市场

十二五期间将加大对光谱仪器投资力度"十二五"规划中,国家在科学仪器方面启动了两大专项,基金委投资6.5亿,科技部投资8.6亿,这是之前15年投资的若干倍,从资金方面来对仪器研发起到了一个很大的推进作用。其中科技部的53项中光谱相关项目占了17项,激光11项、荧光2项、X射线2项、太赫兹1项。国家的各项规划,包括"十二五"国家环境科技及标准修订的规划、工业部及工业装备司关于仪器仪表行业的发展规     

《钢铁及合金化学分析方法标准汇编》

本汇编共收集了100项钢铁及合金化学分析相关国家标准,内容包括冶金化学分析方法综合、钢铁及合金化学分析方法等。本汇编新增了7项"冶金化学分析方法综合"部分标准方法,将原"钢铁产品分析方法"部分更名为"钢铁及合金化学分析方法",并废止3项标准方法,修订3项标准方法,新增17项标准方法,现合计93项国家标准方法。本发行部还有其它标准及期刊征订。如需订购,请与上     

我国发布7项纳米材料国家标准

2005年2月28日国家质检总局和国家标准委联合发布了7项纳米材料国家标准。这是世界上首次以国家标准形式发布的纳米材料标准，7项标准均为推荐性国家标准，包括一项术语性标准、两项检测方法标准和4项产品标准，分别是：《纳米材料术语》(GB／T19619—2004)、《纳米粉末粒度分布的测定X射线小角散射法》(GB／T13221—2004)、     

工信部发布215项机械、石化、建材等行业标准公示北大核心CSCD

10月25日,工业和信息化部科技司发布215项机械、航空、船舶、化工、石化、冶金、建材、有色行业标准报批公示,为以上215项行业标准批准发布之前,进一步听取社会各界意见;公示截止日期为2018年11月25日。公示的215项标准分别为:19项航空行业标准,19项船舶行业标准,4项化工行业标准,117项机械行业标准,9项石化行业标准,14项冶金行业标准,31项建材行业标准,2项有色行业标准。117项机械行业标准中,包含加工中心、磨床、轴套等机械设备和部件的精度检验、技术条件、可靠性试验、性能试验等各项参数及其试验方法。     

原子光谱项与分子的电子光谱项

原子光谱项与分子的电子光谱项是结构化学中的重要概念之一。本文介绍了原子光谱项和分子的电子光谱项的由来,并分析了二者之间的区别和联系。     

《钢铁及合金化学分析方法标准汇编》

本汇编共收集了100项钢铁及合金化学分析相关国家标准,内容包括冶金化学分析方法综合、钢铁及合金化学分析方法等。本汇编新增了7项冶金化学分析方法综合部分标准方法,将原钢铁产品分析方法部分更名为钢铁及合金化学分析方法,并废止3项标准方法,     

环保部发布六项新标准 五项为水质检测标准

正环保部公告批准了六项标准为国家环境保护标准,其中五项为水质标准,一项为固定污染源废气标准。新标准将从2016年10月1日起实施,同时废止两项标准。(1)五项水质标准HJ 809–2016《水质亚硝胺类化合物的测定气相色谱法》:规定了测定地表水、地下水、工业废水和生活污水中亚硝胺类化合物的气相色谱法。HJ 810–2016《水质挥发性有机物的测定顶空/气相色谱–质谱法》:规定了测定地表水、地下水、生活污水、工     

科研成果向实验教学转化的探索与实践

介绍了化学综合实验改革实施的几项举措,分别从将成熟的科研成果向实验项目转化、先进仪器实训、改进教学手段及考核办法几项进行论述。     

《钢铁及合金化学分析方法标准汇编》

本汇编共收集了100项钢铁及合金化学分析相关国家标准,内容包括冶金化学分析方法综合、钢铁及合金化学分析方法等。本汇编新增了7项"冶金化学分析方法综合"部分标准方法,将原"钢铁产品分析方法"部分更名为"钢铁及合金化学分析方法",并废止3项     

庞国芳院士主持研究的79项农产品食品中多种农兽药等污染物残留检测国家标准通过审定

2008年11月12日,国家标准化管理委员会委托河北出入境检验检疫局在北京组织召开了由秦皇岛出入境检验检疫局庞国芳院士主持研究、由上海、天津、山东、广东、辽宁、河北、青海、福建、内蒙古、宁波、沈阳、湖南等13个局166名科技人员完成的79项食品安全检测技术国家标准的审定会。79项国家标准中16项为农产品食品中农药多残留检测技术标准,63项为食品中兽药残留检测技术标准;所涉及的检测方法均为色谱法或色谱-质谱联用法。     

CataLight: The Collaborative Research Center for Light-Driven Catalysis in Soft Matter

This invited Team Profile was created by the Collaborative Research Center for Light-Driven Catalysis in Soft Matter, CataLight , located at Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ulm University, Max Planck Institute of Polymer Research (MPI) and Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, University of Vienna, and the Center of Electron Microscopy, Ulm University. The authors, who include members of the Kranz and Leopold Groups , the Schacher Group , and the Streb Group , recently published an article on local measurements of light-driven activity at heterogenized water oxidation catalysts using nanoporous block copolymers: “Multimodal Analysis of Light-Driven Water Oxidation in Nanoporous Block Copolymer Membranes”, J. Kund, J.-H. Kruse, A. Gruber, I. Trentin, M. Langer, C. Read, G. Neusser, D. Blaimer, U. Rupp, C. Streb, K. Leopold, F. H. Schacher, C. Kranz, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023 , e202217196 .     

Siloxane Compounds of the Transition Metals

Heterosiloxanes of transition metals contain the characteristic grouping Si? O? X; in the compounds known so far, X may be Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, U, Re, Fe, Co, Ni, or Pt. Most of these compounds are obtained from silanols, metal silanolates, acyloxysilanes, disiloxanes, or alkoxysilanes, i.e. from compounds that already contain an Si? O bond. The transition metal may be introduced e.g. as a halide, as an organometailic compound, as an alkoxy compound, or as an oxide. Heterosiloxanes are also formed on reaction of many silicon compounds that do not contain oxygen with transition metal compounds containing oxygen. Some of these compounds, e.g. some titanosiloxanes, are very stable, whereas others decompose explosively. Oligomeric and polymeric heterosiloxanes exist in addition to the monomeric compounds.     

Photoinduced ferrimagnetic systems in Prussian blue analogues C(I)xCo4[Fe(CN)6]y (C(I) = alkali cation). 3. Control of the photo- and thermally induced electron transfer by the [Fe(CN)6] vacancies in cesium derivatives.

We synthesized a series of CoFe Prussian blue analogues along which we tuned the amount of cesium cations inserted in the tetrahedral sites of the structure. Structure and electronic structure have been investigated, combining XANES, infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction experiments, and magnetization measurements. The change of the magnetization induced by light along the series shows that the efficiency of the photoinduced magnetization, evidenced a few years ago in similar compounds by Hashimoto et al. (Sato, O.; Iyoda, T.; Fujishima, A.; Hashimoto, K. Science 1996, 272, 704-705; Sato, O.; Einaga, Y.; Iyoda, T.; Fujishima, A.; Hashimoto, K. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 144, L11-L13; Sato, O.; Einaga, Y.; Iyoda, T.; Fujishima, A.; Hashimoto, K. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 3903-3905; Einaga, Y.; Ohkoshi, S.-I.; Sato, O.; Fujishima, A.; Hashimoto, K. Chem. Lett. 1998, 585-586; and Sato, O.; Einaga, Y.; Fujishima, A.; Hashimoto, K. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 4405-4412), depends on a compromise between the number of excitable diamagnetic pairs and the amount of [Fe(CN)6] vacancies giving the network flexibility. Besides the efficiency of the photoinduced process, the amount of [Fe(CN)6] vacancies also controls a thermally induced electron transfer.     

金属有机化合物中金属-配体键能的研究进展

介绍了金属有机物质热力学研究的进展,概述了过渡金属-配体键能的基本概念、估测方式、实验和理论研究方法.收集了已测得的第三副族到第八族所有中性金属有机络合物金属-配体σ-单键绝对键焓的实验值.对第三副族及锕系元素,收集了钪-氢、钪-碳、钍-氢、钍-碳、钍-氮、钍-氧、钍-硫、钍-氯、铀-氢、铀-碳、铀-硅、铀-氧、铀-氯、铀-溴、铀-碘、钐-氢、钐-碳、钐-硅、钐-氮、钐-磷、钐-氧、钐-硫、钐-氯、钐-溴和钐-碘键的键焓.对第四副族元素,收集了钛-碳、锆-氢、锆-碳、锆-硅、锆-氮、锆-氧、锆-氯、锆-碘、铪-氢、铪-碳键的键焓.对第五副族元素,收集了钒-氢、钽-碳键的键焓.对第六副族元素,收集了铬-氢、铬-碳、铬-硅、铬-氮、铬-氙、钼-氢、钼-碳、钼-硅、钼-氮、钼-磷、钼-氯、钼-溴、钼-碘、钼-氙、钨-氢、钨-碳、钨-硅、钨-氮、钨-氩、钨-氪、钨-氙键的键焓.对第七副族元素,收集了锰-氢、锰-碳、锰-硅、锰-氧、锰-硫、锰-氯、锰-溴、锰-碘、锝-氯、锝-溴、锝-碘、铼-氢、铼-碳、铼-氯、铼-溴、铼-碘键的键焓.对第八族元素,收集了铁-氢、铁-碳、铁-氮、铁-氩、铁-氪、铁-氙、钌-氢、钌-碳、钌-磷、锇-氢、锇-碳、钴-氢、钴-碳、铑-氢、铑-碳、铱-氢、铱-碳、铱-氯、铱-溴、铱-碘、镍-碳、镍-硫、钯-碳、铂-氢、铂-碳键的键焓.但未包括平均键焓值.此外,还收集了铁-氢、铁-碳、铁-氮、铁-磷、铁-羰基、铁-亚硝基、铁-氧分子、铁-硼、铁-铝、铁-镓、铁-铟、铁-铊键的理论计算值以及金属有机片断和离子的键焓.     

A study of sorption and decomposition of ozone on microfibrous filtering materials

Decomposition of ozone on commercial and pilot filtering microfibrous materials based on polymers, glass fibers, and carbonized polymeric fibers was studied. Original Russian Text A.I. Klimuk, L.A. Obvintseva, A.D. Shepelev, V.L. Kuchaev, M.P. Dmitrieva, E.N. Ushakova, A.K. Avetisov, 2008, published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, 2008, Vol. 81, No. 4, pp. 593–597.     

纳米碳酸钙及其表面处理对等规聚丙烯结晶行为的影响

应用差示扫描量热方法研究了不同表面改性碳酸钙纳米粒子对聚丙烯 (PP)等温与非等温结晶动力学的影响 ,并研究了上述各聚丙烯结晶样品的熔融行为和晶型 .研究发现纳米碳酸钙具有明显的成核效应 ,并具有较强的诱导 β 型结晶的能力 ,而且与粒子的表面处理密切相关 .     

火焰原子吸收法测定夏枯草果穗的微量元素

使用灰化法处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定夏枯草果穗中的铬、银、锌、镍、镉、铁、铜的含量。结果表明,除Ag元素未检出外,夏枯草果穗的微量元素含量Cr、Zn、Ni、Cd、Fe、Cu分别为1．024、1．096、36．152、0．580、0．656、6．872μg/g,各元素含量由高到低顺序为：Ni,Cu,Zn,Cr,Fe,Cd,加标回收率为98．6％～115．2％,该法测定快速、简单,原子吸收光谱法测定夏枯草果穗中微量元素具有可行性。     

Book Reviews

Ion-Selective Electrodes in Analytical Chemistry, VOL. 2, H. Freiser (ed.), Plenum Press, New York, 1980.

Pesticide Analytical Methodology by John Harvey, Jr. (E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company) and Gunter Zweig (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), ACS Symposium Series 136, 406 pages (including 177 figures, 54 tables and an index of 18 pages), linen, format 235 × 160mm, ISBN 0-8412-0581-7, American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036, 1980, US38.00.

Particulates in Water, Characterization, Fate, Effects, and Removal by Michael C. Kavanaugh (James M. Montgomery, Consulting Engineers, Inc., Pasadena) and James O. Leckie (Stanford University, Stanford) ACS Advances in Chemistry Series 189, 401 pages (including 145 figures, 56 tables and an index of 11 pages), linen, format 235 × 160mm, ISBN 0-8412-0499-3, American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036, 1980, USS59.50.

Pesticide Manufacturing and Toxic Materials Control Encyclopedia Editor, M. Sittig; 810 pages, $96; 1980, Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, N.J., U.S.A. ISBN 0-8155-0814-X. Reviewed by A. de Kok, Section of Environmental Chemistry, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Dictionary of Chemical Terminology (In Five Languages–English, German, French, Polish and Russian. Edited by D. Kryt, Warsaw, Poland). Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam and New York. 1980, 612 pages, Price: US $95.00/Dfl. 195.00 ISSBN 0-444-99788-1.     

The synthesis, structure, and properties of carbon-containing nanocomposites based on nickel, palladium, and iron

Nickel, iron, palladium, and bimetallic nickel-palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon were synthesized by contactless levitation fusion of metals in a magnetic field in a flow of an inert gas containing a hydrocarbon. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and adsorption. A layered carbon shell preventing agglomeration and oxidation formed on the surface of nickel- and iron-containing particles. The size of particles depended on preparation conditions and could be of 5–15 nm. Original Russian Text ? A.E. Ermakov, M.A. Uimin, E.S. Lokteva, A.A. Mysik, S.A. Kachevskii, A.O. Turakulova, V.S Gaviko, V.V. Lunin, 2009, published in Zhurnal Fizicheskoi Khimii, 2009, Vol. 83, No. 7, pp. 1338–1345.