氧气催化氧化环己烷

本文系统综述了O_2氧化剂用于环己烷催化氧化体系的研究进展,包括金属配合物催化、金属纳米粒子催化、金属氧化物粒子催化、分子筛催化、碳材料催化、光促进催化、杂多酸催化、金属-有机骨架材料催化等。本文认为研究、开发以O_2为氧化剂,高活性高选择性的非均相环己烷催化氧化体系将成为今后环己烷催化氧化研究的主要方向,尤其是多金属甚至多元素复合体系。本综述不仅对开发高催化活性高选择性的环己烷催化氧化体系,改进目前工业上的环己醇环己酮制备工艺具有重要的参考价值,而且还对其他烃类C—H键和C—C键高效催化氧化体系甚至其他氧化体系的研究与开发也具有重要的参考价值。     

三氯化钌催化下环己烷和环己醇在离子液体中的氧化反应研究

在三氯化钌催化下，使用叔丁基过氧化氢在离子液体中可将环己烷和环己醇氧化为环己酮，结果表明环己醇的氧化具有较高的转化率和选择性．离子液体(bmim)^ PF6^-和催化剂三氯化钌均有一定的重复使用性．     

VPO催化剂上气态环己烷催化氧化制取顺酐及醋酸的研究

为研究气态环己烷催化氧化制取顺酐及醋酸的新反应，采用沉淀法制备了8种相同晶相的VPO固体催化剂．借助XRD、FT-IR技术对催化剂进行主体晶相确定，利用氧化还原滴定方法测定了催化剂中钒的平均氧化数．结合催化反应的活性评价，发现具有适宜结晶度、适宜V^4 ／V^5 比和在反应气氛下活化的催化剂，均可提高实现目标反应的催化活性；添加钼组份并不能改善催化剂的选择性．     

CoTPP电化学催化还原溴代环己烷的机理

以电化学循环伏安、现场ＥＳＲ电化学以及现场薄层电化学方法研究了电生Ｃｏ（Ⅰ）ＴＰＰ与溴代环己烷的反应机制。在ＤＭＦ中，Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）／Ｃｏ（Ⅰ）的氧化还原有明显的催化溴代环己烷还原的特征，反应现场有自由基生成。反应产物之一是Ｃｏ—Ｃ键化合物，可以在－１．３０Ｖ（ＳＣＥ）一电子还原。当存在ＣＨ＿２＝ＣＨＣＮ时，生成另一种Ｃｏ—Ｃ键化合物，该化合物在—１．１０Ｖ（ＳＣＥ）处一电子还原。证明溴代环己烷与Ｃｏ（Ⅰ）ＴＰＰ反应主要是经过形成烷基自由基的机制进行的。     

反应控制相转移催化研究的进展

反应控制相转移催化是近年来发展起来的一类新的催化体系.该催化体系在反应过程中具有均相催化的本征,当反应结束后,催化剂发生相的变化而从反应介质中析出,从而可实现催化剂的分离和循环使用.本文就反应控制相转移催化原理及其在烯烃环氧化、醇氧化、烯烃断键氧化、苯羟基化、硒催化羰基化和酯化反应等方面应用的最新进展进行了综述.     

CoTPP电化学催化原溴代环己烷的机理

以电化学循环伏安、现场ＥＳＲ电化学以及现场薄层电化学方法研究了电生Ｃｏ（Ｉ）ＴＰＰ与溴代五己烷的反机制。在ＤＭＦ中，Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）／Ｃｏ（Ⅰ）的氧化还原有明显的催化溴代环己烷还原的特片，反现场有自由基生成，反应产物之一是Ｃｏ－Ｃ键化合物，可以在１．３０Ｖ（ＳＣＥ）－电子还原，当存在ＣＨ２－ＣＨＣＮ时，。生成另一种Ｃｏ－Ｃ键化合物，该化合物在－１．１０Ｖ（ＳＣＥ）处一电子还原，证明溴代环己烷与Ｃｏ（Ｉ）     

磷钼杂多蓝作为反应控制相转移催化剂

设计合成了第一个由磷钼杂多蓝作为反应控制相转移催化剂的反应体系，用于对环己烯进行催化环氧化，苯甲醇进行催化氧化．在体系中，催化剂以均相的方式催化反应，以多相的方式分离回收．催化剂显示了很高的催化活性和稳定性．在催化氧化苯甲醇的反应中，H2O2的利用率为100％，苯甲醛的选择性为100％．     

环己烷催化氧化制取顺酐和醋酸的催化剂研究

为研究气态环己烷催化氧化制取顺酐及醋酸的新反应，采取不同的方法制备了系列固体VPO催化剂.借助XRD、FT-IR对催化剂进行了主体晶相确定，用氧化还原滴定方法测定了不同晶相催化剂中钒的平均氧化数.结合催化反应的活性评价，发现催化剂主体晶相、结晶度、活化气氛和催化剂的V4＋/V5＋比均对目标反应的催化活性产生影响，5种催化剂中以(VO)2P2O7晶相催化剂的活性为最高.     

键联聚乙二醇高分子担载锰（Ⅲ）卟啉的合成及催化烯烃环氧化反应性能研究

本文研究了键联聚乙二醇高分子担载锰（Ⅲ）卟啉的合成，以及在ＣＨ_２Ｃｌ_２／Ｈ_２Ｏ两相体系中催化苯乙烯环氧化反应的性能．探索了催化反应体系中溶液ｐＨ值、ＮａＯＣｌ浓度、轴向配体及相转移催化剂对催化反应的影响．结果说明键联聚乙二醇高分子担载锰（Ⅲ）卟啉是烯烃环氧化反应的一种有效催化剂，其中聚乙二醇链可以络合Ｎａ，使ＯＣｌ富集于金属卟啉周围，起到较好的相转移催化作用．在催化反应的各影响因素中，水相ｐＨ值对反应的影响最大．     

Au/ZSM-5催化选择氧化环己烷制环己酮和环己醇的研究

利用水热合成的方法制备了ZSM-5分子筛担载的纳米金催化剂．对合成的样品进行了XRD，XPS，Uv-Vis征分析,以环己烷催化氧化为探针反应．发现该催化剂对选择氧化环己烷制备环己酮和环己醇表现了优异的活性,环己烷的最高转化率可达到～16％．环己酮和环己醇的总选择性达到～92％．     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).