流动注射化学发光法检测水相中溶解臭氧浓度

基于碱性水溶液中臭氧氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光的现象,建立了利用流动注射化学发光技术检测水体溶解臭氧(DO3)的方法。检测了较高和较低两部分的DO3浓度范围,低浓度DO3从20μg/L到65μg/L,工作曲线为y=27．658In(X)-192．75;检出限为8．5μg/L(7次空白信号检测);高浓度D03从0．089mg／L到0．890mg／L,线性关系为y=0．0018x-23．711。溶液中的。DO3由靛蓝二磺酸钠法确定。随后利用化学发光系统检测鼓人臭氧气体的自来水,由工作曲线可以确定自来水中DO3的量。方法简便,结果准确。     

非镉柱还原-流动注射分光光度法检测硝酸盐

阐述了一种基于碱性条件下,采用还原液将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐,从而实现淡水中硝酸盐的还原液-流动注射分光光度检测方法,通过优化实验确定了最优分析条件。硝酸盐浓度在50～2000μg/L范围内与峰高呈良好的线性关系,方法检出限3.5μg/L,相对标准偏差0.90%(n=15,500μg/L)。方法应用于环境水样中硝酸盐的检测,加标回收率为95.0%～100.2%。该方法避免了镉还原柱再生处理,简化了操作,易于实现无人值守式的在线自动监测。     

AE-HG-AFS测定长期汞暴露人群补硒后尿中硒的形态

建立了一种利用阴离子交换高效液相色谱与氢化物发生原子荧光光谱联用同时测定四、六价硒及硒代半胱氨酸(SeCys)形态的方法。优化了六价硒的还原条件及仪器检测参数,以不同浓度的柠檬酸铵作为流动相,在10 min内同时分离了四、六价硒及硒代半胱氨酸(SeCys)。采用加标法定量,加标回收率在90%～119%之间,相对标准偏差为1.6%～3.1%(100μg/L),四、六价硒及硒代半胱氨酸(SeCys)的检出限分别为0.32μg/L、0.47μg/L和0.44μg/L(进样量为100μL)。应用该法对长期汞暴露人群补硒后尿中的小分子硒的形态进行了分析,仅检测到硒代半胱氨酸(SeCys)。     

超高压液相色谱荧光检测法快速测定水中痕量苯胺与联苯胺

建立了直接进样/超高压液相色谱荧光检测法快速分析水中苯胺和联苯胺的新方法。通过研究流动相、水样pH值、水样电导率和滤器材质的影响,确定了最优化的实验方案。水样直接通过0.22μm微孔滤膜(聚四氟乙烯材质)过滤,以乙腈-3.85 g/L醋酸铵(25∶75)为流动相,荧光检测器(苯胺λex/λem=232nm/329 nm,联苯胺λex/λem=292 nm/383 nm)在0.8 min内完成分析。苯胺和联苯胺在1.0～100.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,仪器精密度(n=10)分别为0.4%和0.5%,方法检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.023μg/L和0.024μg/L,方法定量下限(S/N=10)为0.078μg/L和0.079μg/L,方法回收率为86%～106%。该方法具有前处理简单、方法检出限低、分析速度快等优点,适用于水体中苯胺和联苯胺的快速检测。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定小鼠血浆及组织中的阿昔洛韦浓度

 建立了测定小鼠血浆、肝、肾、脾、肺等组织中阿昔洛韦 (ACV)浓度的高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为HypersilODS ,流动相为甲醇 水 冰醋酸 (体积比为 1∶99∶0 5 )混合溶液 ,流速为 1 5mL/min ,检测波长为 2 5 2nm。ACV血浆最低检测浓度为 2 0 μg/L ,各组织最低检测浓度为 5 0ng/g。血浆及组织匀浆中的ACV浓度在 0 1mg/L～ 4mg/L及 0 1μg/g～ 4μg/ g时线性关系良好 (r >0 99)。血浆及肝匀浆中的ACV回收率分别为 97 5 %～ 10 0 0 %和 10 0 0 %～ 10 6 0 % (n =5 )。该法精密度高 ,方便 ,快捷 。     

超支化敏感聚合物基于QCM检测痕量TNT爆炸物

为对TNT类爆炸物进行痕量检测,以石英晶体微天平(QCM)传感器为平台,用具有氢键酸性的氟化醇为敏感端基的超支化敏感聚合物材料构造了化学传感器。制备的QCM传感器可以在室温下对2.2×10~(-10)mol/L浓度以上的TNT气体进行响应;连续循环检测3次TNT气体未见信号衰减;对H_2O、乙醇、H_2、H_2S、SO_2、甲烷和NO_2等气体有良好的抗干扰能力;QCM传感器可以用于对TNT类爆炸物的痕量检测。     

流动注射冷蒸气发生法测定环境样品中痕量汞

以气体扩散膜为分离装置，流动注射进样冷蒸气发生法测定了土壤中的汞。试验了载流种类，流速，浓度，还原剂的浓度，流速，载气及春流速等分析参数对测定的影响。实验中观察到Cr(Ⅵ）对汞的响应信号有负干扰。方法的线范围为0－20μg/L，检出限为0．01μg/L，在2μg/L、5μg/L含量水平测定，方法的相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为1．5％和0．54％，回收率在91％－110％之间。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水体中氨基脲、5-甲基吗啉-3-氨基-2-恶唑烷基酮、1-氨基乙内酰脲和3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮

建立了高效液相色谱三重四极杆串联质谱检测水体中痕量氨基脲(SEM)、5-甲基吗啉-3-氨基-2-恶唑烷基酮(AMOZ)、1-氨基乙内酰脲(AHD)和3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮(AOZ)的分析方法。水样在pH 1.5～3条件下衍生8 h,经乙酸乙酯萃取,氮吹浓缩,流动相溶解后,内标法定量。分析条件为:CAPCELLPAK C18色谱柱,以甲醇和2 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。结果表明:AMOZ、AHD和AOZ在0.005～1μg/L范围内,SEM在0.01～1μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9980。AMOZ、AHD和AOZ的定性检测限和定量检测限为分别为0.0025μg/L和0.005μg/L;SEM的定性检测限和定量检测限为分别为0.005μg/L和0.01μg/L。4种化合物在水体中3个不同浓度添加水平下的平均回收率为84.9%～110.4%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～7.8%。方法可用于分析环境水体中4种化合物的残留。     

离子交换色谱-氢化物发生双道原子荧光法同时测定砷和硒形态

建立了离子交换色谱-氢化物发生双道原子荧光联用同时测定4种As形态和3种Se形态的方法,并优化了各种实验参数。采用PRP-X100阴离子交换分析柱可以在10min内同时分离、检测As和Se形态。在8%HCl和1.5%(m/V)KBH4的氢化物反应条件下,进样量100μL,各形态的检出限为:As(Ⅲ)0.2μg/L、DMA0.3μg/L、MMA0.2μg/L、As(Ⅴ)0.3μg/L、SeCys0.6μg/L、Se(Ⅳ)0.5μg/L、SeMet3μg/L。当各As形态浓度为100μg/L、各Se形态浓度为200μg/L,各形态的精密度RSD(n=7)均小于5%。当各As形态浓度范围为5～100μg/L、SeCys和Se(Ⅳ)浓度范围为10～200μg/L、SeMet浓度范围为50～200μg/L时,各形态均可得到良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.9992。用建立的方法测定了富硒营养品中的As和Se形态,加标回收率在91%～115%之间。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法测定医用口罩中痕量环氧乙烷

建立了吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法测定医用口罩中痕量环氧乙烷的方法。采用吹扫捕集法对医用口罩中环氧乙烷进行富集,热脱附后导入气相色谱/质谱仪,并选用选择离子模式(SIM)进行检测,内标法定量。结果表明:环氧乙烷在5.0～200μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9992,方法检出限为0.03μg/g,定量限为0.10μg/g。三个不同浓度加标水平(5.0μg/L、20μg/L、80μg/L)的回收率为97.59%～115.95%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.07%～7.48%。该方法操作简单、富集效率高、快速准确,适用于大批量医用口罩样品测定。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.     

Copper-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of 2-iodoanilines,benzylamines, and elemental sulfur toward 2-arylbenzothiazoles

A relatively cheap copper salt-catalyzed, three-component approach providing 2-arylbenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields from readily available 2-iodoanilines, benzylamines, and sulfur powder is reported. This methodology allows preparation of various classes of 2-arylbenzothiazoles and provides a general, reliable approach.