Pyridazine Derivatives and Related Compounds,Part 28. 1 Pyridazinesulfonamides: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity

The reaction of 3-chloropyridazine 1 with N –(un)Substituted 4-aminosulfonamides 3 gave the 3-substituted aminopyridazines 4 . Also In addition, pyridazine-3-sulfonamides 7 were prepared from the reaction of pyridazine-3-sulfonylchloride 6 with different amines. All of these derivatives have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic studies, and also were tested for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity against a variety of microorganisms.     

Syringin: A Phenylpropanoid Glycoside Compound in Cirsium brevicaule A. GRAY Root Modulates Adipogenesis

Cirsium brevicaule A. GRAY is a wild perennial herb, and its roots (CbR) have traditionally been used as both food and medicine on the Japanese islands of Okinawa and Amami. The present study evaluated the antiadipogenic effect of CbR using mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line 3T3-L1 from JCRB cell bank. Dried CbR powder was serially extracted with solvents of various polarities, and these crude extracts were tested for antiadipogenic activity. Treatment with the methanol extract of CbR showed a significant suppression of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Methanol extract of CbR was then fractionated and subjected to further activity analyses. The phenylpropanoid glycosidic molecule syringin was identified as an active compound. Syringin dose dependently suppressed lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells without cytotoxicity, and significantly reduced the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, the master regulator of adipogenesis, and other differentiation markers. It was demonstrated that syringin effectively enhanced the phosphorylation of the AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. These results indicate that syringin attenuates adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis, and promotes lipid metabolism; thus, syringin may potentially serve as a therapeutic candidate for treatment of obesity.     

Photoreaction of Benzenecarbothioamide with Aldehydes. Facile Synthesis of Tetracyclic Imidazoles.1)

Photoreaction of benzenecarbothioamide with various aldehydes in benzene solution gave 2-substituted phenanthroimidazoles.     

Inside Cover: Reactive Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Interlayer Electrical Connectivity in Three-dimensional Electronics (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 30/2023)

This study describes the development of a new type of amine-reactive superhydrophobic (RSH) film that is facilely coated on various substrates using a single-step process, while the versatility of this RSH film offers a reliable solution for efficient formation of complex and robust interlayer electrical connectivity (IEC) in 3D electronic systems. The excellent spatial controllability of surface amine modification enables the generation of vertical circuits in situ, providing a distinct way to connect circuits located on different layers. Moreover, the inherent superhydrophobicity and porosity exhibit the required anti-fouling and breathability properties, making the RSH-based IEC well-suited for applications where exposure to environmental gas and liquid contaminants is likely. This approach provides another avenue towards the development of IEC in 3D flexible integrated electronics, opening up new possibilities for the advancement of this field.     

The reaction of sulfamic acid derivatives with epoxides. 4. Hydrolysis of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylsulfamates

Under basic hydrolysis conditions 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylsulfamates transform into 2,3-dihydroxypropylsulfamates. Acidic hydrolysis of the latter leads to 3-alkylaminopropane-1,2-diols.For Communication 3 see Ref. 1.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2809–2810, November, 1996.     

On the exotherm of polyacrylonitrile. II. Examination of deuterated polymers

A series of α-, β,β-, and α,β,β-deuterium-labelled acrylonitrile monomers were prepared and polymerized. Secondary deuterium isotope effects on the polymerization and on the pyrolysis reactions that precede carbon fiber formation were observed. When deuterium is in the α-position, the polymerization rate is greater and the molecular weight is higher. It is proposed that either the propagation rate constant or both that constant and the termination rate constant are increased on deuterium substitution. In differential scanning calorimetry, the polyacrylonitrile exotherm occurs at higher temperatures and is narrower when deuterium is substituted at the α-position. On the other hand, the thermal gravimetric analysis activation energy for weight loss of polymer at temperatures below the acrylic exotherm is lower when deuterium is in the α-position, relative to the α-hydrogen polymers. As there is no correlation between the weight loss energy of activation and the various exotherm parameters, the weight loss energy of activation and the various exotherm parameters, the weight loss and exotherm are considered to be independent events. Examination of the distribution of deuterium substituted ammonia species evolved during 100–240°C thermal treatment of the α-and β, β-deuterated polyacrylonitriles provides a clear indication that both the α- and β-positions are directly involved in hydrogen migration to nitrogen, but the mechanism of ammonia generation remains unclear. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.