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半芳香共聚酰胺的合成及热稳定性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用熔融缩聚法, 合成了长碳链聚酰胺(PA1212)与聚对苯二甲酰十二碳二胺(PA12T)的新型半芳香共聚酰胺, 用FTIR, 1H NMR和DSC对产物结构进行了表征. 通过热重分析研究了共聚酰胺在N2气氛中以不同升温速率β升温时的热降解过程与机理. 结果表明PA1212/12T的降解为一步过程, 随着β的增大, 平衡降解温度线性升高. 用Kissinger和Flynn-Wall-Ozawa两种方法求得PA1212/12T的热降解表观活化能分别为126.9和127.9 kJ/mol. 用Coats-Redfern法证明了PA1212/12T的热降解机理为Deceleration类型中的R1或F3降解机理. 相似文献
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《高分子通报》2021,(1):1-9
聚对苯二甲酰癸二胺(PA10T)是我国自主开发的一种新型生物基耐高温尼龙,具有优异的力学性能、耐热性、耐磨性、尺寸稳定性、耐化学腐蚀性、抗水解性和良好的加工性能,且吸水率低,应用前景广阔,是近几年发展较快的一种特种工程塑料。对PA10T的改性研究一直是学术界和产业界关注的重点,本文综述了2015——2020年间国内外关于PA10T改性研究最新发展情况。主要从制备方法(原位共聚、熔融共混、协同改性)和性能(结晶、力学、热氧老化、阻燃、流变、透光和综合性能)等方面重点阐述,详细分析了PA10T科研和产业发展现状,并展望了PA10T的未来改性发展方向和潜在应用领域。 相似文献
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以4,4'-二胺基二环己基甲烷、十二碳二酸、己二酸己二胺盐为反应单体制备了(亚氨基-1,4-亚环己基亚甲基-1,4-亚环己基亚氨基十二碳二酰)-co-(亚氨基亚己基亚氨基己二酰)共聚物材料(PACM12-PA66),并研究了其光学性能和力学性能.光学性能研究表明,当PACM12含量高于40%时,为可见光(400~800 nm)透光度良好的高分子材料,其透光度与纯PA PACM12材料相当;共聚物材料的折光指数随PACM12含量的降低而略微增加.XRD结果分析表明,随PACM12含量的降低共聚物材料的晶粒尺寸变大,这是透光度降低的原因.力学性能研究表明,共聚物材料拉伸强度和冲击强度随PACM12含量的降低而增加.当PACM12含量为40%时,共聚物材料拉伸强度值(64.28 MPa)和冲击强度值(14 kJ/m2)分别比纯PACM12材料提高了16%和33%. 相似文献
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以尿素和二氰二胺为原料热聚合得到石墨相氮化碳,分别采用直接二次煅烧和熔盐离子热后热处理在不同温度下对产物进行后热处理,得到氮缺陷氮化碳CN和CNS。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、透射电镜(TEM)等手段对所制备样品进行表征和分析,探讨了不同热处理温度和加热方法对催化剂微观聚合结构的影响;同时以光解水制氢为测试方法,考察了催化剂的可见光催化性能。结果表明,熔盐离子热更有利于氮化碳的层间聚合,得到高结晶度材料;在面内七嗪聚合单元中引入氮缺陷,产生末端氰基,优化电荷密度分布,增强电荷流动性;克服粒子尺寸效应,扩展催化剂的光吸收范围;当后热处理温度为500℃时,制备的CNS-500表现出优异的光解水制氢活性,是同温度下直接热处理得到的催化剂的3.84倍。 相似文献
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In this work, vapor-liquid equilibrium data of the ethanol–water–glycerol system were measured in an Othmer-type ebulliometer at normal pressure. The choice for this system was due to the importance of the ethanol–water separation. The samples analyses were done in a digital densimeter, and the methodology was previously validated with data available in the literature. Since the mean relative deviation was less than 5% in temperature and vapor composition, new data from mixtures of ethanol–water–glycerol were obtained. The experiments showed that glycerol is a promising solvent to ethanol dehydration since it eliminates the azeotrope and promotes the production of anhydrous ethanol. A thermodynamic model for this system was developed using the NRTL model to describe the non-ideality of the liquid phase. The modeling results were compared with experimental data and the deviations were lower than 7%. In this way, the model developed in this work can be used for simulation of ethanol dehydration. 相似文献
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Jing Zhang Yu Jin Yanfang Liu Yuansheng Xiao Jiatao Feng Xingya Xue Xiuli Zhang Xinmiao Liang 《Journal of separation science》2009,32(12):2084-2089
An effective method utilizing the same RP chromatographic column with different pH in first and second LC dimensions has been developed for separation of the basic compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this work, the alkaloids in Corydalis yanhusuo which is an important TCM were selected as a model to develop the method. The additives and pH values of the mobile phase were optimized in this work. To investigate the feasibility of this method, off-line mode separation was performed in the experiments. According to the UV-absorption intensity, there were eight fractions collected in acidic conditions. All the fractions were analyzed in basic conditions. The results showed that the chromatographic selectivities were significantly different in the separations performed with acidic and alkaline elution systems. Complementary separation was achieved in this work. It is demonstrated that this method would be an effective tool for alkaloids research. Based on the different pH of the mobile phase in this method, it could also be suitable to analyze compounds which were sensible to the pH of the solution. 相似文献
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《Physics and Chemistry of Liquids》2012,50(3):225-240
Excess enthalpy data measured at 298.15 K were collected from the literature. The data contains 48 binary systems (812 data points). The experimental data were correlated by the Redlich-Kister equation. In this research work the following thermodynamics models were also tested, Wilson, NRTL models and their parameters were calculated. A modified NRTL with composition-dependent ( f 12 ) parameter were also proposed. The correlation of excess enthalpy data in the systems using this model provides good results. 相似文献
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GC-CI-MS-SIM方法诊断新生儿苯丙酮尿症 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
苯丙酮尿症 (PKU)的发病原因是患者苯丙氨酸羟化酶的缺陷 ,从而导致体内苯丙氨酸 (Phe)不能正常代谢为酪氨酸 (Tyr) ,前者在体内大量堆积并氧化为有害的苯丙酮酸 .PKU是目前筛查范围最广的氨基酸代谢遗传疾病 ,全世界每年约有一千万婴儿接受 PKU筛查 ;在中国 PKU也是卫生部要求重点筛查的病种[1] .目前常规筛查方法是细菌抑制法 (BIA) ,它的特点是费用低、速度慢、容易产生假阳性 ;Chace等 [2 ,3] 报道了 MS- MS方法筛查新生儿 PKU.曲峻等 [4 ] 发展了 Chace的方法 ,采用 HPLC与MS- MS联用方法 (LC- MS- MS)筛查新生儿 PK… 相似文献
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基于单晶硅中Si的四面体成键特征及对其结构单元的替换修饰,我们设计了一种类单晶硅结构的新材料-C_(40)H_(16)Si_2。通过广泛的第一性原理计算,研究了这类材料的电子性质、力学性质和光学性质。计算结果表明,这种新材料具有好的热力学稳定性和机械稳定性。该材料的禁带宽度为3.32 eV,价带底和导带顶都位于Gamma点,是直接带隙宽禁带半导体材料。该材料的维氏硬度和密度非常小,不到单晶硅的十分之一,是一类低密度的柔性多孔材料。此外,该材料在紫外光区有强的吸收,有望应用于蓝绿光发光二极管。 相似文献
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异辛醇中酶催化高效合成阿莫西林的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过比较6种有机溶剂作为反应介质时对阿莫西林合成的影响,发现反应介质在保持酶的催化活性和稳定性方面发挥着非常重要的作用,确定异辛醇为酶催化合成阿莫西林的反应介质.通过研究不同温度下异辛醇中酶催化合成阿莫西林的时间曲线,确定了最佳反应温度和反应时间,通过对底物浓度和酶浓度进行响应面优化,最终得到阿莫西林合成的最优反应条件,在最优条件下可得到91.37%的最大阿莫西林产率. 相似文献
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Toshiyuki OhfusaAtsushi Nishida 《Tetrahedron》2011,67(10):1893-1906
Several bicyclic compounds were synthesized by the Diels-Alder reaction using aminodiene and a cyclic dienophile. The stereochemistries of the obtained adducts were determined by X-ray crystallography or NMR analysis. The stereoselectivity of this Diels-Alder reaction was based on the interaction of molecular orbitals between the diene and dienophile. The reactivities of these Diels-Alder reactions were estimated, and the generality of this reaction is discussed. 相似文献
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南海红树内生真菌1947号次级代谢产物的研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
红树植物是一类生长于潮间带的乔灌木的通称。近年来,国内外对红树内生真菌代谢产物的研究呈快速发展趋势。本课题组自上世纪90年代以来开始研究南海红树内生真菌代谢产物,迄今已从南海红树内生真菌分离得到许多有意义的代谢产物[1-5]。编号为1947号的内生真菌分离自香港江口红 相似文献