共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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自振荡高分子是基于Belousov-Zhabotinsky自振荡反应(BZ反应)设计的一类新型智能高分子,其物理、化学性质可以在相对封闭且无外界刺激的BZ反应溶液中发生自主、可逆和循环的变化。本文从概念、设计原理、设计方法及潜在应用4个方面系统介绍了自振荡高分子,其中重点结合自振荡高分子的化学结构设计与物理结构设计介绍了这一领域的研究进展:详细归纳了目前已成功制备的具有不同化学结构或物理结构的自振荡高分子或凝胶,阐述了不同的设计方法的优点、存在的问题及可能的解决办法,最后介绍了自振荡高分子在自动运输智能表面、凝胶机器人、自主转动马达等方面的设计实例,并分析了该领域面临的问题及今后发展趋势。 相似文献
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智能纤维在材料领域中具有重要的地位和独特的用途.本文综述了智能纤维的总体设计思路,包括仿生学、分子设计和复合技术;讨论了智能纤维的主要制备技术,包括智能成纤聚合物直接纺丝、接枝共聚、交联、共混与添加、复合纺丝与杂化、高分子化学反应以及后处理等;并建议我国应该重视智能纤维的研究开发. 相似文献
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化学自振荡反应驱动的智能高分子材料常被称为自振荡高分子材料(self-oscillating polymer materials, SOPMs),其中以Belousov-Zhabotinsky(BZ)反应驱动的SOPMs研究最为深入,为高分子材料领域的一大研究热点。与传统智能高分子材料不同,SOPMs体系具有高度的自调节性,即可以不需要外界“开-关”转换的刺激就能自动、可逆、周期性地发生状态转变。本文结合SOPMs的最新研究结果,介绍该类材料在新型拓扑结构设计和仿生功能研究两个方面的新思想和新方法。在拓扑结构设计方面,主要介绍梳形自振荡高分子凝胶、“聚轮烷”互锁自振荡高分子凝胶、多级结构自振荡高分子凝胶、超级交联自振荡高分子凝胶、支化自振荡高分子、自振荡高分子刷以及嵌段自振荡高分子材料。在仿生功能研究方面,主要阐述自振荡高分子囊泡、人工细胞、自主肠状运动、趋光避光运动。最后,对SOPMs今后的发展作了展望。 相似文献
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文中讨论了聚合物环境响应的多样性,此响应性可借表面改性和形成多组分聚合物以结构参数而有效地控制。响应性与生物医学材料的血液相容性及既适合极性又可用于非极性基材的粘合剂的智能特性相关。 相似文献
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本征导电聚合物的智能性 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
在化学掺杂或电化学掺杂过程中,性质发生可逆性变化的本征导电聚合物是一种潜在的智能材料,可望实现或部分实现传感、处理和执竽功能,适于制成电机执行器、智能窗、化学分离与释放体系、传感器和非线性光学器件等。 相似文献
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纤维及织物因具有良好的柔性、透气性以及适宜的力学性能而成为人们日常生活必不可少的材料。随着柔性电子器件的快速发展,纤维及织物在其自身优势的基础上,开始被人们赋予智能化特征,使得智能纤维和织物逐渐在可穿戴领域占据一席之地。天然蚕丝具有产量大、机械性能优异和生物可降解的优势。近年来,面向智能应用的蚕丝基纤维与织物逐渐发展,被用于传感、致动、光学器件、能量收集和储能等领域。本文将首先介绍天然蚕丝的层级结构和性能,并介绍各种形貌结构的再生蚕丝材料;然后根据其在智能纤维及织物中应用领域的不同,详细阐述蚕丝基智能纤维及织物的制备方法、性能及工作机制;最后讨论进一步发展所面临的挑战与机会,并对未来前景进行展望。 相似文献
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The intelligent controlled drug delivery systems (DDS) are a series of the preparations including microcapsules or nanocapsules composed of intelligent polymers and medication. The properties of preparations can change with the external stimuli, such as pH value, temperature,chemical substance, light, electricity and magnetism etc. According to this properties, the DDS can be intelligently controlled. This paper has reviemed research on syntheses and applications of intelligent controlled DDS of polymer carriers.Drug delivery system with pH stimuliThe volume of polymer hydrogel can change with the pH value of external environment. The sensitive polymer hydrogels to pH are often as carriers. The polymer hydrogel carrying medicine is especially suitable for taking orally. In order to protect medicine from losing activation, we enwrapped medicine into polymer hydrogel with acidic group. In the acidic environment of stomach,the volume of polymer hydrogel contracts because of the hydrogen bond. The medicine in the polymer hydrogel cannot disperse out. When it goes to the intestine of basic environment, the hydrogen bond will be broken, and the medicine can release.Drug delivery system with temperatureTemperature sensitive polymer hydrogel can change its volume with changing of environmental temperature. This kind of polymer hydrogel can be also used as a carrier of medicine. At a low temperature, the polymer chains form hydrogen bond with water to swell to let medicine disperse out from the hydrogel. On the other hand, the hydrogen bond will be broken and polymer chain will lose water to contract with temperature's increasing. And the medicine will not disperse out. For example,the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAAm) is the hydrogel that is swelled at lower temperature and contracted at higher temperature. PNIPAAm has the lower critical solution temperature(LCST).We can adjust its LCST to control PNIPAAm hydrogel's swelling or contraction to let medicine release or not.Drug delivery system with other stimuliThe polymer carrier drug delivery system can be intelligently controlled with the stimuli of pH value and temperature. In addition, there are still some other stimuli for DDS. For example, DDS with light; DDS with electricity(or electric field); DDS with magnetism(magnetic field); DDS with chemical substance; etc. The characteristic of intelligent polymer carrier is based on P.J.Flory's gel-swelling theory. Intelligent polymer carrier DDS will be widely used in biological and medical fields. 相似文献
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原子转移自由基聚合在智能型水凝胶制备中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分别对原子转移自由基聚合和智能型水凝胶两者进行了综述,分析总结了利用原子转移自由基聚合制备智能型水凝胶方面的应用情况,并对其前景作了一定的展望. 相似文献
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The reform of analytical chemistry laboratory teaching model was studied to implement personalized, interactive and intelligent analytical chemistry laboratory teaching, so that students learn to learn, explore, and innovate. Through intelligent teaching model, the efficiency of students' independent learning and the information literacy were enhanced, the dive for study was motivated, the excellence and achievement of teaching, as well as the participation and concentration of students were all effectively improved. 相似文献