含荧光基团的AA-MA共聚物阻垢剂的合成及其阻垢性能

以4-溴-1,8-萘二甲酸酐和乙二胺为原料,经3步反应合成了一种新型荧光单体——4-甲氧基-N-(2-丙烯酰胺乙基)-1,8-萘二酰亚胺(Ⅲ);Ⅲ与丙烯酸(AA)和马来酸酐(MA)共聚制得新型示踪共聚物AA-MA-Ⅲ(1),其结构经IR,TG-DTA和SEM表征。1的荧光性质和阻垢性能研究结果表明,其荧光强度与质量浓度呈良好线性关系,线性相关系数为0.998 5,检测下限为1.0×10-2mg.L-1;1对碳酸钙垢沉积有较好的抑制作用,当用药量为20 mg.L-1时对碳酸钙阻垢率为93.5%,且具有较好的分散氧化铁的能力;SEM观察表明1对碳酸钙垢既有较强的分散作用又具有明显的晶格畸变作用。     

稀土催化异戊二烯—马来酸酐交替共聚

首次用 Nd( naph) 3 -Al Et3 催化体系合成异戊二烯 -马来酸酐交替共聚物 .实验结果表明 ,共聚反应适宜条件为 :[M]总 =2 .6mol/L( [Ip]/[MAn]=1 ) ,n( Al) /n( Nd) =1 0 ,[Nd]=5× 1 0 -3 mol/L,甲苯 /二氧六环混合溶剂 (体积比为 2 /5) ,于 5℃聚合 2 h.共聚物收率达到 70 % .用元素分析、 IR和 13 C NMR对共聚物进行表征 ,所得共聚物为交替结构     

改性腐植酸-膦基丙烯酸阻垢缓蚀剂的制备及性能研究

采用溶液共混技术，制备了季铵化腐植酸(QHA)和膦基丙烯酸/马来酸酐共聚物(ZPS)的共混物(QHA／ZPS)，与QHA和ZPS对比分析表明，QHA／ZPS共混物具有更好的阻垢、缓蚀能力，有良好的灭藻作用。当QHA／ZPS质量比为2-3：1时，共混物的阻垢作用表现出明显的协同效应。其综合性能决定了QHZ/ZPS是一种很有发展前景的多功能水处理剂。     

聚天冬氨酸/3,5-二氨基苯甲酸的合成及缓蚀阻垢性能

通过氨基开环的方法合成了聚天冬氨酸/3,5-二氨基苯甲酸接枝共聚物(PASP/3,5-DMBA),采用静态阻垢、动态腐蚀等方法考察了该共聚物的阻垢和缓蚀性能。结果表明,3,5-二氨基苯甲酸的引入可有效改善聚天冬氨酸(PASP)的阻垢与缓蚀性能,尤其在较低的浓度下对CaSO_4和Ca_3(PO_4)_2的阻垢性能有明显的提高。当PASP/3,5-DMBA药剂用量分别为1.25mg/L、6mg/L时,其对CaCO_3、CaSO_4的阻垢效率接近100%。当用量为18mg/L时,对Ca_3(PO_4)2的阻垢效率可达75%。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察发现,加入PASP/3,5-DMBA后钙垢晶体结构发生了畸变,呈分散开花状。     

两种聚天冬氨酸接枝共聚物的制备及其阻垢性能

以马来酸酐、尿素、二乙烯三胺、1-氨基-2-萘酚-4-磺酸等为原料,合成了聚天冬氨酸/二乙烯三胺(PASP/DETA)和聚天冬氨酸/1-氨基-2-萘酚-4-磺酸接枝共聚物(PASP/1,2,4);采用红外光谱仪分析了产物的化学结构,并测定了其对工业用水的阻垢性能.结果表明,PASP/DETA对Ca3(PO4)2具有很好的阻垢性能,PASP/1,2,4对CaCO3具有很好的阻垢性能;当二者按PASP/DETA浓度5mg/L、PASP/1,2,4浓度1.5mg/L复配使用时,对CaCO3的阻垢率可达95.4%,对Ca3(PO4)2的阻垢率可达95.2%.     

IA/ASP/AMPS三元共聚物合成及阻垢性能

以衣康酸(IA)、天冬氨酸(ASP)和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为单体,在过硫酸铵引发下采用水溶液自由基聚合方法制备了新型IA/ASP/AMPS三元共聚物阻垢剂,并利用红外光谱仪对其结构进行分析表征。通过正交实验和单因素实验考察单体摩尔配比、引发剂用量、反应温度及反应时间对共聚产物阻垢性能的影响,确定其最佳合成条件。实验结果表明:共聚单体的摩尔比nIA:nASP:nAMPS为3:1:0. 5,引发剂用量占单体总质量的10%,反应温度为85℃,反应时间为4 h时,合成三元共聚物对碳酸钙、硫酸钙及磷酸钙的阻垢性能最好,阻垢率分别达91%、95%及96%以上;此共聚物的固含量和黏均相对分子质量分别为30. 5%、1402。静态阻垢法评价温度对IA/ASP/AMPS共聚物阻垢性能的影响,结果表明,IA/ASP/AMPS共聚物适用于含碳酸钙、磷酸钙的高温循环冷却水体系。     

含硅芳香二酐的合成及其聚酰亚胺

从4-溴-l，2-二甲苯出发，经过三步反应合成了双-（3，4-苯二甲酸酐)二甲基硅烷单体，总产率为24．7％；由该单体与4，4′-二氨基二苯醚共聚合，经环化脱水反应得含硅聚酰亚胺，并对该共聚物进行了初步表征。     

衣康酸-天冬氨酸-苯乙烯磺酸钠三元共聚物合成及阻垢性能研究

以衣康酸(IA)、天冬氨酸(ASP)及苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合法合成了IA-ASP-SSS三元共聚物,并对产物结构进行红外表征。探讨单体配比、引发剂用量、聚合温度、反应时间对共聚物阻垢性能的影响,通过正交实验和单因素实验确定最佳合成条件。采用静态阻垢法考察阻垢剂用量、钙离子浓度对阻垢性能的影响。结果表明：共聚单体的物质的量比(nASP:nIA:nSSS)为1:1:0.1、引发剂用量为单体总质量的9%、反应温度85℃且反应时间3h时,合成的IA-ASP-SSS共聚物对碳酸钙、磷酸钙及硫酸钙的阻垢率皆在95%以上,且此共聚物阻垢剂适用于高硬度水环境。     

衣康酸-天冬氨酸-苯乙烯磺酸钠三元共聚物的合成及阻垢性能研究

以衣康酸(IA)、天冬氨酸(ASP)及苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液自由基聚合法合成了IA-ASP-SSS三元共聚物,并对产物结构进行红外表征。探讨单体配比、引发剂用量、聚合温度、反应时间对共聚物阻垢性能的影响,通过正交实验和单因素实验确定最佳合成条件。采用静态阻垢法考察阻垢剂用量、钙离子浓度对阻垢性能的影响。结果表明,共聚单体的摩尔比(nASP∶nIA∶nSSS)为1∶1∶0.1、引发剂用量为单体总质量的9%、反应温度85℃且反应时间3h时,合成的IA-ASP-SSS共聚物对碳酸钙、磷酸钙及硫酸钙的阻垢率皆在95%以上,且此共聚物阻垢剂适用于高硬度水环境。     

P(St-co-Ma)水溶性聚合物对硫酸钡晶体形貌的调控

以苯乙烯(St),马来酸酐(Ma)为单体合成了水溶性苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物[P(St-co-Ma)]。研究了P(St-co-Ma)在不同pH下对硫酸钡(BaSO4)晶体的调控。SEM、TG分析结果表明:水溶性共聚物的存在,能很好地控制硫酸钡晶体的生长,且其形态和尺寸随pH变化而改变。当pH为11和9时,晶体的表面形态分别呈卵形和菜花形。当pH为7和6时,晶体分别为球型-无规混杂和无规状态,聚合物对晶体的调控作用减弱。     

SuperQuat N-acyl-5,5-dimethyloxazolidin-2-ones for the asymmetric synthesis of alpha-alkyl and beta-alkyl aldehydes

The proclivity of alpha-branched N-2'-benzyl-3'-phenylpropionyl derivatives of (S)-4-benzyl-5,5-dimethyl-, (S)-4-phenyl-5,5-dimethyl-, (S)-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-, (S)-4-benzyl- and (S)-4-benzyl-5,5-diphenyl-oxazolidin-2-ones to generate directly 2-benzyl-3-phenylpropionaldehyde upon hydride reduction with DIBAL is investigated. The (S)-4-benzyl-5,5-dimethyl-derivative proved optimal for inhibition of endocyclic nucleophilic attack, giving 2-benzyl-3-phenylpropionaldehyde in good yield upon reduction. Application of this methodology for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral aldehydes via diastereoselective enolate alkylation of a range of (S)-N-acyl-4-benzyl-5,5-dimethyloxazolidin-2-ones to afford and array of alpha-substituted-N-acyl-5,5-dimethyloxazolidin- 2-ones (85-94% de) and subsequent reduction with DIBAL afforded directly non-racemic alpha-substituted aldehydes without loss of stereochemical integrity (87-94% ee). The extension of this protocol for the asymmetric synthesis of beta-substituted aldehydes is demonstrated, via the diastereoselective conjugate addition of a range of organocuprates to (S)-N-acyl-4-phenyl-5,5-dimethyloxazolidin-2-ones which proceeds with high diastereoselectivity (generally > 95% de). Reduction of the conjugate addition products with DIBAL gives non-racemic beta-substituted aldehydes in high yields and in high ee (generally > 95% ee). This methodology is exemplified by the asymmetric synthesis of (R)-3-isopropenylhept-6-enal, which has previously been used in the synthesis of (3Z,6R)-3-methyl-6-isopropenyl-3,9-decadien-1-yl acetate, a component of the sex pheromones of the California red scale.     

聚天冬氨酸与木质素磺酸钠复配物对碳酸钙阻垢性能的研究

通过静态阻垢法研究了国产聚天冬氨酸(PASP)、木质素磺酸钠(SLS)添加量对碳酸钙的阻垢性能.结果表明:PASP在5.0mg/L时阻垢率接近100%,SLS达300mg/L以上时阻垢率趋于平缓,浓度为600mg/L时,其阻垢率仍不足70%.PASP与SLS复合配方及在不同影响因素条件下阻垢性能的研究表明:复合配方(PASP 2.0mg/L SLS 5.0mg/L)的阻垢率接近100%,且适用于高钙、高pH值、高温的水系统中,并可在水系统中长时间停留.     

DDA在硫酸介质中的存在状态与缓蚀行为的关系

利用电化学方法、物理检测技术及表面分析技术，针对十二烷基胺（DDA）作用于FeNiSiB非晶合金表面时，在不同浓度范围内，缓蚀效率与缓蚀剂浓度存在不同的对应关系的现象，探讨了DDA的存在状态与其缓烛行为的关系．利用物理测量技术对临界浓度前后DDA的存在状态进行了分析，利用扫描隧道显微镜捕获了高浓度时DDA在非晶合金表面的典型结构，详细阐述了DDA对非晶合金的微观缓蚀机制．     

Novel spiroannulated 3-benzofuranones. Synthesis and inhibition of the human peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1

The novel 3H-spiro[1-benzofuran-2-cyclopentan]-3-one skeleton has been made accessible by different routes. One- and two-step protocols lead to tricyclic and tetracyclic benzofuranones 2 and 3, respectively. A four-step synthesis to spirocompound 4 is described. The novel spirocyclic benzofuranones display modest to no inhibition of the human peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1.     

DDA在碱酸介质中的存在状态与缓蚀行为的关系

利用电化学方法、物理检测技术及表面分析技术，针对十二烷基胺（ＤＤＡ）作用于ＦｅＮｉＳｉＢ非晶合金表面时，在不同浓度范围内，缓蚀效率与缓蚀剂２在不同的对应关系的现象、探讨了ＤＤＡ的存在状态与其缓蚀行为的关系，利用物理测量技术对临界浓度前后ＤＤＡ的存在状态进行了分析，利用扫描隧道显微镜捕获了高浓度时ＤＤＡ在非晶合金表面的典型结构，详细阐述了ＤＤＡ对非晶合金的微观缓蚀机制。     

盐酸瑞伐拉赞及其关键中间体的合成研究进展

盐酸瑞伐拉赞是已经上市的新型可逆型质子泵抑制剂,合成过程中用到了昂贵的关键中间体1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉。本文综述了盐酸瑞伐拉赞及其关键中间体的各种合成方法,并讨论了它们的优缺点。     

Enantiospecific total synthesis of the sarpagine related indole alkaloids talpinine and talcarpine as well as the improved total synthesis of alstonerine and anhydromacrosalhine-methine via the asymmetric Pictet-Spengler reaction

The enantiospecific total synthesis of talpinine 1 and talcarpine 2 has been accomplished from D-(+)-tryptophan in 13 steps (11 reaction vessels) in 10% and 9.5% overall yields, respectively. Moreover, this synthetic approach has been employed for the improved synthesis of alstonerine 3and anhydromacrosalhine-methine 4 in 12% and 14% overall yield, respectively. A convenient synthetic route for the enantiospecific, stereospecific preparation of the key intermediate (-)-N(a)-H, N(b)-benzyl tetracyclic ketone 15a via the asymmetric Pictet-Spengler reaction on a multihundred-gram scale has been developed. A diastereocontrolled (>30:1) anionic oxy-Cope rearrangement and the intramolecular rearrangement to form ring-E and an N(b)-benzyl/N(b)-methyl transfer reaction also served as key steps. This general approach can now be utilized for the synthesis of macroline/sarpagine related indole alkaloids and their antipodes for biological screening.     

环保型阻垢剂对水垢的抑制及其相互作用模拟

为解决聚天冬氨酸(PASP)在高钙离子质量浓度下阻垢效果不佳及分散氧化铁效果差的问题,通过对中间体聚琥珀酰亚胺(PSI)开环改性将酪氨酸(Tyr)接枝到PASP的侧链,合成了具有羧基、氨基、酰胺基、酚羟基等多种功能性官能团的环保型阻垢剂——酪氨酸/聚天冬氨酸共聚物(Tyr-PASP)。 静态阻垢实验表明Tyr-PASP对水垢的抑制能力明显优于PASP。 当n(Tyr):n(PSI)=1:1时,Tyr-PASP对CaCO₃表现出最佳的抑制效果,且质量浓度为4 mg/L时阻垢效率达到了100%,在5 mg/L时,对CaSO₄的抑制效率也达到100%。 添加Tyr-PASP后,水垢晶形从稳定的方解石和文石变成了不稳定的球霰石,形貌也变得松散。 分子动力学模拟表明,Tyr-PASP和方解石之间的相互作用是放热的,并且远高于传统的吸附能,静电力在Tyr/PASP和方解石之间的结合中起主要作用。 此外,Tyr-PASP对氧化铁的分散效果显著提高。     

Convenient synthesis of functionalized thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-ones and thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-4-ones bearing a pyridine moiety with anticipated antioxidant activity

In the present study, ethyl 2-amino-4-methyl-5-(pyridin-2-ylcarbamoyl)thiophene-3-carboxylate (2) has been achieved using the Gewald's methodology and served as a synthon for the synthesis of various derivatives of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-one and thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-4-one bearing a pyridine moiety via its reactions with the convenient chemical reagents. The antioxidant performance has been tested using the ABTS method and the results disclosed that thienopyrimidinone 5 and thienopyridinones 18 and 19 have the most potent antioxidant efficiency with inhibition percentage at 84.41%, 80.95%, and 76.93%, respectively, compared with ascorbic acid as a reference drug.     

Scale Inhibition of Green Inhibitor Polyepoxysuccinic Sodium

Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) is the green water treatment agents recognized all over the world[1-3]. It is found that when PESA is used alone, it had good scale inhibition. PESA should be included in the category of green scale inhibitor.PESA is synthesized with maleicanhydride in the presence of catalysts. The effect on scale-in-hibiting property of the product from amount and feed times of catalyst, the reaction temperature, the reaction time were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows:n(maleic anhydride):n(Ca(OH)2):n(NaOH)=1:0.05-0.2:0.5, reaction temperature 95C, reaction time 4h.In all the references about PESA, PESA is researched as a kind of highly effective scale inhibitor or chelate. In this paper, the performance of scale inhibition of PESA is evaluated by scale static inhibitor.The results are shown in Figture1.It is evident from our experimental data (Figture1) that when inhibition for CaCO3.With the increase of PESA dosage, scale inhibition increases. When dosage is more than 6mg/L, inhibition efficiency is over 50%. The formulas give scale inhibition efficiency more than 95% at 12mg/L of total dosage.