ODA—H2O2—HRP偶合反应伏安酶联免疫分析检测植物病毒GTV,TAV和PVY

将邻联茴香胺（ＯＤＡ）－Ｈ２Ｏ２－辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）偶合反应伏安酶联免疫分析新体系，应用于植物病毒葡萄扇叶病毒（ＧＦＶ）、番茄不孕病毒（ＴＡＶ）和马铃薯Ｙ病毒（ＰＶＹ）的测定。该法对以上各种植物病毒叶澄清液的测定的稀释比均高于酶联免疫吸附分析（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法，检测范围均宽于ＥＬＩＳＡ法。     

用OPD-H 2 O 2-HRP伏安酶联免疫法检测植物病毒ArMV、C MV、SBMV和TuMV*

首次将邻苯二胺（ＯＰＤ）－Ｈ２Ｏ２－辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）伏安酶联免疫分析体系,应用于植物病毒南芥菜花叶病毒（ＡｒＭＶ）,黄瓜花叶病毒（ＣＭＶ）,南方菜豆花叶病毒（ＳＢＭＶ）和芜箐花叶病毒的血清学检测。该法测定以上植物病毒感染病叶澄清液的最高稀释比（体积比）分别为１：５００００００,１：５０００００;１：２５０００００和１：２５００００,而酶联免疫吸附分析（ＥＬＩＳＡ）测定的最高稀释比分别为１：     

ODA_H_2O_2-HRP偶合反应伏安酶联免疫分析检测植物病毒GFV、TAV和PVY

将邻联茴香胺（ＯＤＡ）＿Ｈ２Ｏ２＿辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）偶合反应伏安酶联免疫分析新体系，应用于植物病毒葡萄扇叶病毒（ｇｒａｐｅｖｉｎｅｆａｎｌｅａｆｖｉｒｕｓ，ＧＦＶ）、番茄不孕病毒（ｔｏｍａｔｏａｓｐｅｒｍｙｖｉｒｕｓ，ＴＡＶ）和马铃薯Ｙ病毒（ｐｏｔａｔｏｖｉｒｕｓＹ，ＰＶＹ）的测定。该法对以上各种植物病毒叶澄清液的测定的稀释比均高于酶联免疫吸附分析（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法，检测范围均宽于ＥＬＩＳＡ法。     

生孢噬纤维细菌CMC酶的酶学性质研究

从生孢噬纤维细菌(Sporocytophaga)的发酵上清液中分离纯化得到了一个具有CMC酶活性的组分.研究表明:该CMC酶组分的相对分子质量为8.2×104;其最适反应温度为50℃,最适反应pH值为5.0;Zn2+对该CMC酶有抑制作用,Fe2+对该酶有微弱的促进作用;该CMC酶组分的CD光谱显示,β折叠结构是该CMC酶具有酶活的天然构象的主要结构.     

古细菌Aeropyrum pernix K1超嗜热酯酶APE1547的稳定性

研究了纯化的超嗜热酯酶APE1547的稳定性. 结果表明, 该酶的稳定性非常好, 蛋白的质量浓度为0.4 mg/mL时, 90 ℃的半衰期为20 h, 0.2 mg/mL时的半衰期为12 h; 而蛋白的质量浓度为0.04 mg/mL时, 保温2.5 h时残余活力仍在50%以上. 同时还研究了热变性时该酶表面疏水氨基酸的变化. 该酶的pH稳定性也很好, pH在6.5-9.0范围内作用24 h, 酶依然很稳定, 残余酶活力大于93％; 同时该酶还具有很强的耐有机溶剂的特性.     

多层开管毛细管酶反应器的制备及在蛋白质酶切中的应用

以石英毛细管作为酶固定化的载体, 在毛细管内壁上逐步合成树枝形大分子聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM), 再通过交联剂戊二醛将胰蛋白酶直接键合到该大分子的末端氨基上, 并对酶固定化条件进行了优化, 制备了多层酶反应器. 利用该酶反应器对马心细胞色素C等蛋白质进行了酶切, 并对酶切的条件进行了优化. 实验结果表明, 该固定化酶反应器具有较高的酶切效率、良好的重现性和稳定性, 可用于蛋白质组学的研究.     

新一代纯天然澄清剂：ZTC系列天然澄清剂

新一代纯天然澄清剂ＺＴＣ系列天然澄清剂李朝兴（南开大学高分子化学研究所，天津３０００７１）ＺＴＣ系列天然澄清剂是从食品中提取的天然高分子物质，是替代聚丙烯酰胺，聚合铝等人工合成絮凝齐的理想品种，也是中草药制备水提酒沉工艺中乙醇的理想替代品，该产品具有...     

疏水吸附法分离纯化α—淀粉酶

本文报道了一种从发酵液中分离纯化α—淀粉酶的新方法。α—淀粉酶发酵液用两种高分子量的絮凝剂澄清,滤液用一种国产吸附树脂吸附,然后用40％乙醇洗脱,所得酶粉的活性约为60000U/g。产率64.22％。     

基于温敏型材料的固定化酶的制备及其在蛋白质组快速分析中的应用

蛋白质组学通过规模化鉴定、分析从细胞、组织或有机体中提取的蛋白质,从而获得蛋白表达、修饰、组成和定量的变化信息。在目前最为有效的“鸟枪法”蛋白质组学策略中,固定化酶试剂基质常用固相载体材料,该固定化酶试剂在酶解蛋白质时为异相体系,存在固液界面传质阻力和空间位阻,限制了酶解效率和样品处理通量。针对这一技术瓶颈,本研究利用温敏聚合物对外界温度变化的响应能力,制备了一种新型的基于可溶性温敏聚合物的固定化胰蛋白酶试剂。该固定化酶特有的温度敏感特性,使其具有“高温均相酶解,低温异相分离”的特色,且兼具酶切时间显著缩短、酶可重复利用的优势。 BSA 1 min固定化酶解产物肽段的氨基酸序列覆盖率可达94%,高于传统溶液酶解12 h所得覆盖率为(74%)。进一步将该固定化酶试剂应用于HeLa细胞全蛋白质组的酶解,其酶解效果与相同条件下溶液酶解12 h相当。该固定化酶试剂对复杂蛋白质的快速、高效酶解充分证明其在蛋白质组学研究中的应用潜力。     

活性白土/羧甲基壳聚糖复合物对蔬菜汁的澄清作用

以氯乙酸为交联剂,通过交联作用制备了羧甲基壳聚糖.将活性白土与羧甲基壳聚糖复合制得活性白土/羧甲基壳聚糖复合物.通过红外光谱、热重、X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜对所制备的复合物进行表征.结果显示,羧甲基壳聚糖插入到活性白土的片层结构中,形成了结构稳定的复合物;并呈现有序的链状结构.利用单因素法考察了复合物对不同蔬菜汁澄清度的作用,结果表明:该复合物对番茄汁、姜汁和芹菜汁均有较好的澄清效果,澄清度达到80%以上,优于活性白土、壳聚糖和羧甲基壳聚糖对蔬菜汁的澄清作用.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.