氮中低含量一氧化碳气体标准物质的定值方法

介绍氮中低含量CO气体标准物质定值的方法，对气体滤光相关分析法进行了探讨，给出了该方法的实验务件和精密度。将气体滤光相关分析法的测量值与重量法配制值、气相色谱法分析值进行了比对。气体滤光相关分析法重现性好，分析结果准确、可靠，     

钛粉质量鉴定新方法试验研究

钛粉质量鉴定一直是用化学分析测定全钛含量，而不能确定单质态的钛含量，实验表明用Ｘ射线衍射分析鉴定钛粉质量效果较好，避名了化学分析的缺点，是一种值得推广的鉴定方法。     

Redox sub-superequivalence method of radiometric analysis. Determination of trace amount of antimony

A new sub-superequivalence method of radiometric analysis is proposed, which is derived by combining the sub-superequivalence method of isotope dilution analysis with substoichiometric radiometric analysis. This method using redox reaction is applied for the determination of trace amount of antimony and was proved to be an excellent technique. The fundamental problems of this method are discussed analytically.     

Classification and Prediction of Geological Samples by Principal Component Analysis

The principal component analysis is an ancient multivariate statistical method[1]. It is extensively used in spectrometry with the popularization of computer and development of the method of chemometrics. It is regarded as an effective method of multivariate statistical analysis. The principal component analysis is universally included in common program package of multivariate statistical analysis. The method, as well as other multivariate calibration methods, combined with artificial neural networks forms the foundation of the chemometrics.     

Characterization and modeling of monolithic stationary phases: application to preparative chromatography

Two different approaches, the rectangular pulse method and a new method, the frontal velocity analysis method are applied to the determination of competitive isotherms for two systems on ODS-silica. Both sets of experimental data are found to fit well to the competitive-Langmuir isotherm equation. The data obtained from the rectangular pulse method and the frontal velocity analysis method are in general agreement with each other and the best coefficients of the competitive isotherms obtained with the two methods are close. This shows that the simpler and easier method, the frontal velocity analysis method can be used to determine binary competitive isotherms.     

Size-distribution analysis of polymer latex systems by use of the extrema in the angular light-scattering pattern: II. The polarization ratio

Previously, the angular positions of the extrema of the polarization ratio have been utilized in light-scattering studies as a method of particle-size analysis under the assumption of monodisperse, spherical particles. Since the consequences of the existing finite polydispersity on this method of analysis was not assessed, the results are questionable. This work is concerned with (1) reporting the quantitative effects of a finite polydispersity on the method of analysis, (2) pointing out previous misuse of the method, and (3) revising the method of analysis to include polydispersity and the exact Mie calculations. The method will then permit the characterization of a scattering system in terms of a modal diameter and a distribution-width parameter by utilizing prepared diagrams for a particular relative refractive index.     

Multiple gamma-ray detection method and its application to nuclear chemistry

A new radionuclide quantification method is proposed on the basis of multiple gamma-ray detection, which is two or higher fold gamma-ray coincidence method. The coincidence method has so far been used for nuclear structure study. We apply this method for quantification of radioactive nuclei. The advantage of this method consists of high energy resolution and high sensitivity. It is successfully applied to nuclear waste analysis, neutron activation analysis and prompt gamma-ray analysis. The principle of the multiple gamma-ray detection method and future perspectives for an innovative pulsed neutron source and a new detector system will be presented.     

Determination of Chlorides in Meat Products with Ion‐Selective Electrode Using the Batch Injection Technique

A procedure was developed for determination of salt in various meat products using a chloride ion‐selective electrode. The technique of batch injection analysis was used together with an ultrasound based sample extraction step. Various kinds of meat products were analyzed. The relative standard derivation lies between 0.9% and 2.7%. The accuracy of the method was proved by an independent reference method. Differences between the results of the batch injection analysis method and the reference method were found to be statistically non‐significant. Total analysis time was 7 minutes on average. The described batch injection analysis method is fast, accurate, reliable and suitable for routine analytical work.     

Analysis of aspartic acid racemization. Evaluation of a chiral capillary gas chromatographic and a diastereomeric high-performance liquid chromatographic method

A recently developed chiral gas chromatographic method and a diastereomeric high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of aspartic acid enantiomers in protein hydrolyzates have been evaluated. Although both techniques are fast and convenient, the latter is preferred because of its higher reproducibility and shorter analysis time. Furthermore, this method offers the possibility of on-line derivatization and analysis.     

Determination of nanoparticle sizes by X-ray diffraction

Different procedures for analysis of particle sizes by the X-ray diffraction method are compared by the example of nanoparticles of nickel and iron(3+) oxide (Fe₂O₃). A modified Warren-Averbach method is proposed for the analysis of the X-ray diffraction line profile based on the approximation by the Voigt function, which yields stable solutions, and the efficiency of the method is shown. The analysis within the frame-work of the Warren-Averbach method makes it possible to restore the distribution function of nanoparticles (crystallites) over true diameters, which satisfactorily correlates with electron microscopy data. The applicability of the Warren-Averbach method to the estimation of crystallite sizes by the analysis of a single diffraction line is substantiated. The range of the applicability of the Scherrer, Williamson-Hall, Warren-Averbach, and modified Warren-Averbach methods to the substructure analysis by the X-ray diffraction is determined as depending on the method of nanostructure formation.     

有机酸分析的柱后缓冲电导法与紫外法、直接电导法的比较

柱后缓冲电导法采用柱后调节pH值,电导检测器检测的方法检测有机酸,它避免了经常使用的紫外法选择性差,直接电导法灵敏度低的缺点,是可以实现有机酸准确定量的一种新型分析方法.本文比较了这三种方法的分析结果.     

Determination of carrier yields for neutron activation analysis using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry

A new method is described for determining carrier yield in the radiochemical neutron activation analysis of rare-earth elements in silicate rocks by group separation. The method involves the determination of the rare-earth elements present in the carrier by means of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, eliminating the need to re-irradiate samples in a nuclear reactor after the gamma ray analysis is complete. Results from the analysis of USGS standards AGV-1 and BCR-1 compare favorably with those obtained using the conventional method.     

离子选择性电极非线性测定水中氟离子的含量

利用氟离子选择性电极测定系列氟离子标准溶液的电极电位(vs.SCE),用测得的电极电位值与氟离子标准溶液的浓度数据进行非线性工作曲线拟舍,可准确测定1×10~(-6)～1×10~(-5)moL/L氟离子溶液的浓度。该法易于实现氟离子溶液的自动连续监测,适于氟离子溶液浓度的在线测量。     

Comparison of four extraction/methylation analytical methods to measure fatty acid composition by gas chromatography in meat

Four different extraction-derivatization methods commonly used for fatty acid analysis in meat (in situ or one-step method, saponification method, classic method and a combination of classic extraction and saponification derivatization) were tested. The in situ method had low recovery and variation. The saponification method showed the best balance between recovery, precision, repeatability and reproducibility. The classic method had high recovery and acceptable variation values, except for the polyunsaturated fatty acids, showing higher variation than the former methods. The combination of extraction and methylation steps had great recovery values, but the precision, repeatability and reproducibility were not acceptable. Therefore the saponification method would be more convenient for polyunsaturated fatty acid analysis, whereas the in situ method would be an alternative for fast analysis. However the classic method would be the method of choice for the determination of the different lipid classes.     

小波变换结合多维偏最小二乘方法用于近红外光谱定量分析

将小波变换和多维偏最小二乘法相结合用于近红外光谱定量校正模型的建立。首先将原始光谱进行小波变换分解，得到系列小波细节系数，通过选取一组受外界因素少、信息强的小波系数组成三维光谱阵，然后再采用多维偏最小二乘法建立校正模型。实验结果表明，该方法所建近红外校正模捌的预测能力更强，并更具稳健性。     

An ion beam spectrochemical analyser with application to the analysis of silicate minerals

Ion-beam sputtering is used to provide a new method of spectrochemical analysis of solids. The theory of quantitative analysis by this method is discussed and is shown to be applicable to the analysis of a variety of rock-forming silicates.     

聚合物微晶尺寸和晶格畸变

聚合物微晶尺寸和晶格畸变是对聚合物材料性能有着重要影响的结构参数。本文介绍了应用Ｘ射线衍射方法测定聚合物微晶尺寸和结构畸变的几种方法：近似函数、次晶模型法、方差法、矩法。     

On-Line Standard Addition Technique for the Determination of Elements in the Samples with High Dissolved Solids by ICP-OES: Application to Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Geological Samples

A simple and rapid on-line standard addition method for analysis of samples with high dissolved solids by ICP-OES is reported. The method involves on-line addition of standard solutions to the sample using a T-piece, prior to the sample introduction system. The standard addition method is commonly used in the analysis of samples with complex matrices. However, the conventional standard addition method is a tedious and time-consuming process. Therefore, in this study, on-line standard addition technique was offered to significantly decrease the analysis time and increase the simplicity of the standard addition method. The performance of the proposed method was tested by determination of rare earth elements in geological samples. This method showed a high level of accuracy in comparison with external calibration and internal standard addition methods.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中金时样品前处理条件的优化

依据地球化学样品分析方法第4部分:金量的测定泡塑富集-电感耦合等离子体质谱法。在大量实践的基础上总结了样品前处理过程中样品的焙烧、溶样、振荡吸附、解脱时间的合理控制,以及样品分析前处理过程中的一些操作注意事项。最终确定样品焙烧时间1h,溶样时间40min,震荡吸附时间30min,硫脲水浴解脱时间30min。经过对大批量实验样品及国家一级金标准物质测定验证后得出:适当优化条件可以满足绝大多数样品的分析准确度、精密度等质控分析要求,并且可以提高分析效率。尤其对于大批量分析任务,如区域化学地质普查。可以在相同的实验设备、人员配备的基础上,提高分析效率,降低能耗。     

ICP-AES法测定进口铜精矿中有害元素

研究了ICP-AES法测定进口铜精矿中铅、锌、钴、镍、镁、镉、砷、锑、铋、汞的含量，采用测定标样、加标回收试验，并与AAS方法比较和参加全国水平测试等多种方法对该方法进行考察，证明该方法准确可靠、简便快速，可用于进口铜精矿的快速检验。