纳米Fe3O4分离富集-悬浮进样-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定砷形态

研究了以纳米Fe3O4为固相吸附剂对痕量无机砷形态的吸附与分离富集,建立了无需洗脱分离的悬浮进样-氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定砷形态的方法。选择的反应体系为0.64 g/L Fe3O4悬浮液-1.0%(m/V)NaBH4溶液-5.0%(V/V)HCl(pH 8),进样5.0 mL时,得到本方法的检出限为13.5 ng/L;As(Ⅲ)浓度在0.05～3.5μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系;测定0.5μg/L As(Ⅲ)的精密度RSD=3.4%。用国家标准物质GBW10010(大米)验证了本方法测定砷的准确性,测定结果(0.101±0.010μg/g)与标准值(0.102±0.008μg/g)吻合。采用本方法测定了近海海水和雪水样品中的无机砷形态,并进行了加标回收实验。对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的加标回收率在95%～110%之间,结果令人满意。     

四氧化三铁/单壁碳纳米管磁性复合纳米粒子分散固相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中的香精添加剂

通过化学键合的方法制备单壁碳纳米管包覆的四氧化三铁(Fe3O4/C N T s)磁性复合纳米粒子。首先用水热法合成磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子,并进行硅烷氨基化处理,羧基化的单壁碳纳米管通过1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺(EDC)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)交联剂反应修饰到Fe3O4纳米颗粒表面。合成的Fe3O4/C N T s复合纳米粒子具有很高的磁响应度和很好的分散能力,是一种很好的分散固相萃取剂。本研究将合成的Fe3O4/C N T s纳米粒子用于分散固相微萃取富集牛奶中的香精添加剂,并与高效液相色谱分析联用,实现了香兰素和乙基香兰素的快速高效富集和高灵敏度检测,两者的检出限达10μg/L,回收率大于92%。本研究表明,合成的Fe3O4/C N T s磁性复合粒子是一种很好的奶制品中香兰素添加剂的样品前处理富集材料。     

新型磁性纳米金修饰过氧化氢生物传感器的研制

利用共沉淀法合成纳米Fe3O4颗粒,将半胱氨酸吸附到纳米Fe3O4微粒表面,借助半胱氨酸的巯基(-SH)对纳米金的强烈吸附,使纳米金自组装到磁性颗粒上,再通过静电吸附作用自组装辣根过氧化酶(HRP),合成了Fe3O4/Cys/Au/HRP纳米复合粒子,最后通过磁力将其修饰到固体石蜡碳糊电极表面,制得新型过氧化氢生物传感器.以对苯二酚作为电子媒介,用计时电流法对H2O2进行测定,线性范围为2.4 X10-3～6.0×10-6mol/L,检出限(S/N=3)为2.5 X 10-6mol/L,响应时间小于10 s.磁性纳米微粒Fe3O4/Cys/Au能够高效地保持HRP的生物活性.该新型传感器已用于实际样品测定.     

磁固相萃取技术应用于主流烟气中烟草特有N-亚硝胺的测定

合成了甲基丙烯酸改性的Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒(Fe3O4@Si O2@MAA),建立了磁固相萃取技术与高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用检测主流烟气中烟草特有N-亚硝胺(TSNAs)的方法。该方法通过加入磁性纳米颗粒对萃取液中TSNAs进行富集,洗脱液在HPLC-MS/MS多反应监测模式下进行检测,可满足低焦油和新型烟草制品等低含量TSNAs的检测要求。结果表明:Fe3O4@Si O2@MAA纳米颗粒粒径均一,分散性好,具有超顺磁性,其表面的羧基可吸附溶液中的TSNAs,实现分离富集;该前处理方法操作快速简便,适用于大批量样品分析;4种烟草特有N-亚硝胺的定量下限为0.10~0.48μg/L,加标回收率为88.3%~112.8%,该方法满足复杂烟气背景下痕量TSNAs的检测要求。     

超顺磁性Fe_3O_4/Au@Ag复合材料的合成及其SERS性能研究

利用溶剂热法和种子生长法分别合成Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子和Au@Ag核壳纳米粒子,利用静电吸附方法成功将聚乙酰亚胺(PEI)修饰到Fe3O4表面并通过N—Ag共价键将Au@Ag核壳纳米粒子组装到Fe3O4表面,制备Fe3O4/Au@Ag复合材料.通过控制Au@Ag复合粒子的加入量,来调节Fe3O4/Au@Ag复合材料的表面增强拉曼(SERS)活性.以对巯基苯胺(p-ATP)为拉曼活性探针分子来考察该复合纳米材料的SERS性能,检测限可以低至2×10-9 mol/L.同时,将该复合材料应用于农药分子福美双的检测,检测限可以低至10-6 mol/L.这种功能性复合材料既具有良好的SERS活性,又具有Fe3O4磁性内核,可以通过外加磁场实现对待测分子的分离、富集,具有更广泛的应用前景.     

磁性石墨烯固相萃取/原子吸收法测定环境水样中的痕量铜

以1-(2-吡咯偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)为络合剂络合水样中的痕量铜,以磁性石墨烯(G)纳米材料为固相萃取吸附剂,建立了测定水样中痕量铜的磁性固相萃取/火焰原子吸收分光光度法。此方法将磁性石墨烯比表面积大、吸附性能好的优点与Fe3O4纳米粒子的磁性相结合,采用的磁性固相萃取避免了传统固相萃取中离心和过滤等繁琐的操作步骤。对影响G-Fe3O4萃取效率的实验因素进行了优化。在优化实验条件下,对铜离子的富集倍数为80.4倍,线性范围为0.5～100μg/L,相关系数(r)为0.998 1,检出限为0.067μg/L,相对标准偏差为2.1%～5.2%。此方法成功地应用于矿泉水、自来水、公园湖水中铜离子含量的测定,其加标回收率为94%～103%。结果表明,该磁性石墨烯纳米材料G-Fe3O4对水样品中铜的PAN络合物具有较高的富集能力。     

基于混合吸附剂磁性固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水中磺胺和喹诺酮类抗生素残留

通过制备磁性大孔有机共聚物材料(Fe3O4@SiO2@PLS)和磁性金属有机骨架材料(Fe3O4@ZIF-8),将两种材料同时作为磁性吸附剂,建立了混合吸附剂磁性固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱(MSPE/HPLC-MS/MS)测定水中4种磺胺类和8种喹诺酮类抗生素残留的分析方法.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和X-射线衍射仪(XRD)对两种磁性材料进行表面形貌和结构表征,结果显示,亲水亲脂大孔有机共聚物(PLS)包覆于磁性纳米粒子Fe3O4表面,且Fe3O4成功附着于正六边形金属有机骨架材料(ZIF-8)晶体表面,可以满足磁性固相萃取的要求.通过优化吸附剂用量、萃取方式、吸附时间、样品pH值、洗脱剂种类及洗脱时间,在最优的实验条件下,12种目标物的线性范围为0.5～10μg/L,相关系数(r2)为0.9961～0.9998,检出限(S/N=3)为0.01～0.14μg/L,定量下限(S/N=10)为0.04～0.45μg/L.所建方法成功用于水中12种目标抗生素的检测,在3个加标水平下的回收率为75.0％～107％,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.50％～5.5％.该方法适用于水中痕量磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素残留的分析.     

纳米B2O3/TiO2复合材料的制备及其对痕量银的分离富集性能研究与应用

制备了新型纳米B2O3/TiO2吸附材料,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)及红外光谱(IR)对其进行表征,优化了纳米B2O3/TiO2复合材料对试液中痕量银的吸附和解吸条件,建立了纳米B2O3/TiO2分离富集-原子吸收光谱测定痕量银的新方法。当pH 4.3时,在22℃下振荡20 min,Ag+能被该材料快速吸附,其静态饱和吸附容量为11.72 mg/g,吸附在纳米B2O3/TiO2上的Ag+可用0.1 mol/L HNO3-0.05 mol/L硫脲(1∶4)完全洗脱。该方法的检出限为2.01μg/L,线性范围为0.01～4.00 mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.8%,加标回收率为95%～105%。方法应用于实际矿渣样品中痕量银的测定,结果满意。     

Fe304@C/Pt复合纳米粒子的原位合成及其催化性质的研究

采用水热方法分别合成了Fe304磁性内核以及Fe3O4@C粒子.并原位合成了Fe3O4@C/Pt复合纳米结构,采用SEM,TEM红外光谱,Raman光谱等手段进行了相关表征.研究了纯Pt纳米粒子以及Fe3O4@C/Pt复合纳米结构催化硼氢化钠(NaBH4)还原对硝基苯酚(4-NP)的反应活性,并利用外加磁场富集的方式对...     

真空蒸馏预富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铂

建立了真空蒸馏预富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铅试样中微量铂的方法.在真空条件下,利用Pb和Pt在较高温度下蒸汽压的差别进行分离,富集后的铂溶解制成溶液后进行电感耦合等离子体发射光谱检测,实现了真空密闭回收铅.针对试样的特点,对真空蒸馏方法理论上的可行性进行研究.结果表明:在蒸馏温度为1250 K,真空度为30 Pa,蒸馏时间为3 h条件下,铂的富集分离效果最好,可富集至99.01%以上.线性范围为0.023～20 mg/L,检出限(3σ)为0.0069 mg/L,对样品测定的相对标准偏差为1.7%(n=6).用本方法对样品中加入的铂标准溶液进行了测定,回收率为99.8%～103.0%.本方法简便快速、无污染,已应用于废电路板贵金属冶余物料中铂的测定.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.     

Copper-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of 2-iodoanilines,benzylamines, and elemental sulfur toward 2-arylbenzothiazoles

A relatively cheap copper salt-catalyzed, three-component approach providing 2-arylbenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields from readily available 2-iodoanilines, benzylamines, and sulfur powder is reported. This methodology allows preparation of various classes of 2-arylbenzothiazoles and provides a general, reliable approach.