掺杂钛酸盐对乙烷氧化脱氢催化性能的研究

在７００￣８５０℃范围内研究了掺杂ＣａＴｉＯ３、ＳｒＴｉＯ３催化剂用于乙烷氧化脱氢（ＯＤＨＥ）的催化行为，发现这类催化剂对ＯＤＨＥ均有一定的催化活性。适量的Ｌｉ＾＋取代Ｔｉ＾４＋后不仅提高了催化活性，而且改善了催化剂对乙烯的选择性。催化剂ＣａＴｉ０．９Ｌｉ０．１Ｏ３－δ在８５０℃时乙烷转化率和乙烯选择性分别为８７．８％和７１．７％。Ｓｒ对Ｃａ部分取代后制得的催化剂可在极宽的温度范围内（７００￣８５     

CATALYTIC BEHAVIOR OF DOPED MTiO_3 CATALYSTS FOR OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF ETHANE

用Ｌｉ＋部分替代ＭＴｉＯ３（Ｍ＝Ｃａ、Ｓｒ）催化剂中的Ｔｉ４＋，明显地提高了乙烷氧化脱氢（ＯＤＨＥ）反应中乙烯的选择性。在ＣａＴｉ０．９Ｌｉ０．１Ｏ３－δ催化剂上，反应温度为８５０℃时，乙烯选择性为７７．４％，乙烷转化率为８１．７％。Ｌｉ掺杂的作用是增加了催化剂的Ｐ型半导性和未充分还原的氧物种数目。     

掺杂CaTiO3体系上甲烷氧化偶联反应的研究

受主杂质ＭＬｉ＾＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ａｌ＾３＋）部分替代ＣａＴｉＯ３中Ｔｉ＾４＋形成的ＣａＴｉ０．９Ｍ０．１Ｏ３－δ具有的类似ＣａＴｉＯ３的正交晶格结构。掺杂元素的价态变化与样品的ｐ型导电性、活泼氧化物种的形成及甲烷氧化偶联（ＯＣＭ）的活性之间有着规律性的依赖关系，即随掺杂元素价态降低，ｐ型导电性增强，活泼性之间有着规律性的依赖关系，即随掺杂元素价态降低，ｐ的ｐ型电导电最大，它的ＯＣＭ性能也最好，其甲     

酒石酸法合成的LiCoO2的结构及其二次锂电池行为研究

采用Ｘ射线衍射，光电子能谱，库仓滴定，循环伏安等方法研究酒石酸法合成的ＬｉＣｏＯ２的结构及其二次锂电池行为，结果表明ＬｉＣｏＯ２具有六方晶系Ｒ＾－３ｍ空间群结构，相应晶胞参数ａ＝０．２８１０ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．４０８８ｎｍ；其中Ｃｏ＾３＋为低自旋；且其表面存在Ｌｉ２Ｏ．同时，其二次锂电池电容量可达１２０ｍＡ．ｈ．ｇ＾－１，半容量工作电压达３．８Ｖ，当正极中Ｌｉ＾＋的含量（Ｘ）为０．４５１≤ｘ≤０．９３４     

Li—Ni—La—O系复合氧化物催化剂上甲烷氧化偶联的研究

考察了Ｌｉ－Ｎｉ－Ｌａ－Ｏ系催化剂的组成、结构及反应条件对甲烷氧化偶联反应活性的影响。在７８０℃、ＣＨ４：Ｏ２：Ｎ２＝２：１：７、空速１５０００ｈ＾－１时，Ｃ２烃收率可达２５．８％。ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ、ＸＰＳ及ＳＥＭ等的结构分析表明，在ＬｉＬａ１－ｘＮｉｘＯ２催化剂中，当０．１≤ｘ≤０．９时，该催化剂由ＬｉＮｉＯ２和Ｌａ２Ｎｉ１－ｙＬｉｙＯ４－λ两相组成，ｘ＜０．３时出现了ＬｉＬａＯ２相，Ｌａ２Ｎｉ１－     

Li^＋／MgO上乙烷氧化脱氢的活性中心（Li^＋O^—）的研究

利用Ｌｉ＾＋／ＭｇＯ催化剂上乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯及ＩＲ，ＴＰＤ等测试手段对（Ｌｉ＾＋Ｏ＾－）中心的形成机理及其性质进行了研究，表明（Ｌｉ＾＋Ｏ＾－）中心最初生成与ＭｇＯ表面的自由羟基相关，气相氧，反应温度，配位数等对生成（Ｌｉ＾＋Ｏ＾－）有一定程度的影响。     

二次Li／LiNi0.3Co0.7O2电池反应研究

利用循环伏安，库仑滴定，Ｘ射线衍射，恒电流阶跃等方法研究了Ｌｉ／ＬｉＮｉ０．２Ｃｏ０．７Ｏ２电池反应。结果表明该电池在４．３０－３．００Ｖ间放电容量可达１２０－１４０ｍＡ．ｈ．ｇ＾－１，充，放电机理为Ｌｉ＾＋在ＬｉＮｉ０．３Ｃｏ０．７Ｏ２中进行两步脱嵌与嵌入反应。     

在Ti系钙钛矿型混合氧化物催化剂上的甲烷氧化偶联──焙烧温度的影响

探讨了焙烧温度对钙钛矿型复合氧化物ＬａＴｉ１－ｙＬｉｙＯ３－λ（０≤ｙ＜１）为主要物相的ＬｉＬａ０．５Ｔｉ０．５Ｏ２＋λ催化剂的结构及甲烷氧化偶联反应活性的影响机制，用ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ、ＸＰＳ和ＢＥＴ等方法对催化剂进行表征。结果表明，焙烧温度对催化剂的ＯＣＭ反应活性的影响是双重的。提高焙烧温度有利于Ｌｉ＋进入ＬａＴｉＯ３晶格（或间隙）产生更多数量的氧空位，进而产生更多的活性氧种，有利于ＯＣＭ反应的进行，但过高的焙烧温度又使催化剂的结构（或物相）发生变化，因而使Ｌｉ＋的取代量、比表面积和甲烷转化率均下降。     

溶胶—凝胶合成（Mg,Ca）O—SiO2：Eu^3＋,Bi^3＋发光体及其发光行为

以Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２，Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２，Ｅｕ（ＮＯ３）３，Ｂｉ（ＮＯ３）３和Ｓｉ（ＯＣ２Ｈ５）４为反应物，采用溶胶－凝胶法，在比较低的温度，首次合成０．７０１ｍｏｌＭｇＯ－０．１７５ｍｏｌＣａＯ－１．２５ｍｏｌＳｉＯ２：０．０６ｍｏｌＥｕ＾３＋，０．００２ｍｏｌＢｉ＾３＋（加入Ｌｉ＾＋作为电荷补偿剂）发光体，得到了最佳合成条件，研究了由溶胶向凝胶转变和凝胶向发光晶体的转变过程，探讨了发光体在不同激光     

锂钛复合氧化物锂离子电池负极材料的研究

采用３种化学方法合成锂钛复合化物,应用Ｘ－射线衍射分析对其结构进行表征以及电化学性能测试,结果表明：由Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３、ＴｉＯ２高温合成的锂钛复合氧化物为尖晶石结构的Ｌｉ４Ｔｉ５Ｏ１２、Ｌｉ４Ｔｉ５Ｏ１２电极在１．５Ｖ左右有一放电平台,充放电可逆性良好,既充电电压平台与此接近,且电极的比容量较大,循环性能良好,以０．３０ｍＡ．ｃｍ＾－２充放电时,首次放电容量可达３００ｍＡｈ．ｇ＾－１,可逆比容量为１０     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.