental and biological interest. The measured levels were approximately between (0.2 to 1.3) ng/g in SRM 1588a (Organics in Cod Liver Oil), (0.3 to 9) ng/g in SRM 1944 (New York/New Jersey Waterway Sediment), (0.2 to 0.4) ng/g in SRM 1945 (Organics in Whale Blubber), (1 to 18) ng/g in SRM 2974 (Organics in Freeze-dried Mussel Tissue [Mytilus edulis]), and (0.1 to 0.4) ng/g in candidate SRM 1946 (Lake Superior Fish Tissue). PCB 169 was present at < 0.1 ng/g in SRMs 1944 and 2974. 相似文献
8.
W. W. Brubaker Jr. M. M. Schantz S. A. Wise 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2000,367(5):401-406
The concentrations of three non-ortho (“coplanar”) polychlorinated biphenyls, 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB 77), 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB 126), and 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB 169), were determined in five NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) of environmental and biological interest. The measured levels were approximately between (0.2 to 1.3) ng/g in SRM 1588?a (Organics in Cod Liver Oil), (0.3 to 9) ng/g in SRM 1944 (New York/New Jersey Waterway Sediment), (0.2 to 0.4) ng/g in SRM 1945 (Organics in Whale Blubber), ¶(1 to 18) ng/g in SRM 2974 (Organics in Freeze-dried Mussel Tissue [Mytilus edulis]), and (0.1 to 0.4) ng/g ¶in candidate SRM 1946 (Lake Superior Fish Tissue). PCB 169 was present at < 0.1 ng/g in SRMs 1944 and 2974. 相似文献
9.
Comparison of methods for the gas-chromatographic determination of PCB congeners and chlorinated pesticides in marine reference materials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michele M. Schantz Reenie M. Parris Joachim Kurz Karlheinz Ballschmiter Stephen A. Wise 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1993,346(6-9):766-778
Summary Three gas-chromatographic (GC) columns with different selectivity (DB-5, DB-1701, and C-18) and two different GC detectors (electron-capture and mass-spectrometric) were used to analyze three Standard Reference Materials (SRMs), which are available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and two Certified Reference Materials (CRMs), which are available from the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR), for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and chlorinated pesticides. The materials analyzed were: SRM 1588, Organics in Cod Liver Oil; SRM 1941, Organics in Marine Sediment; SRM 1974, Organics in Mussel Tissue (Mytilus edulis); CRM 349, Chlorobiphenyls in Cod Liver Oil; and CRM 350, Chlorobiphenyls in Mackerel Oil. Results from these different methods are compared, and concentrations for additional PCB congeners and chlorinated pesticides in these reference materials, which have not been measured previously, are reported.Dedicated to Professor Dr. Wilhelm Fresenius on the occasion of his 80th birthday 相似文献
10.
Poster DL Kucklick JR Schantz MM Porter BJ Leigh SD Wise SA 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2003,375(2):223-241
The concentrations of a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides in a fish tissue Standard Reference Material (SRM) have been determined using multiple methods of analysis. This material, SRM 1946, Lake Superior Fish Tissue, was recently issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and complements a suite of marine environmental natural-matrix SRMs that are currently available from NIST for the determination of organic contaminants such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PCBs, and chlorinated pesticides. SRM 1946 is a fresh tissue homogenate (frozen) prepared from filleted adult lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush namaycush) collected from the Apostle Islands region of Lake Superior. SRM 1946 has certified and reference concentrations for PCB congeners, including the three non- ortho PCB congeners, and chlorinated pesticides. Certified concentrations are available for 30 PCB congeners and 15 chlorinated pesticides. Reference concentrations are available for 12 PCB congeners and 2 chlorinated pesticides. In addition, SRM 1946 is characterized for additional chemical constituents and properties: fatty acids, extractable fat, methylmercury, total mercury, selected trace elements, proximates, and caloric content. The characterization of chlorinated compounds is described in this paper with an emphasis on the approach used for the certification of the concentrations of PCB congeners and chlorinated pesticides. The PCB congener and chlorinated pesticide data are also compared to concentrations in other marine natural-matrix reference materials available from NIST (fish oil, mussel tissue, whale blubber, and a second fresh frozen fish tissue homogenate prepared from filleted adult lake trout collected from Lake Michigan) and from other organizations such as the National Research Council Canada (ground whole carp), the International Atomic Energy Agency (fish homogenate), and the European Commission Joint Research Centre [fish oils (cod and mackerel) and mussel tissue]. 相似文献