铝镁混合金属氢氧化物溶胶阴离子交换性能研究

本文研究了电解质对铝镁混合金属氢氧化物（Ａｌ－ＭｇＭＭＨ）溶胶粒子中Ｃｌ－和ＯＨ－的阴离子交换性能。在所研究的电解质ＮａＮＯ３，ＨＣＯＯＮａ，ＣＨ３ＣＯＯＮａ，Ｎａ２ＣＯ３，Ｎａ２ＳＯ４和Ｎａ３ＰＯ４中，发现高价阴离子的交换能力大于低价阴离子的交换能力，无机阴离子的交换能力大于有机阴离子的交换能力。所研究Ａｌ－ＭｇＭＭＨ溶胶粒子的阴离子交换容量为２．８２ｍｍｏｌ／ｇ，比粘土粒子的阳离子交换容量大得多。     

液相沉淀法在有机溶剂中制备ZrO2超细粒子的研究

以氧氯化锆（ＺｒＯＣｌ２·８Ｈ２Ｏ）为原料在有机溶剂中用液相沉淀法制备了ＺｒＯ２超细粒子，运用透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、差热热重（ＤＴＡＴＧ）等分析手段对粉体ＺｒＯ２进行了表征。结果表明，ＺｒＯ２粒子颗粒均匀、分散性良好，平均粒径为２５ｎｍ。实验还发现，制备过程在有机溶剂中进行，并采用低温热处理的方法可以有效地排除溶胶中水的影响，从而消除了合成粉体中硬团聚体生成的现象。     

超细镍基催化剂上CH4-CO2重整反应的性能 Ⅱ.制备方法对催化性能及积碳性能的影响

采用溶胶－凝胶法和超临界干燥（ＳＣＤ）技术制备了超细二元ＮｉＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和三元ＮｉＯ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂,并以浸渍超细氧化铝载体和普通氧化铝载体制得的二元和三元催化剂为对比,考察了不同制备方法对催化剂上ＣＨ４－ＣＯ２重整反应性能的影响。结果表明,超细催化剂表现出很高的高温催化活性、选择性和显著的抗积碳能力,即使不含助剂的超细二元催化剂也明显优于含镧助剂的负载三元催化剂,而含镧的超细三元     

氢氧化铝镁正电溶胶稳定性研究

氢氧化铝镁正电溶胶 (以下简称溶胶 )是近几年研制开发的一种新型正电溶胶 ,在油田、化妆品、涂料、污水处理等领域具有广阔的应用前景 .我们曾对溶胶制备、组成、结构[1～ 4] 及其在油田钻井液中的应用做了大量研究工作[5 ,6] ,但关于溶胶的稳定性研究尚少 .本文从恒表面电荷密度模型出发 ,对溶胶进行了近似处理 ,得到了势能曲线 ,并采取动态法研究了无机电解质对溶胶的聚沉规律 .1　实验部分1 .1　氢氧化铝镁正电溶胶的合成　按文献 [1 ]非稳态共沉淀法制备 ,ＡｌＣｌ3·6Ｈ2 Ｏ与ＭｇＣｌ2 ·6Ｈ2 Ｏ的物质的量比为 1∶1 .1 .2　组成和电…     

煤裂解过程中负载铁化学形态的变化

应用ＥＸＡＦＳ、ＸＡＮＥＳ和ＸＲＤ方法研究了褐煤中负载铁在裂解过程中化学形态的变化规律。结果表明，在载ＦｅＣｌ３．６Ｈ２Ｏ煤中，铁与煤表面碳－氧官能团发生强烈的相互作用。随热处理温度的升高，铁化学形态以如下顺序递变：高分散Ｆｅ－Ｏ／Ｃ络合物，超细ＦｅＯＯＨ，晶态Ｆｅ３Ｏ４，晶还原态铁（α－Ｆｅ，（Ｆｅ，Ｃ））《     

水相法合成二氯二甲茂钛与水杨酸类配合物

Ｃｐ2 ＴｉＣｌ2 具有很好的抗癌活性 ,已成为第三代抗癌药物[1 - 3] 。为了寻求活性更高的抗癌药物 ,探索抗癌机理 ,我们用 (ＭｅＣｐ) 2 ＴｉＣｌ2 、水杨酸或其衍生物 ,按水相法合成了甲茂钛的水杨酸类配合物。合成路线如下图所示 :其中 :Ⅰ为ｐＨ <4 ,Ｘ =Ｈ ,Ｙ =Ｈ的产物 ;Ⅱ为ｐＨ <4 ,Ｘ =Ｈ ,Ｙ =ＮＯ2 的产物 ;Ⅲ为ｐＨ >6 ,Ｘ =ＮＯ2 ,Ｙ =ＮＯ2 ,Ｚ =Ｏ的产物 ;Ⅳ为ｐＨ >6 ,Ｘ =Ｈ ,Ｙ =Ｈ ,Ｚ =Ｓ的产物。 (Ⅰ～Ⅳ为新化合物 )1　实验部分1 .1　仪器与试剂水杨酸、ＴｉＣｌ4,ＡＲ ;5 -硝基水杨酸、3,5 -二硝基水杨酸、5 -磺基…     

超细纳米TiO2/Al2O3复合体的制备及其组成分布的研究

采用溶胶－凝胶法成功制备出纳米尺寸的ＴｉＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合体,并用ＸＲＤ、ＸＰＳ和ＩＲ等手段研究了复合体的结构组成及ＴｉＯ２和Ａｌ２Ｏ２的分布状态,进一步探讨了机械研磨法制备ＴｉＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合体等因素对其组成的影响。ＸＲＤ分析表明,在〔Ａｌ＾＋３〕：〔Ｔｉ＾＋３〕＝１：１（或０．５）情况下,改进的溶胶－凝胶法制备纳米ＴｉＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合体,其ＴｉＯ２主要分布在Ａｌ２Ｏ３的表面层,在含Ｔ     

溶胶-凝胶制备技术与新型催化材料Ⅲ.溶胶粒子表面修饰方法制备催化膜

提出用溶胶粒子表面修饰方法，结合溶胶－凝胶技术制备无机催化膜，该方法的基本原理是利用合适的金属配合物在胶粒表面吸附作用，经溶胶－凝胶过程，将活性组分结合到无机膜中，实验测定结果表明：（ＮｉＥＤＴＡ）＾２－，ＶＯ＾－３，ＭｏＯ＾２－４，（Ｐｄ（ＮＨ３）４＾２＋，ＰｄＣｌ＾２－４，ＰｔＣｌ＾２－６和ＲｈＣｌ＾３－６可用来修饰ＡｌＯＯＨ溶胶，以Ｐｄ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化膜的制备为例，经三次溶胶－凝胶过程，     

掺杂物对负载型ＺｒＯ２／Ａｌ２ Ｏ３的催化性能的影响

用浸渍沉淀法分别制备了负载型ＺｒＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＺｒＯ２（ＭｇＯ、Ｋ２Ｏ、ＣｅＯ２、Ｌａ２Ｏ３）／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂．用ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ、ＴＰＤ对催化剂的晶相结构、比表面积、孔径分布、表面酸碱性等进行了表征;同时以ＣＯ２和ＣＨ３ＯＨ为探针用原位红外对催化剂的吸附行为进行研究．结果表明,掺杂氧化物有效的阻止ＺｒＯ２晶粒的团聚,并提高了催化剂的比表面积和平均孔径;ＣｅＯ２的添加有利于碱性中心数的增多,Ｌａ２Ｏ３有利于酸性中心数的提高．原位红外结果表明ＣＨ３ＯＨ能在ＺｒＯ２（ＣｅＯ２、Ｌａ２Ｏ３）／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂表面发生解离吸附,而ＣＯ２在催化剂表面均出现单齿态吸附．ＣＯ２和ＣＨ３ＯＨ在常压下直接合成碳酸二甲酯（ＤＭＣ）反应中ＺｒＯ２（ＣｅＯ２、Ｌａ２Ｏ３）／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂表现出较好的催化活性和选择性．     

溶胶-凝胶制备技术与新型催化材料Ⅲ.溶胶粒子表面修饰方法制备催化膜

提出用溶胶粒子表面修饰方法，结合溶胶凝胶技术制备无机催化膜．该方法的基本原理是利用合适的金属配合物在胶粒表面的吸附作用，经溶胶凝胶过程，将活性组分结合到无机膜中．实验测定结果表明：（ＮｉＥＤＴＡ）２－，ＶＯ－３，ＭｏＯ２－４，（Ｐｄ（ＮＨ３）４）２＋，ＰｄＣｌ２－４，ＰｔＣｌ２－６和ＲｈＣｌ３－６可用来修饰ＡｌＯＯＨ溶胶．以Ｐｄ／γＡｌ２Ｏ３催化膜的制备为例，经三次溶胶凝胶过程，可制得无裂缺的厚度为９μｍ的Ｐｄ／γＡｌ２Ｏ３催化膜，膜材料的平均孔直径为６ｎｍ，Ｐｄ被均匀地分布在膜的顶层，其平均粒径为２３ｎｍ．     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物的合成及表征

三茂基镧系化合物和苯并三氮唑在四氢呋喃中反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物,经元素分析、IR和MS测定,从有关数据推测了这类配合物的可能结构。