基于介孔碳的电化学酪氨酸酶生物传感器法测定水体中的苯酚及高效液相色谱法评价

采用新型的介孔碳材料作为固载酪氨酸酶的检测平台构建生物传感器,应用于水体环境中苯酚污染物的检测,并通过高效液相色谱法对电化学酪氨酸酶生物传感器法的准确性进行了评价。研究表明,介孔碳的"空间限制效应"能够防止酪氨酸酶(三维尺寸为6.5 nm×9.8 nm×5.5 nm)体外去折叠失活。基于介孔碳材料构建的电化学酪氨酸酶生物传感器在苯酚污染物检测方面显示了优良的性能,其重现性、灵敏度、稳定性、选择性以及检出限均比较令人满意。基于介孔碳的电化学酪氨酸酶生物传感器对苯酚污染物的检出限达到20 nmol/L,线性范围为0.1~10 μmol/L。采用基于介孔碳的电化学酪氨酸酶生物传感器和高效液相色谱法对实际水样品进行测定结果比对,结果表明该生物传感器方法检测结果准确、有效,适合于苯酚污染物突发污染事件的应急检测。     

介孔分子筛上的蛋白质直接电化学

将介孔分子筛用于不同含血红素蛋白质的直接电子传递研究,分别研究了辣根过氧化物酶、血红蛋白和肌红蛋白在六方介孔硅(HMS)上的直接电化学,探讨了介孔分子筛与这些蛋白质间的相互作用,构建了过氧化氢和亚硝酸根的新型的生物传感器. 这些工作扩展了HMS在蛋白质固定、直接电子传递研究和无试剂生物传感器制备方面的应用.     

有序介孔材料在生物医药领域中的应用

本文简述了有序介孔材料的特性，详细介绍了其在生物医药领域中的应用研究，如用于酶的固定化、生物传感器、药物的包埋和控释、生物活性材料、生物分子的吸附和分离等，阐述了不同类型的有序介孔材料在这些应用中的性能以及为适用于该领域应用进行的材料开发和结构修饰，最后对材料的改进和应用前景进行了展望。     

离子液体/金纳米粒子自组装介孔材料及其增强的细胞色素c直接电化学(英文)

室温离子液体作为一种软模板用来组装介孔材料,这种材料是由表面覆盖有半胱氨酸的自组装巨型金纳米粒子构成的.首先,由于静电作用或者配体末端的羧基和氨基基团之间的缩合反应,覆盖有半胱氨酸的金纳米粒子能够自组装形成纳米线和亚微米球形粒子.其次,球形自组装粒子在和疏水性室温离子液体1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑鎓六氟磷酸盐相互研磨时能形成一种准固态凝胶.最后,将复合凝胶涂在玻碳电极上,然后在PH=7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中用循环伏安法进行极化,由于富余的室温离子液体分散在溶液中,形成了一种介孔组装结构.该材料具有良好的导电性和生物大分子亲和性.由于比表面积大和介孔内部的"薄层"效应,细胞色素c的氧化还原反应显著增强.实验结果表明,这种介孔材料在生物传感器和生物燃料电池等电化学器件方面具有潜在的应用前景.     

胆固醇电化学生物传感器的研究与进展

胆固醇作为一些疾病的重要生物标志物,开发准确且快速的胆固醇检测技术在生物医学应用中具有重要意义。电化学生物传感技术具有检测速度快、灵敏度高、操作方便等优点,成为研制新型高性能胆固醇传感器的主要研究方向。近年来,材料合成技术的提高,新型材料种类的丰富,促进了胆固醇电化学生物传感器在脑和心脏血管疾病临床分析中蓬勃发展。本文以材料为主线,综述了近年来利用导电聚合物、金属及其氧化物纳米材料、碳纳米材料和其他复合功能材料为电极修饰材料,以胆固醇氧化酶为固载酶设计的胆固醇电化学生物传感器的最新进展。     

核酸等温扩增技术在电化学生物传感器中的应用

生物分子检测在临床诊断、基因治疗、基因突变分析等方面变得日益重要,因而,建立简单、快速、灵敏的检测方法具有重要意义。近年,电化学生物传感器因其简单、便携、易操作、成本低等优势在生物分子检测的研究中备受关注。为了提高检测方法的灵敏度,不同的核酸等温扩增技术被应用于电化学生物传感器的构建中。本文简单介绍了电化学生物传感器的工作原理,着重综述了几种主要应用于电化学传感器中的核酸等温扩增技术,同时比较了各方法的优缺点。     

电化学DNA生物传感器研究的应用进展*

电化学DNA生物传感器因快速、灵敏、低耗和易于操作等优点在基因序列测定中受到了广泛的关注,已逐渐成为分子生物学和生物技术研究的重要领域。具有电活性的小分子和纳米材料因它们独特的性质,已被应用到电化学DNA生物传感器中。本文介绍了电化学DNA生物传感器的基本概念和分类,综述了近年来电活性小分子和纳米材料在电化学DNA生物传感器中的应用进展,并对此领域的未来发展做了展望。     

生物大分子印迹传感器研究进展

分子印迹传感器在有机小分子分析检测方面的应用已趋近成熟,在生物大分子检测方面的应用近年来也逐渐增多.本文就近年来分子印迹技术在大分子生物传感器中的构建及应用进行综述,包括光学传感器、电化学传感器、质量型传感器等,并对目前分子印迹传感器在生物大分子检测方面存在的问题进行分析,对生物大分子印迹传感器的未来发展方向提出展望.     

MCM-41型介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒的制备及其在DNA生物传感器中的应用

MCM-41型介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒具有独特的结构特征和理化性质,能够与DNA、信号探针以及多种活性纳米颗粒结合,在DNA生物传感器中得到了广泛应用。其中,球形和薄膜形的MCM-41型介孔二氧化硅具有高负载量、孔口控释和高比表面积等优点,能有效装载各种信号探针、控制粒子的扩散以及固定大量活性纳米颗粒,可大大提高DNA生物传感器的灵敏度。本文就MCM-41型介孔二氧化硅在合成方式、模板剂去除、表面修饰及应用等三个方面的最新研究作了综述。首先依次介绍了球形和薄膜形MCM-41型介孔二氧化硅的常用合成方法和模板剂去除方法,并简要描述了各方法的优缺点。其次,大致介绍了其表面性质和功能化修饰的研究现状。再次介绍了现阶段将MCM-41型介孔二氧化硅作为信号探针的传递系统、分子筛和活性纳米材料的载体来提高检测灵敏度的DNA生物传感器。最后总结了目前研究中的不足之处并展望了其未来的进展方向。     

电化学葡萄糖传感器

作为电化学生物传感器中最重要的研究内容之一,葡萄糖生物传感器在数十年的发展中取得了巨大进展。本文综述了近年来利用纳米技术设计的新型电化学葡萄糖传感器的主要研究进展,并从纳米材料维度分类进行了讨论。其中,零维纳米材料主要讨论了包括金纳米颗粒、银纳米颗粒以及铜、铂等金属纳米颗粒材料; 一维纳米材料主要讨论了通过模板法制备的金属或金属氧化物纳米线以及单臂或者多壁纳米管材料; 二维纳米材料主要总结了以碳为基础的石墨烯材料和一些片状的金属材料。纳米材料对电化学葡萄糖传感器的影响主要集中在生物相容性、增强检测灵敏度、酶的固定等方面。此外,本文也对电化学葡萄糖传感器的今后发展做了展望。     

Ordered porous thin films in electrochemical analysis

Recently, the field of highly-ordered mesoporous and macroporous thin films coated onto solid electrode surfaces has begun to receive attention due to their great interest for electrochemical analysis. This review highlights the features of both electricallyconducting and non-conducting organized layers, which are applicable to designing electrochemical sensors, and the methods applied to construct these novel nanomaterials.We emphasize methods based on use of self-assembled colloidal templates (e.g., surfactants or nanoparticles), around which the materials of interest are formed. We then describe their basic electrochemical behavior and discuss their possible use as electrochemical sensors and biosensors, mostly in the particular case of structured metallic layers, functionalized mesoporous silica films, and some other continuous three-dimensional ordered porous structures.     

Electrochemical biosensors based on Ti3C2Tx MXene: future perspectives for on-site analysis

MXenes are recently developed two-dimensional layered materials composed of early transition metal carbides and/or nitrides that provide unique characteristics for biosensor applications. This review presents the recent progress made on the usage and applications of MXenes in the field of electrochemical biosensors, including microfluidic biosensors and wearable microfluidic biosensors, and highlights the challenges with possible solutions and future needs. The multilayered configuration and high conductivity make these materials as an immobilization matrix for the biomolecule immobilization with activity retention and to be explored in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors, respectively. First, how the MXene nanocomposite as an electrode modifier affects the sensing performance of the electrochemical biosensors based on enzymes, aptamer/DNA, and immunoassays is well described. Second, recent developments in MXene nanocomposites as wearable biosensing platforms for the biomolecule detection are highlighted. This review pointed out the future concerns and directions for the use of MXene nanocomposites to fabricate advanced electrochemical biosensors with high sensitivity and selectivity. Specifically, possibilities for developing microfluidic electrochemical sensors and wearable electrochemical microfluidic sensors with integrated biomolecule detection are emphasized.     

Mycotoxins Detection Based on Electrochemical Approaches

Electrochemical biosensors have attracted much attention in mycotoxin bioanalysis. In this review, three electrochemical biosensor technologies for mycotoxins were reviewed, including general electrochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, and electrochemiluminescence. Based on the classification of multiple electrochemical detection methods, the design schemes, recognition mechanism and probe materials were described in detail. Moreover, the characteristics and limitations of these electrochemical biosensors were summarized. The challenges and future trends of electrochemical biosensor development in mycotoxin bioanalysis were also briefly discussed in the end. This review is expected to provide some inspirations for point-of-care testing in electrochemical sensors for mycotoxins and further electrochemical analysis application.     

Functionalized carbon nanotubes and nanofibers for biosensing applications

This review summarizes recent advances in electrochemical biosensors based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with an emphasis on applications of CNTs. CNTs and CNFs have unique electric, electrocatalytic and mechanical properties, which make them efficient materials for developing electrochemical biosensors.We discuss functionalizing CNTs for biosensors. We review electrochemical biosensors based on CNTs and their various applications (e.g., measurement of small biological molecules and environmental pollutants, detection of DNA, and immunosensing of disease biomarkers). Moreover, we outline the development of electrochemical biosensors based on CNFs and their applications. Finally, we discuss some future applications of CNTs.     

Bioelectrochemical application of some PQQ-dependent enzymes.

This paper focuses on the use of PQQ-dependent enzymes (PQQ enzymes) in amperometrical biosensors and gives emphasis on their innovative designs and applications. The study covers some aspects in the evolution of biosensors based on PQQ enzymes. Main attention is focused on the electrochemical properties of PQQ enzymes as very promising materials for the formation of electrochemical biosensors. Immobilization approaches and redox mediators recently used in PQQ enzymes based biosensors are reviewed. The acceptance of polypyrrole as a very promising immobilization matrix for some PQQ enzymes is discussed.     

Mesoporous cobalt oxide for largely improved lithium storage properties

We report the microstructure,application for lithium-ion batteries of mesoporous Co3O4 prepared by modified KIT-6 template method.The sample was characterized by XRD,TEM,HRTEM and nitrogen adsorption.Their electrochemical behaviors as electrode reactants for lithium ion batteries were evaluated by cyclic voltammograms and static charge-discharge.A direct comparison of electrochemical behaviors between mesoporous nanostructure and bulk reflects interesting "nanostructure effect",which is reasonably discussed in terms of how the 3D nanostructures of Co3O4 materials function in tuning their electrochemistry.The results demonstrate that further improvement of electrochemical performance in transition metal-oxide-based anode materials can be realized via the design of multiporous nanostructured materials.     

Electrochemistry and biosensing of glucose oxidase based on mesoporous carbons with different spatially ordered dimensions

A strategy of protein entrapment within mesoporous carbon matrices is demonstrated to probe the electrochemistry of glucose oxidase. Large surface area and remarkable electro-catalytic properties of carbon mesoporous materials make them suitable candidates for high loading of protein molecules and the promotion of heterogeneous electron transfer. In this work, two kinds of mesoporous carbon nanocomposite films were designed and prepared with highly ordered two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) structures for the immobilization of glucose oxidase, in which the quasi-reversible electron transfer of the redox enzyme was probed, and the apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants () are 3.9 and 4.2 s⁻¹, respectively. Furthermore, the associated biocatalytic activity was also revealed. Highly ordered 3D-mesoporous carbon material exhibited larger adsorption capacity for glucose oxidase and the immobilized enzymes retained a higher bioactivity compared with 2D-mesoporous carbons. The preparation of protein-entrapped mesoporous carbon nanocomposites expands the scope of carbon-based electrochemical devices and opens a new avenue for the development of biosensors.     

Peculiarities of the Porous Structure of Aluminosilicate Mesoporous Substances Obtained in The Presence of Biotemplates

Supramolecular structures of lecithin occurred to be the template in the synthesis of mesoporous aluminosilicates; using of various combinations of lecithin and cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide or octadecylamine as templating agents allowed to obtain mesoporous substances with pores up to 100 Å, as well as biporous materials in aluminosilicate system. In the presence of glucose oxidase and cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide combinations aluminosilicate substances with complex porous structure were shown to be formed (pore size distributions exhibited 3 peaks, corresponding 3 effective size of mesopores in the 30–100 Å range). The investigation of sorption of glucose oxidase on obtained aluminosilicate mesoporous substances was carried out, the results obtained allowus to consider such materials as prospect for creation high capable and selective sorbents for biomolecules sorption, as well as active elements of chemical and biosensors.