亚磷酸二正丙酯的气相色谱法测定

采用气相色谱法分离和测定合成有机磷农药的中间体亚磷酸二正丙酯。试验结果表明,在 5％ OV－ 7/Chromosorb W－ AW DMCS（ 0.231～ 0.387 mm）的色谱柱上,亚磷酸二正丙酯与内标物联苯等之间具有较好的分离效果。并且,以联苯为内标物时,亚磷酸二正丙酯的质量校正因子相当稳定,fW. A=2.47± 0.09（α =0.05,n=5）。该法操作简便、快速,准确度和精密度较好,对同一试样的 5次平行独立测定的相对标准偏差（ RSD）为 1.57％;该法的标准加入回收率达 99.2％～ 101.9％。     

热脱附气相色谱-质谱联机定性定量分析气体中的亚磷酸三甲酯

1引言亚磷酸三甲酯（简称三甲酯）是生产有机磷农药久效磷、磷胶等的主要原料。该物质嗅阈值极低，有很强的刺激性气味。工业生产中如有小县泄漏就会使周围环境产生难闻的气昧，目前尚未见到定性、定量测定大气中三甲酯的分析方法。本文研究了用固体吸附、热脱附气相色谱质谱联用分析气体中三甲酯，为污染事故的查出及污染物的监测提供了灵敏度高、准确性好的方法。2实验被分2．1仪器与试剂Varian34O0气相色谱一Finnigan离子阶质谱一IBM电子计算机。8701A热解吸浓缩进样装置（上海分析仪器厂无锡分厂）。上分103型气相层析仪。GB－6A大…     

核苷氢亚磷酸二酯的合成

核苷氢亚磷酸酯不仅是合成具有生物活性功能的磷糖、磷肽、磷脂等化合物的重要中间体[1],而且某些修饰核苷的氢亚磷酸二酯在抗艾滋病病毒方面表现出了很高的活性和低的细胞毒性[2].但是它们的合成步骤繁琐、成本高,因而研究其简单的合成方法具有现实意义.在以前的报道中我们曾用三氯化磷/醇体系与相应核苷反应-锅法简单地合成了具有抗艾滋病病毒活性的核苷氢亚磷酸二酯[3].用该方法合成天然核苷氢亚磷酸二酯将是本文介绍的主要内容.     

水样中痕量有机磷农药的膜萃取-气相色谱法测定

制作了涂渍植物来源的酶和不同化合物的萃取膜，萃取富集了水样中的有机磷农药和农药中间体残留。实验表明：涂有不同物质的萃取膜对不同农药有选择性地富集。利用戊二醛膜对河流水样中的硫代磷酸三甲酯和精胺进行富集，用气相色谱－火焰光度检测器检测，回收率在68％－103％之间；检测限为0.1μg/L。方法可满足水体中痕量有机磷农药残留检测的要求。     

气相色谱-质谱法对水中亚磷酸三乙酯测定方法研究

亚磷酸三乙酯是生产有机磷神经毒剂的中间体,属于"禁止化学武器公约"的化学品.它同时是一种重要的染料中间体,广泛应用于造纸、染料、医药、化工、农药等行业中.     

有机相中乙酸-α-氰基-3-苯氧基苄酯的含量与对映体过量值的测定

光学活性的(S)-乙酸-α-氰基-3-苯氧基苄酯(CPB乙酸酯)是生物农药拟除虫菊酯的重要中间体。研究CPB乙酸酯的合成反应动力学在理论上有重要意义,在实际生产中也可为提高该中间产物的产量提供理论指导。迄今用毛细管气相色谱法测定CPB乙酸酯的含量,尚未见报道。CPB乙酸酯具有立体选择性,为了探讨有机相中脂肪酶催化的该合成     

α-异丙基-3,4-二甲氧基苯乙腈和α-异丙基-3,4-甲撑二氧基苯乙腈的合成

α-异丙基-3,4-二甲氧基苯乙腈是合成药物——异搏定的中间体,α-异丙基-3,4-甲撑二氧基苯乙腈是合成农药——拟除虫菊酯的中间体,它们都是α-取代芳基乙腈,可以在碱性试剂存在下由芳基乙腈起烃化反应生成。该反应一般在氢化钠、氨基钠等强碱性试剂存在下进行,操作要求高;或者在氢氧化钠水溶液中进行,     

无水二氯化镍催化下醋酸烯丙酯与亚磷酸二酯的反应

利用Pd(O)催化下R~2R~3P(O)H(R~2,R~3=烷基、芳基、烷氧基)与芳基溴,烯基溴以及丁二烯反应合成芳基、烯基和烯丙基膦酸酯近年来有较多报道,但后者产率仅为10%。Fiaud曾报道了二苯基膦锂和醋酸烯丙酯的反应,但烯丙基膦化合物产率低于15%。我们曾发现醋酸烯丙酯在O,N-二(三甲硅基)乙酰胺(BSA)存在下,用Ni(cod)_3为催化剂与亚磷酸二酯反应,高产率地得到了烯丙基膦酸酯,而Pd(PPh_3)_4不能催化这个反应。我们认为反应的关键是亚磷酸二酯首先与BSA反应生成O,O-二烷基-O-三甲硅基亚磷酸酯     

亚磷酸三月桂醇酯的合成

亚磷酸三月桂醇酯的合成;亚磷酸三月桂醇酯;月桂醇;三氯化磷;吡啶;苯     

碘催化亚磷酸三乙酯参与的Kabachnik-Fields反应:便捷合成含磷苯并噁嗪

报道了由亚磷酸三乙酯通过碘催化的Kabachnik-Fields反应来合成α-氨基磷酸的方法.该方法能在40℃下快速完成,对胺、醛和亚磷酸三烷基酯具有良好的耐受性.此外,由水杨醛与亚磷酸三烷基酯水合形成的产物可在温和条件下有效地转化为含有磷酸酯的苯并噁嗪,这为新型酚醛树脂提供了新前体.     

A New Protocol for O-Methylation of Phenolic Compounds with Trimethyl Phosphite or Trimethyl Phosphate Under Solvent-Free Condition and Microwave Irradiation

A simple method for the preparation of industrially important alkyl aryl ethers is reported. Several phenolic compounds such as phenols, naphthols, and hydroxy coumarins were O-methylated with trimethyl phosphite or trimethyl phosphate under microwave irradiation and solvent-free condition in almost quantitative yields. Reaction of 2-naphthol with trimethyl phosphate gave mixture of 2-methoxynaphthalene and 1-methyl-2-methoxynaphthalene while the reaction with trimethyl phosphite gave mostly 2-methoxynaphthalene. This method is highly efficient for the methylating of phenolic compounds with very easy experimental procedure and environmental friendly conditions.     

Cyclisation reactions of 2-substituted benzoylphosphonates with trialkyl phosphites via nucleophilic attack on a carbonyl-containing ortho substituent

Dimethyl 2-acetoxy- and dimethyl 2-benzoyloxy-benzoylphosphonate undergo cyclisation and deoxygenation in the presence of excess trimethyl phosphite to give dimethyl (3-methyl-1-benzofuran-2-yl)phosphonate and dimethyl (3-phenyl-1-benzofuran-2-yl)phosphonate, respectively. The reaction pathway has been shown to involve phosphite attack on initially formed tricyclic dioxaphospholane intermediates with the subsequent loss of two molecules of trimethyl phosphate. In the absence of additional trimethyl phosphite the initially formed tricyclic dioxaphospholane intermediates lose one molecule of trimethyl phosphate and then undergo a novel rearrangement to give β-ketophosphonates. The mechanism for this reaction helps explain some previously reported epoxide rearrangements. In contrast, the initially formed anionic intermediate from the reaction of dimethyl 2-benzoyloxymethylbenzoylphosphonate with trimethyl phosphite undergoes decomposition to give a carbene intermediate which is trapped by the trimethyl phosphite to give an ylidic phosphonate.     

Synthesis and selected reactions of ethyl 5-(1-chloroethyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylate

Ethyl 2-methylfuran-3-carboxylate is smoothly chloroethylated at 0°C in the 5 position of the ring. The resulting halide alkylates secondary amines but eliminates HCl with sodium diethyl phosphite under the Michaelis-Becker reaction conditions and with trimethyl phosphite under the Arbuzov reaction conditions. In the reaction with sodium diethyl phosphite, small amounts of 5-[1-(diethoxyphosphoryl)ethyl]furan-3-carboxylate and 5-ethylfuran-3-carboxylate are formed. In the Arbuzov reaction at a 1: 1.22 furan: trimethyl phosphite molar ratio, methyl 2,4-dimethyl-1-methoxy-1-oxo-1λ⁵-1,2-dihydrophospheto[3,2-b]furan-5-carboxylate was isolated.     

Gas-phase ion-molecule reactions in organophosphorus esters

Self-condensation ion-molecule reactions of trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, dimethyl phosphonate, trimethyl phosphate and 2, 2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (dichlorvos) were investigated by ion trap mass spectrometry and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Reaction paths for the main processes observed were elucidated by parent ion selection and for reaction times up to 500 ms. In parallel, high-resolution measurements were performed in order to determine the composition of the principal ions. Among the compounds under examination, trimethyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite mainly give [M + H](+) and [M + (RO)(2)P](+) (R = CH(3), C(2)H(5)) adduct ions, whereas trimethyl phosphate and dimethyl phosphonate display [2M + H](+) ions, as the only abundant products, formed by reaction of [M + H](+) and M. 2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate mostly shows fragmentation processes. The reaction patterns of the compounds examined were related to their different structural features. Gas-phase basicities of the phosphoryl compounds were also determined or re-examined. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FACTORS IN THE CONTROL OF PRODUCT COMPOSITION IN THE REACTIONS OF TRIALKYL PHOSPHITES WITH α-HALOGENOACETOPHENONES IN ALCOHOLIC MEDIA

Abstract

α-Hydroxyphosphonates are formed, in addition to vinyl phosphates and dehalogenated ketones, in the reactions of trimethyl phosphite (in methanol) or triethyl phosphite (in ethanol) with variously substituted α-chloro, α-bromo, and α,α-dichloro-acetophenones. Tri-isopropyl phosphite in propan-2-ol gives only the vinyl phosphate. Ketophosphonates are not detectable amongst the reaction products under the conditions used. Trends in product composition can be correlated with the leaving ability of halogen, substituent effects, structure of the phosphite, and reaction temperature. Additional products are obtained in the reactions of trimethyl phosphite in methanol with 4-nitro-α-chloroacetophenone, which gives the dehalogenated hydroxyphosphonate, and with the α,α-dichloroacetophenones which undergo monodehalogenation. Twenty three new α-hydroxyphosphonates are reported.     

Reaction between naphthols and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in the presence of phosphites. Synthesis of stable oxa-2 lambda 5-phosphaphenanthrenes,and benzochromene derivatives

The reaction of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) with 2-naphthol in the presence of trimethyl or triphenyl phosphite leads to stable dimethyl oxa-2 lambda 5-phosphaphenanthrene derivatives in good yields. The reaction of DMAD and trimethyl phosphite in the presence of 1-naphthol or 8-hydroxyquinoline leads to dimethyl 2-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-3-(1-hydroxy-2-naphthyl)succinate or dimethyl 2-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-3-(8-hydroxyquinolin-7-yl)-succinate in excellent yields. Using triethyl phosphite and DMAD in the presence of 2-naphthol or 1-naphthol produces methyl 3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[f]chromene-1-carboxylate or methyl 2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]-chromene-4-carboxylate in excellent yields.     

Interaction entre les phosphites alcoylés et le groupe carbonyle; trransformation des phosphites méthyliques dans l'acide acétique

In acetic acid, trimethyl phosphite dealkylates and simultaneously forms dimethyl (1-dimethoxyphosphono-ethyl) phosphate. This is interpreted as evidence of an attack at the carbonyl group of the carboxylic acid.     

Specific Features of Reactions of Halomethyl Derivatives of Alkyl 5-Isobutylfuran-3-carboxylates with Trimethyl Phosphite and Sodium Diethyl Phosphite

Ethyl 5-isobutyl-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylate is selectively brominated with N-bromosuccin-imide by the methyl group to give an unstable bromide. The latter on heating or in the presence of bases un-dergoes dehydrobromination accompanied by rearrangement, leading to a (2'2-dimethylvinyl)furan derivative.Phosphorylation of this bromide with trimethyl phosphite gives a 2-dimethoxyphosphorylmethyl derivativeand a product containing the phosphonate group to the isobutyl radical. Chloromethylation of the startingester proceeds in the 4 position of the furan ring. The resulting chloride undergoes phosphorylation underconditions of the Michaelis-Becker reaction to give the corresponding 4-(dialkoxyphosphorylmethyl)furan'and under the action of trimethyl phosphite a mixture of the same phosphonate, a dehalogenation producthaving a dimethylvinyl fragment. Bromination of the 4-chloromethyl derivative with N-bromosuccinimideinvolves the 2-methyl group. The dihalide reacts with trimethyl phosphite by way of reduction of the bromomethyl group to give 4-chloromethyl- or 4-dimethoxyphosphorylmethyl derivatives, as well as analogous dehydrohalogenation products containing a 5-dimethylvinyl fragment. A scheme describing the sequence of formation of these products in the course of the reaction is offered.     

Cobalt(Ⅱ) chloride accelerated one-pot three-component synthesis of α-aminophosphonates at room temperature

A simple,efficient,and general method has been developed for the one-pot,three-component synthesis ofα-aminophosphonates from condensation reaction of trimethyl phosphite,aryl aldehydes and aryl amines in the presence of CoCl₂-6H₂O under solvent-free conditions.Thusα-aminophosphonates were synthesized relatively quickly in good yields at room temperature.     

Reduction of the copper(II) cation in acetonitrile by trimethyl phosphite. Evidence for an intermediate copper(II) complex

Reduction of the solvated copper(II) cation by trimethyl phosphite in acetonitrile occurs via a short-lived purple intermediate believed to be a copper(II)-phosphite complex.