差示分光光度法测定硅铝铁合金中高硅

差示分光光度法测定硅铝铁合金中高硅李树伟，李凤丽（四川师范大学化学系成都，６１００６８）（成都航空发动机公司成都，６１００６６）关键词硅，合金，差示分光光度法硅铝铁合金在航空工业、机械工业领域有着广泛的应用。该合金中硅含量较高（硅含量１５－２０％），...     

硅铝钡铁合金中主元素的快速系统分析方法

硅铝钡铁合金是一种目前较为广泛采用的炼钢脱氧剂，用光度法测定硅和钡、用强碱分离滴定法测定铝已见报道，本文提出了该合金中硅、铝、钡三元素系统测定的新方法，用强碱溶样、过氧化氢氧化、盐酸酸化后制取母液。分取母液，分别用硅钼蓝差示光度法测定硅；用偶氮胂-DBS光度法测定钡；     

X射线荧光光谱法测定钒铁合金中主次元素含量

用熔融制样法将钒铁合金样品在铂金坩埚中与四硼酸锂和偏硼酸锂熔融,熔体在铂金坩埚中自动成型,用X射线荧光光谱法测定钒铁合金中钒、硅、锰、铝和磷等主次元素含量。经试验求得熔融时,四硼酸锂、混合溶剂(四硼酸锂∶偏硼酸锂=67∶33)和样品的最佳质量比为30比5比1。各元素的检出限在12.4～51.2μg.g-1之间。方法用于标准样品分析,测定值与认定值相符。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定纯硼等13个杂质元素

研究了纯硅中微量和痕量杂质元素铝、钙、铁、锰、磷、铬、铜、镍、钛、钒、锆、砷和硼等电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP—AES）的同时测定方法，样品以硝酸、盐酸和氢氟酸挥硅处理方法，在样品处理过程中，加入适量的甘露醇能够抑制硼的挥发。在优化选定的仪器条件和介质中测定纯硅样品和纯硅标准样品。纯硅样品中13个杂质元素的回收率均在92．0％～105．09／6之间，相对标准偏差均小于5．0％。     

ICP-AES法同时测定锰矿石中铁、铝、钛、钙、镁、磷、钡、铅的含量

锰矿石样品用HNO3-HF-HClO4酸溶除硅后,对采用ICP-AES法测定其中的铁、铝、钛、钙、镁、磷时,同时测定钡、铅的相关条件进行了试验。主要对酸溶样能否分解重晶石或天青石等含钡矿物进行了探讨,测定了3个国家级标准样品。测定结果与标准值吻合。用标准加入法测得的钡和铅的回收率分别为96．0％-100．5％,97．1％～100．0％。用该法对含钡量较高的澳大利亚锰矿进行分析,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0-82％,并将测定结果与X荧光光谱法测定结果进行了比对。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铅钙锡铝合金中铝

铅钙锡铝合金广泛应用于全密封免维护铅蓄电池极板的生产。铅合金中铝的测定国标法采用络天青S比色法。试样用硝酸溶解，加入硫酸沉淀分离基体铅后进行比色测定。铅钙锡铝合金中含钙0．05％～0．12％，含锡0．1％～1．5％，含铝0．01％～0．04％，余量为铅。本文用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铝，试样经硝酸溶解后，不加任何基体改进剂，直接测定，分析结果与国标法结果基本一致。     

粉煤灰表面形貌和组成的电子显微镜/能量色散谱、聚焦离子束分析

用超级场发射电子显微镜(FE—SEM),扫描电子显微镜／能量色散谱(SEM／EDS)和聚焦离子束测试仪(FIB)等,对粉煤灰进行了表面形貌和元素组成分析。FIB显示粉煤灰大多为咖0．3～0．5μm的球状微粒;FE-SEM则显示约有88％的粉煤灰为φ0．3～1μm的球状微粒,表面凹凸不平,主要为铝、硅、铁等元素的氧化物,其中铝、硅、铁和氧的质量分数分别为20．5％、23．6％、1．4％和50．9％。     

高频燃烧—红外线吸收法测定硅钡铁合金中的碳和硫

研究了不同助熔剂对硅钡铁合金中碳和硫积分曲线的影响,优选了测定条件,用于硅钡铁合金中碳和硫的测定,获得较满意的结果.     

钼蓝分光光度法测定钼铝与钒铝合金中的硅

采用硝酸、氢氟酸分解试样,钼蓝分光光度法测定钒铝、钼铝合金中的硅量。对试样分解、光度法测定条件及共存元素的干扰等进行了试验。将该法应用于6个钒铝、钼铝试样中硅量(0.04%~0.46%)的测定,结果的相对标准偏差(n=11)在1.2%~4.6%之间,加标回收率为97.4%~102.2%。同时进行了多家实验室间数据比对,结果一致。     

预氧化熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定硼铁合金中硼、硅、铝和磷

硼铁合金样品经过预氧化熔融,制得样品的玻璃熔片,采用X射线荧光光谱法测定玻璃熔片中硼、硅、铝和磷等4种元素的含量。优化的试验条件如下:(1)熔剂为焦硫酸钾;(2)熔剂与样品的稀释比为40∶1;(3)氧化剂为碳酸锂和硝酸钠;(4)玻璃熔片的熔融时间为20min。4种元素的质量分数在一定范围内与其对应的荧光强度呈线性关系,测定下限为0.006 8%～0.017 9%。对硼铁标准样品平行测定10次,测定值的相对标准偏差为0.22%～3.9%。方法应用于硼铁合金样品的分析,测定结果与湿法分析的结果相符。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Catalyst free,visible-light promoted photoaddition reactions between C60 and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-substituted tertiary amines for synthesis of aminomethyl-1,2-dihydrofullerenes

An efficient and benign method for the preparation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerenes has been developed. The process, involving catalyst free, visible-light irradiation of 10% EtOH-toluene solutions containing fullerene C₆₀ and N-trimethylsilylmethyl-substituted amines by using a 20 W compact fluorescent lamp, leads to formation of aminomethyl-substituted fullerene adducts in a highly efficient manner. The photoaddition reaction takes place via a pathway initiated by visible light absorption by C₆₀, followed by SET from the amine to the triplet excited state of C₆₀. Ethanol-promoted desilylation of the resulting a minimum radical then generates the corresponding α-amino radical which couples with the C₆₀ radical anion to form the anion precursor of the fullerene adducts. The new approach using visible-light takes place under mild conditions and it does not require the use of photocatalysts. Thus, the method developed in this effort could broadens the range of functionalized fullerene derivatives that can be readily prepared.     

Highly efficient and stereoselective cycloaddition of nitrones to indolyl- and pyrrolylacrylates

The reactions of various nitrones with indolyl- and pyrrolylacrylates proceeds regioselectively with high diastereoselectivity in the case of aldonitrones, and represents an effective method for obtaining new indolyl- and pyrrolyl-substituted isoxazolidine carboxylates stabilized by weak (CH?O) and moderate (NH?N) strength intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The resulting cycloadducts exhibit promising in vitro anti-influenza activities.     

Transition metal-free direct amination of benzoxazoles using formamides as nitrogen sources

A transition metal-free method for the direct amination of benzoxazoles using formamides as nitrogen sources is reported, which was mediated by an inexpensive and environmentally friendly tetrabutylammonium iodide/tert-butyl hydroperoxide system and gave the 2-aminobenzoxazole derivatives with moderate to good yields.     

l-Proline-catalyzed five-component domino reaction leading to multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines

Multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines are concisely synthesized in good yields via l-proline-catalyzed or l-proline/FeCl₃-cocatalyzed one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs). The MCRs involve a domino hydroamination/prins reaction/Mannich-type reaction/intramolecular dehydration-cyclization process. The molecular structure of 5baa, one of multifunctionalized 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridines, was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.     

Exploring the scope of the Gewald reaction: Expansion to a four-component process

An efficient four-component reaction was developed to take advantage of the reactivity of the 2-aminothiophene-3-carbonitrile functionality, which is obtained during the classical three-component Gewald reaction. Various α-methylene bearing ketones were reacted with malononitrile, elemental sulfur, and aryl/heteroarylnitrile derivatives in t-BuOH/NaOH to afford 2-arylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amines in high yields. Preliminary studies revealed the photophysical properties of the products and their potential for use as metal sensors.