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1.
不同稀土改性SO42-/ZrO2催化剂的结构与性能表征   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Solid superacid catalyst SO42-/ZrO2 was modified by different rare earth compounds and applied to the esterification of acetic acid and n-butanol. The effects of rare earth elements loading on the catalytic properties were studied and the correlation between the structure and properties was investigated by means of XRD, IR, UV, DTA and TG. The results show that the (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 modification can enhance catalytic activity more and exhibit better stability than the other two compounds La(NO3)3 and Ce(NO3)3. Meanwhile,(NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 modification can restrain the loss of SO42- efficiently. The optimum calcination temperature and molar ratio of Ce(NH)∶Zr for SO42-/ZrO2 catalyst modified by (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 are 450 ℃ and 2, respectively.  相似文献   

2.
正庚烷在超稳Y沸石(USY)负载超强酸催化剂上加氢异构化   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
The Pt-bearing SO42-/ZrO2 superacid catalysts supported on ultra stable Y (USY) zeolite were prepared by impregnation and characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption and Hammett indicators. Their catalytic activities were evaluated in the hydroisomerization of n-heptane with an atmospheric fixed-bed reactor. The catalysts possessed a high surface area, superacidity and well maintained pore structure of USY support. The supported catalysts with a suitable SO42-/ZrO2 loading exhibited a higher catalytic activity and selectivity than the unsupported SO42-/ZrO2 catalyst or the Pt supported on USY catalyst without superacid. At the reaction temperature of 220 ℃, over the catalyst with a Pt loading of 0.8wt% and ZrO2 loading of 10wt%, the conversion of n-heptane could be as high as 35.2% with a selectivity of 87.9% for isomerization products.  相似文献   

3.
五元体系Li+/Cl-,CO32-,SO42-,B4O72--H2O 298 K相关系实验研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Zabuye saline lake, Tibet, China, is unrivalled in the world for its high concentration of chloride, sulfate, carbonate and borate of lithium, sodium and potassium. Always at the later stage of the evaporation of brines, most sodium and potassium salts are crystallized out, so the main components of brines can be described with the Li+, Mg2+/Cl-, SO42-, CO32-, B4O72--H2O system. As a part of study on the equilibrium of this complex system, the equilibrium solubilities and phase diagram of the quinary system Li+/Cl-,CO32-,SO42-,B4O72--H2O at 298 K were studied by isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. In the 3-dimentional solubility diagram or its projection diagram saturated with solid LiCl, there are four crystallization fields, four univariant curves and one invariant point. At the invariant point, the saturated solid salts are LiCl·H2O, Li2B4O7·3H2O, Li2CO3and Li2SO4·H2O. No double salt or solid solution is formed.  相似文献   

4.
A new complex, {[Cu(phen)3](SO4)(H3PCA)2(8H2O)}, was synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The complex is composed of copper cations, sulfate anions, 1,10-phenanthroline, protocatechuic acid and lattice water molecules. The structure of H3PCA, SO42- and waters comprises packing of anionic three-dimensional network by hydrogen bonds with cavities. The complex can be considered as a model of host/guest supramolecule. The three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network is the host species. The Cu(phen)32+ cations, guest species, occupied the cavities of the host. And the results demonstrate that the form of protocatechuic acid at pH< 1 should be free ligand. CCDC: 191733.  相似文献   

5.
Nafion? / TiO2复合膜的质子传导性能研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Nafion® / TiO2 composite membranes were prepared by in-situ chemical reaction method using Ti(OC4H9)4 and Nafion® 117 as raw materials. The membranes were characterized by UV, FTIR-ATR and XRD, respectively. Methanol permeability and water uptake were investigated as a function of TiO2 contents. The conductivity of the membranes was measured under water vapor pressure (2.644 7 kPa) or in dry atmospheres. The XRD results showed that the titanium dioxide in Nafion® membranes were crystallized in anatase phase with an average crystaline diameter of 3.0 nm. The water uptake of the composite membranes was larger than that of the pure Nafion® membrane when the TiO2 loading was within 14wt%. The methanol permeability of the membrane decreased as the TiO2 loading increased. The addition of 3wt% TiO2 to Nafion® membranes improved the conductivity in dry measurement conditions. The proton conductivity of the composite membrane increased greatly after the hydrothermal treatment at 160 ℃ for 2 hours.  相似文献   

6.
TiO2 coated SiO2 materials as anode for lithium-ion batteries were synthesized via an in situ hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate under ultrasonic irradiation using nanometer-sized TiO2 colloids as precursors. The XRD patterns indicate that the as-prepared core/shell particles remain anatase after calcining below 800 ℃. TEM observation shows that the particle size of TiO2 / SiO2 composites is ca. 200 nm, and a homogeneous SiO2 layer is coated on the surfaces of TiO2 particles. FTIR spectra demonstrate that SiO2 could have been coated on the surfaces of TiO2 particles via a chemical bonding. In addition, the first specific charge and discharge capacities of the coated particle electrode were 66.4 mAh·g-1 and 90.7 mAh·g-1, respectively, which indicates that the TiO2 / SiO2 particles are more stable than the monodispersed TiO2. Meanwhile, the new material has good lithium intercalation-deintercalation performances.  相似文献   

7.
SnCl4.5H2O and SnCl2.2H2O are the efficient catalysts for the oxidation of acetone with 30% hydrogen peroxide at room temperature to tetrametric acetone peroxide which is identified by molecular determination,elemental analysis,FT-IR,NMR,and MS.The catalytic activity of SnCl4.5H2O and SnCl2.2H2O is much higher than that of HCl.In the case of SnCl4.5H2O,the maximum yield of tetrametric acetone peroxide reaches 95.0%.The results show that the active species of catalytic reaction may be Sn4+.  相似文献   

8.
Fe/La2O3纳米催化剂制备碳纳米管   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12       下载免费PDF全文
Nanocrystalline LaFeO3 was synthesised by the citrate method with La(NO3)3·6H2O,Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and citric acid as the raw materials. Before and after reduction, its structure was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). And after reduction of LaFeO3 oxide, the rare earth oxide, La2O3, prevents Fe particles from agglomerating and promotes the dispersion of nano-scale Fe particles (ca.40nm), which is one of the key factors for the growth of carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes from the catalytic de-composition of C2H2 were obtained using Fe/La2O3 nano-scale catalyst, which was formed from LaFeO3 oxide as the catalyst precursor. The morphological structures of the carbon nanotube obtained have been examined by TEM. The results indicate that they are multi-walled nanotubes of good quality with inter diameter ranging from 20~25nm and length ranging from 25~40μm. The yields of carbon nanotube are 1.25g·gcat-1 at the reaction temperature of 973K for 30min.  相似文献   

9.
Cu/ZnO-TiO2复合半导体光催化材料的制备与表征   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
赵春  钟顺和 《无机化学学报》2004,20(9):1131-1136
The metallic Cu modified n-p coupled semiconductors Cu/ZnO-TiO2 were prepared by sol-gel method, and their crystal structure, surface composition and absorptivity of UV light were investigated by techniques of DTA-TG, XRD, TEM, BET, TPR, IR and UV-Vis. The results show that the main crystal structure of the coupled-semiconductors is anatase TiO2 with the particle size in the range of 10~16 nm and BET surface area above 80 m2·g-1. In the process of Sol-gel the probability to form ZnO is reduced because of the dilution of Zn2+ with Ti(OC4H9)4. But through the molecular-level contact with TiO2, Zn2+ cations take the places of the O-tetrahedral and O-octahedral centers to partly form Zn2TiO4, and the coupling effects decrease the reflectivity of semiconductors in the wavelength region of 250~400 nm. A photo-exciting mechanism of the semiconductors embedded with metallic Cu was proposed. The Fermi energy of metallic Cu is in the band gap of ZnO and TiO2, so the addition of metallic Cu offers new energy bands to give and receive the photoelectrons, thus expanding the absorption region of the semiconductors to visible light.  相似文献   

10.
可见光催化剂S/TiO2的制备与表征   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
The sulfur-doped titanium dioxide (S/TiO2) was prepared by calcinations. The photocatalytic decomposition of benzoic acid solution was carried out under simulated sun light; the photocatalytic activity is 2.7 times of TiO2. The results of XRD show that the sulfur can restrain the crystallization transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile, although the calcinations temperature has attained 500 ℃, the crystallization still is anatase entirely. The responsive wavelength range of S/TiO2 was shifted; it has obvious absorption in the region from 320 to 550 nm. The S (S6+) substituted for some of the lattice titanium atoms in S/TiO2. At the same time the XRF also prove the formation of S6+ and the atomic content is 2.13%.  相似文献   

11.
phase diagrams of KCl-KBO2-K2CO3, K2MoO4-KBO2-K2CO3, and K2WO4-KBO2-K2CO3 ternary systems were studied by a calculation-experimental method and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The coordinates of ternary eutectics were determined to be E 1: 622°C, 8.5 mol % KBO2, 56.5 mol % KCl, and 35 mol % K2CO3; E 2: 710°C, 23 mol % KBO2, 43 mol % K2CO3, and 34 mol % K2MoO4; E 3: 710°C, 23 mol % KBO2, 43 mol % K2CO3, and 34 mol % K2WO4. The specific heats of melting of the eutectics were determined.  相似文献   

12.
Solubility in the Na2Cr2O7-(NH4)2Cr2O7-K2Cr2O7-H2O four-component water-salt system at 25, 50, and 75°C was studied for the first time. Phase field boundaries for individual salts and potassium and ammonium dichromate solid solutions, monovariant lines, and invariant points were determined. Experimental data were used to optimize the looped isohydric process of potassium dichromate preparation involving additional salts.  相似文献   

13.
MMe5(dmpe) (M = Nb or Ta, dmpe = Me2PCH2CH2PMe2) reacts with H2 (500 atm) and dmpe in THF at 60°C to give MH5(dmpe)2? NbH5(dmpe)2 readily reacts with two mol of CO or ethylene (L) to give NbHL2(dmpe)2. The exchange of the hydride ligand with the ethylene protons in NbH(C2H4)2(dmpe)2 is not rapid on the 1H NMR time scale (60 MHz) at 95°C.  相似文献   

14.
一些具有NASICON型网格结构的固体电解质具有高的电导率和好的稳定性,NASICON的意思是Na Super Ionic Conductor[1]。当NaZr2(PO4)3中P5 被Si4 部分取代时便可以得到具有NASICON结构的Na1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系,其具有高的钠离子电导率。然而有相同结构的Li1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系的离子电导率却很低,这是因为Li 半径太小,而NASICON三维网格结构的离子通道太大,两者不匹配而使电导率下降[2]。但当LiZr2(PO4)3中Zr4 被离子半径小些的Ti4 取代,所得LiTi2(PO4)3的通道就与Li 半径相匹配,适合于锂离子的迁移,从而使其电导率…  相似文献   

15.
马修臻  胡斌 《化学通报》2018,81(10):939-943,938
本文用高精度数字式振荡管密度计测定了288K至318K温度范围内Li2SO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O和 Li2SO4 + K2SO4 + H2O三元体系的密度。混合溶液的离子强度范围从0.1到4.5 mol.kg–1,混合溶液中Na2SO4和K2SO4的离子强度分数为0.2,0.4,0.6和0.8。用密度实验值拟合得到了不同温度下Pitzer离子相互作用模型混合参数θV和 ψV,模型的计算值与实验值的偏差在±0.002 g.cm3以内。用Pitzer模型计算了不同离子强度下三元体系的混合体积。  相似文献   

16.
The phase diagrams of the NaBO2-NaCl-Na2CO3, NaBO2-Na2CO3-Na2MoO4, NaBO2- Na2CO3-Na2WO4, and NaBO2-NaCl-Na2WO4 ternary systems were studied by a calculation-experimental method and differential thermal analysis. The coordinates of ternary eutectics were determined: E 1: 612°C, 16 mol % NaBO2, 42 mol % NaCl, and 42 mol % Na2CO3; E 2: 568°C, 12 mol % NaBO2, 28 mol % Na2CO3, and 60 mol % Na2MoO4; E 3: 575°C, 12 mol % NaBO2, 32 mol % Na2CO3, and 56 mol % Na2WO4; E 4: 628°C, 8 mol % NaBO2, 20 mol % NaCl, and 72 mol % Na2WO4; and E 5: 655°C, 9 mol % NaBO2, 53 mol % NaCl, and 38 mol % Na2WO4.  相似文献   

17.
The novel, 1D semiconductor (H2NC4H8NCH2CH2NH2)(HNCH2CH2NH2)3Zn2Ge2Se8 has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions using N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine as solvent and templating agent at 200 °C. The material was characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The compound consists of 1D anionic [Zn2Ge2Se8]4− chains made of alternating edge-shared [ZnSe4] and [GeSe4] tetrahedra that charged balanced by one N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazinium and three piperazinium cations. The optical properties were investigated with solid state UV–Vis/near IR spectroscopy and the results show that the solid is a medium gap semiconductor with an absorption edge at 1.8 eV.  相似文献   

18.
This paper examines the structural changes with temperature and composition in the Sc2Si2O7-Y2Si2O7 system; members of this system are expected to form in the intergranular region of Si3N4 and SiC structural ceramics when sintered with the aid of Y2O3 and Sc2O3 mixtures. A set of different compositions have been synthesized using the sol-gel method to obtain a xerogel, which has been calcined at temperatures between 1300 and 1750 °C during different times. The temperature-composition diagram of the system, obtained from powder XRD data, is dominated by the β-RE2Si2O7 polymorph, with γ-RE2Si2O7 and δ-RE2Si2O7 showing very reduced stability fields. Isotherms at 1300 and 1600 °C have been analysed in detail to evaluate the solid solubility of the components. Although, the XRD data show a complete solid solubility of β-Sc2Si2O7 in β-Y2Si2O7 at 1300 °C, the 29Si MAS-NMR spectra indicate a local structural change at x ca. 1.15 (Sc2−xYxSi2O7) related to the configuration of the Si tetrahedron, which does not affect the long-range order of the β-RE2Si2O7 structure. Finally, it is interesting to note that, although Sc2Si2O7 shows a unique stable polymorph (β), Sc3+ is able to replace Y3+ in γ-Y2Si2O7 in the compositional range 1.86?x?2 (where x is Sc2−xYxSi2O7) as well as in δ-Y2Si2O7 for compositions much closer to the pure Y2Si2O7.  相似文献   

19.
The lithium-ion-conducting inorganic solid electrolytes in the oxide systems Li2O-SiO2-P2O5 and Li2O-TiO2-SiO2-P2O5 were prepared by the solid-state reaction, and the electrolyte pellet made by cold-pressing method had diameter of 13 mm and was about 1 mm thick. Phase identification and surface morphology of the products were carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Ionic conductivity of the pellets was investigated through ac impedance. The results show that the adding of other cations can improve the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte, and the sintering temperature and duration can influence the ionic conductivity. The maximum ionic conductivity in the samples is 9.9 × 10−4 S/cm in the Li2O-TiO2-SiO2-P2O5 system. Original Russian Text ? W. Li, M. Wang, Z.H. Li, X.F. Shang, H. Wang, Y.W. Wang, Y.B. Xu, 2007, published in Elektrokhimiya, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 11, pp. 1341–1345.  相似文献   

20.
The Ag2Se-Tl2Se-Bi2Se3 quasi-ternary system (system A) was studied using DTA, X-ray powder diffraction, microstructure examination, and microhardness measurements. TlBiSe2-AgBiSe2, AgTlSe-AgBiSe2, AgTlSe-Bi2Se3, and Tl2Se-AgBiSe2 polytherms, isothermal sections at 500 and 800 K, and liquidus surface projection of system A were constructed. System A is congruently triangulated into the following subordinate triangles: Tl2Se-AgTlSe-Tl9BiSe6 (I), AgTlSe-Tl9BiSe6-TlBiSe2 (II), Ag2Se-AgTlSe-TlBiSe2 (III), Ag2Se-AgBiSe2-TlBiSe2 (IV), and AgBiSe2-TlBiSe2-Bi2Se3 (V). Subsystems I, III, and V are ternary systems with three-phase eutectic equilibrium; system II has a three-phase eutectic, and system IV is characterized by several invariant and monovariant peritectic and eutectic equilibria. Primary crystallization and homogeneity fields were outlined, and the types and coordinates of invariant and monovariant equilibria in system A were determined. A characteristic feature of the title system is an extensive field of solid solutions between high-temperature cubic AgBiSe2 and TlBiSe2 phases; this field lies as a continuous belt along the AgBiSe2-TlBiSe2 quasibinary section and covers about one-fourth of the surface area of the triangular diagram of system A.  相似文献   

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