助剂对负载型镍催化剂重整活性和抗积炭性能的影响

应用ＸＲＤ和催化活性评价手段，考察了助剂对Ｃ２重整制合成气的负勒型Ｎｉ催化剂的重整活性和其抗积炭性能的影响。实验结果表明，ＮｉＯ在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面上最大分散量随ＭｇＯ、Ｌａ２Ｏ３助剂的添加没程度地增大，助剂能影响负载型Ｎｉ催化剂 论性能，ＭｇＯ、Ｌａ２Ｏ３的添加对改善Ｎｉ催化剂的重整活性和抗积炭性能有明显效果，并与助剂的种类添加次序有关。     

载体对镍基催化剂CH4／CO2重整制合成气性能的影响

在Ｎｉ／ＭｇＯ、Ｎｉ／ＣａＯ和Ｎｉ／ＣｅＯ催化剂上,ＣＨ４／ＣＯ２重整制事成的活性测试表明ＭｇＯ是一种较好的载体,ＴＰＲ实验显示,Ｎｉ－ＭｇＯ之间的相互作用比Ｎｉ－ＣａＯ和Ｎｉ－ＣｅＯ２强,现场ＣＯ岐化和ＣＨ４解离实验表明, 经剂表面吸附的氢会促进ＣＯ歧化和ＣＨ４解离积炭。     

CH4/CO2重整Ni基催化剂制备与催化性能的关系

用四种浸渍程序制备Ｎｉ－Ｍｇ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂,其ＣＨ４／ＣＯ２重整制合成气的活性和积炭量的测试表明真空浸渍法最好,其次是二次不等量浸渍。现场ＣＯ歧化和ＣＨ４解离积炭实验表明,Ｎｉ基催化剂的积炭主要从反应生成物ＣＯ的歧化而来     

负载型镍金属催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳重整制合成气

报道了负载型Ｎｉ金属催化剂的表面特征和对ＣＨ４与ＣＯ２重整制合成气的催化性能，反应结果和ＴＰＲ，ＸＲＣ结果表明：Ｎｉ担载量为９．０％的催化剂具有最佳的反应性能，Ｎｉ组分以高散表面化合物形式存在，助剂对催化剂活性的影响随载体和添加方式的不同较大差异，其中少量ＭｇＯ，Ｌａ２Ｏ３对改善催化剂的稳定性和抗积碳能力有十分显著的效果，载体和制备方法对催化剂性能具有明显影响，其中浸渍法制备的Ｎｉ／ＭｇＯ催化剂不     

天然气二氧化碳转化制合成气的研究──催化剂抗积炭性能(英文)

采用脉冲色谱技术、ＸＲＤ、ＴＰＲ和ＸＰＳ等方法研究了在天然气二氧化碳转化制合成气反应中催化剂的抗积炭性能。实验结果表明,在Ｎ　Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂中添加ＣｅＯ２和ＭｇＯ助剂（催化剂记为Ｎｉ／ＡＲＭ）能有效抑制甲烷脱氢反应,提高二氧化碳消炭能力,增加催化剂的抗积炭性能。其主要原因是,添加ＣｅＯ２和ＭｇＯ助剂增加了活性组分镍的分散度,加强了活性组分和载体的相互作用。改性后的Ｎｉ／ＡＲＭ催化剂在１０２３Ｋ、二氧化碳／天然气／氧气比为２．４／０．１以及１１２３Ｋ、二氧化碳／天然气／氧气比为１．４／１／０．０５的条件下反应８００小时后活性不降低,产物中合成气（ＣＯ＋Ｈ２）摩尔百分含量始终保持在９４－９６％左右。说明该催化剂具有较高的活性、选择性和抗积炭性。     

高稳定度CH4/CO2重整Ni/MgO催化剂的研究

用ＴＰＲ,ＴＰＤ,ＴＰＯ,ＴＰＭＣ（程序升温ＣＨ４解离积炭）和活性评价等手段研究了普通浸渍法与载体盐助分散浸渍法制得的ＣＨ４／ＣＯ２重整制合成气Ｎｉ基催化剂的性能。结果表明,用载体盐助分散浸渍制备的催化剂Ｎｉ－Ｏ－Ｍｇ间作用较强,吸附ＣＯ２能力较大,ＣＨ４解离积炭量少,因此其稳定性及寿命较好。     

超细镍基催化剂上CH4-CO2重整反应的性能 Ⅱ.制备方法对催化性能及积碳性能的影响

采用溶胶－凝胶法和超临界干燥（ＳＣＤ）技术制备了超细二元ＮｉＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和三元ＮｉＯ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂,并以浸渍超细氧化铝载体和普通氧化铝载体制得的二元和三元催化剂为对比,考察了不同制备方法对催化剂上ＣＨ４－ＣＯ２重整反应性能的影响。结果表明,超细催化剂表现出很高的高温催化活性、选择性和显著的抗积碳能力,即使不含助剂的超细二元催化剂也明显优于含镧助剂的负载三元催化剂,而含镧的超细三元     

CH4,CO2和O2制合成气反应中载体对Ni催化剂抗氧化性能的影响

在ＣＨ４、ＣＯ２ 催化氧化制合成气反应中, Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 催化剂在高温下生成ＮｉＡｌ２Ｏ４ 尖晶石,是导致催化剂失活的一个重要因素． 通过向载体（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）中添加各种氧化物, 使得催化剂的抗氧化性能得到改善． 并运用ＴＰＲ、ＸＲＤ对催化剂进行表征, 发现催化剂的抗氧化性顺序为： Ｎｉ／ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／ＣｅＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／Ｌａ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ＞ Ｎｉ／ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞ Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞ Ｎｉ／Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３．     

添加碱金属对甲烷与空气制合成气催化剂性能的影响(英文)

考察了添加在镍基催化剂中的碱金属助剂对甲烷与空气制合成气的催化反应性能的影响。并用ＴＰＯ、ＴＰＲ、ＣＯ_２程序升温脱附（ＴＰＤ）、ＸＰＳ及ＣＯ脉冲色谱对催化剂进行了表征。实验结果表明,碱金属助剂对降低催化剂结炭有一定作用;催化剂抗积炭顺序为; Ｎｉ－Ｋ２Ｏ／ＣａＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ－Ｌｉ２Ｏ／ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ－Ｎａ２Ｏ／ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞Ｎｉ／ＣａＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３。在实验中,我们发现碱金属的添加使催化剂的Ｎｉ晶粒变大和吸附ＣＯ_２的能力增强,结合能发生不同程度的变化。这些实验结果从不同方面解释了碱金属助剂对催化剂活性和抗积炭性的影响。实验结果表明Ｎｉ－Ｌｉ２Ｏ／ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３具有较好的活性和抗积炭性。     

甲烷／二氧化碳重整反应催化剂的制备及反应性能研究

采用浸渍法制备载镍ＣＨ４／ＣＯ２重整反应催化剂，应用ＩＣＰ，ＢＥＴ，ＥＰＭＡ，ＳＥＭ，ＴＥＭ，ＸＰＳ等手段考察了焙烧温度，浸渍液酸度，助剂等制备条件对催化剂结构及反应性能的影响。结果表明，低温热处理制备的Ｎｉ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂具有较高的ＣＨ４／ＣＯ２重整反应活性．经酸或强碱溶液中制备的催化剂尽管活性分布及孔结构等均扔所不同，但二者的反应活性都很高；     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.