Schiff碱配合物的研究II: 一些Fe(III)配合物的磁性质与电化学行为

Fe(III)schiff碱配合物的磁性质和电化学还原性是该类配合物的基本特性, 本文研究三种配合物, 单核高自旋配合物, 单核低自旋配合物以及氧桥双核配合物的核磁共振性质电化学还原性。     

Schiff碱配合物的研究——Ⅱ.一些Fe(Ⅲ)配合物的磁性质与电化学行为

Fe(ⅠⅡ)Schiff碱配合物的磁性质和电化学还原性是该类配合物的基本特性.虽然[Fe(5-NO_2saldpt)]_2O,Na[Fe(salen)(ON)_2],Fe(aslen)(SON)等配合物的制备早有报道,但对于它们的核磁共振性质、电化学还原性尚未研究.本文研究三种配合物:单核高自旋配合物、单核低自旋配合物、以及氧桥双核配合物.所用Schiff碱为:     

含Cu咪唑桥联异多核配合物的合成、表征及ESR研究

用具有低自旋d^6构型的[(NH3)5MIm]^2^+, [(en)2Co(Im)2]^+(M=Co, Rh; Im^-为咪唑基)为配体与配位未饱和的含Cu单核配合物作用, 定向合成了八种新的咪唑桥联含Cu异双核、异三核和异五核配合物。对它们进行了元素分析、差热失重分析、摩尔电导测定及反射光谱研究, 确证了配合物的组成及分子中咪唑桥的存在, 通过对各配合物的ESR谱测定, 得到了它们的自旋Hamilton参数和键参数, 讨论了配合物的成键性质。     

2,6—二乙酰吡啶类双希夫碱配合物的合成和研究 Ⅱ.Cu(Ⅱ)配合物的合成和研究

合成了五个2,6-二乙酰吡啶缩肼基硫代甲酸酯双希夫碱合铜(Ⅱ)配合物,用元素分析、磁化率、红外光谱及紫外-可见光谱等对它们进行了表征,研究了配合物的电化学性质和Cu_3L_2~2X_2(X=Cl~-、SCN~-)的光电子能谱。结果表明:五个Cu(Ⅱ)配合物均为三核配合物,在Cu_3L_2~2(SCN)_2中存在Cu(Ⅱ)间的自旋—交换作用。     

信息存储的分子材料——自旋转换配合物

从化学角度综述了一类具有信息存储功能的分子材料———自旋转换配合物。介绍了配合物的自旋转换现象；自旋转换配合物的表征；自旋转换配合物用于信息存储器件应具备的条件及实用自旋转换配合物的研制近况及展望。     

三联吡啶异配体对构筑单核钴(Ⅱ)自旋交叉配合物的合成和磁性

三联吡啶及其衍生物构筑的钴（Ⅱ）配合物构成了一大类钴（Ⅱ）自旋交叉家族化合物,然而目前报道的配合物大多由同种配体与钴（Ⅱ）离子组装形成。本文报道了3例由互补三联吡啶配体对定向组装的单核钴（Ⅱ）配合物的合成及自旋交叉性质,它们的固态自旋交叉行为可以通过三联吡啶4位的取代基有效调控。其中原型配合物1和三氟甲基取代的衍生物3在低温时为完全低自旋态（S=1/2）,随着温度升高到400 K,部分铁（Ⅱ）离子的自旋态转变为S=3/2。氟取代衍生物表现出溶剂依赖的自旋转变行为,带有3个结晶水的配合物2晶体呈现与1和3类似的不完全自旋转变,然而在高温下完全脱除水分子的样品在260~340 K产生一个宽度约为50 K的热滞回线。有趣的是,配合物2晶格中的水分子的吸附和脱附在结构和磁性上均是可逆的。此外,吸收光谱和循环伏安测试表明配体上的取代基可以调控中心钴离子的电子结构。     

多核过渡金属配合物自旋阻挫的理论研究

区别于双核配合物，自旋阻挫是多核配合物重要的磁现象之一．在分子磁体系中，自旋阻挫引起体系基态的多变和简并以及可能的基态自旋中间值等特征．简要地介绍多核配合物磁耦合竞争自旋阻挫的理论研究进展．     

金属桥联双二茂铁配合物的结构与三阶非线性光学性质研究

三种金属桥联双二茂铁的三核配合物的合成、结构、电化学及三阶非线性光学性质,通过四圆X射线衍射测定,确定了铜配合物的晶体结构。铜配合物为高度畸变的平面四边形构型。双二茂铁处于顺式结构,这种结构由茂环间的π-π相互作用而变得稳定。研究表明,它们的结构、电化学性质及三阶非线性光学性质三者有密切的内在联系。平面型金属配合物桥联双二茂铁体系中电子离域程度高,在电化学上表现为两步连续单电子氧化过程,其三阶非线性光学效应较强,变形四面体型铜配合物桥联双二茂铁只有一个氧化还原过程,其三阶效应也较低。     

钪的直链聚醚配合物及其NMR波谱研究

本文首次获得钪的直链聚醚配合物, 发现共存阴离子不同对配合物组成与性质有显著影响。在高氯酸钪体系中得到双核及高电解质类型的配合物, 利用测定^1^3C NMR自旋-晶格弛豫时间T1等方法, 证明所合成的配合物中钪与直链聚醚的配位氧原子直接结合及超过常见配位数为6的有意义结果。     

可蒸镀自旋交叉配合物的薄膜与器件

自旋交叉配合物在温度、压力、光照和磁场等刺激下可以发生高低自旋态之间的可逆转变, 通常还伴随着颜色、体积和电导率变化以及热滞等效应, 因此这类材料在光热开关、传感器、显示和存储等领域具有潜在的应用. 由于可以获得高质量的超洁净薄膜, 高真空蒸镀工艺常用于分子电子学与分子磁学等的器件制备, 目前报道的可蒸镀自旋交叉配合物种类较少, 大大限制了自旋交叉配合物的器件应用. 针对可蒸镀自旋交叉配合物的薄膜与器件进行了系统的综述, 介绍了几种主要的适于高真空蒸镀的自旋交叉配合物, 结合不同的表征手段分析了衬底对分子薄膜自旋转变特性的影响, 并针对相关的概念性器件进行了讨论, 最后对自旋交叉配合物在器件应用中存在的难点和未来的发展趋势进行了展望和评述, 希望能够为自旋交叉领域的器件应用提供一些借鉴.     

Nitric oxide photorelease from ruthenium salen complexes in aqueous and organic solutions

The complexes [Ru(salen)(NO)Cl] and [Ru(salen)(NO)(H(2)O)](+) were shown to release the nitrosyl ligand as nitric oxide upon exposure to visible light in organic and aqueous solutions respectively, by means of UV-visible, EPR, and FTIR spectroscopies. The former was prepared by a new synthetic route and had its structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A crystal of the dichloromethane solvate is orthorhombic, space group Fdd2 (No. 43) and formula C(16)H(14)ClN(3)O(3)Ru.CH(2)Cl(2), with Z = 16 and cell parameters a = 25.489(4), b = 33.435(4), and c = 9.3716(9) A. The electronic absorption spectra of the complexes were calculated using the INDO/S method. The water-soluble complex is a potential drug for antitumoral phototreatment.     

μ-Azido- and μ-Oxo-Complexes of Fe(III) with Schiff Bases

Two new azido-bridged Fe(III) Schiff base complexes, [Fe(salen)N 3 ] and [Fe(MeO-salen)N 3 ]·2H 2 O, [salen = N , N '-bis-salicylaldehyde(ethylenediimine) and MeO-salen = N , N' -bis-3-methoxysalicylaldehyde(ethylenediimine)] have been synthesized, characterized and studied cryo-magnetically. A new isomeric form of the complex [{Fe(salen) 2 O}] was obtained when attempts were made to grow single crystal of [Fe(salen)N 3 ] from different solvents. The structure of [Fe(salen)] 2 O has been determined by single crystal X-ray analysis. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions in [Fe(salen)N 3 ] and [Fe(MeO-salen)N 3 ]·2H 2 O. The theoretical fit of the susceptibility data yielded values for the spin exchange parameters J = m 10 ( - 0.2) and m 13 ( - 0.3) cm m 1 , for [Fe(salen)N 3 ] and [Fe(MeO-salen)N 3 ]·2H 2 O, respectively.     

Cyano-bridged Mn(III)3M(III) (M(III) = Fe, Cr) complexes: synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties

Two cyano-bridged tetranuclear complexes composed of Mn(III) salen (salen = N,N'-ethylene bis(salicylideneiminate)) and hexacyanometalate(III) (M = Fe, Cr) in a stoichiometry of 3:1 have been selectively synthesized using {NH2(n-C12H25)2}3[M(III)(CN)6] (M(III) = Fe, Cr) starting materials: [{Mn(salen)(EtOH)}3{M(CN)6}] (M = Fe, 1; Cr, 2). Compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural with a T-shaped structure, in which [M(CN)6]3- assumes a meridional-tridentate building block to bind three [Mn(salen)(EtOH)]+ units. The strong frequency dependence and observation of hysteresis on the field dependence of the magnetization indicate that 1 is a single-molecule magnet.     

Iron(III) [bond] Salen complexes as enzyme models: mechanistic study of oxo(salen)iron complexes oxygenation of organic sulfides

The oxidation of a series of para-substituted phenyl methyl sulfides was carried out with several oxo(salen)iron (salen = N,N'-bis(salicylidine)ethylenediaminato) complexes in acetonitrile. The oxo complex [O=Fe(IV)(salen)](*+), generated from an iron(III) [bond] salen complex and iodosylbenzene, effectively oxidizes the organic sulfides to the corresponding sulfoxides. The formation of [O [double bond] Fe(IV)(salen)](*+) as the active oxidant is supported by resonance Raman studies. The kinetic data indicate that the reaction is first-order in the oxidant and fractional-order with respect to sulfide. The observed saturation kinetics of the reaction and spectral data indicate that the substrate binds to the oxidant before the rate-controlling step. The rate constant (k) values for the product formation step determined using Michaelis-Menten kinetics correlate well with Hammett sigma constants, giving reaction constant (rho) values in the range of -0.65 to -1.54 for different oxo(salen)iron complexes. The log k values observed in the oxidation of each aryl methyl sulfide by substituted oxo(salen)iron complexes also correlate with Hammett sigma constants, giving positive rho values. The substituent effect, UV-vis absorption, and EPR spectral studies indicate oxygen atom transfer from the oxidant to the substrate in the rate-determining step.     

Comparison between the geometric and electronic structures and reactivities of [FeNO]7 and [FeO2]8 complexes: a density functional theory study

In a previous study, we analyzed the electronic structure of S = 3/2 [FeNO](7) model complexes [Brown et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 715-732]. The combined spectroscopic data and SCF-X alpha-SW electronic structure calculations are best described in terms of Fe(III) (S = 5/2) antiferromagnetically coupled to NO(-) (S = 1). Many nitrosyl derivatives of non-heme iron enzymes have spectroscopic properties similar to those of these model complexes. These NO derivatives can serve as stable analogues of highly labile oxygen intermediates. It is thus essential to establish a reliable density functional theory (DFT) methodology for the geometry and energetics of [FeNO](7) complexes, based on detailed experimental data. This methodology can then be extended to the study of [FeO(2)](8) complexes, followed by investigations into the reaction mechanisms of non-heme iron enzymes. Here, we have used the model complex Fe(Me(3)TACN)(NO)(N(3))(2) as an experimental marker and determined that a pure density functional BP86 with 10% hybrid character and a mixed triple-zeta/double-zeta basis set lead to agreement between experimental and computational data. This methodology is then applied to optimize the hypothetical Fe(Me(3)TACN)(O(2))(N(3))(2) complex, where the NO moiety is replaced by O(2). The main geometric differences are an elongated Fe[bond]O(2) and a steeper Fe[bond]O[bond]O angle in the [FeO(2)](8) complex. The electronic structure of [FeO(2)](8) corresponds to Fe(III) (S = 5/2) antiferromagnetically coupled to O(2)(-) (S = 1/2), and, consistent with the extended bond length, the [FeO(2)](8) unit has only one Fe(III)-O(2)(-) bonding interaction, while the [FeNO](7) unit has both sigma and pi type Fe(III)-NO(-) bonds. This is in agreement with experiment as NO forms a more stable Fe(III)-NO(-) adduct relative to O(2)(-). Although NO is, in fact, harder to reduce, the resultant NO(-) species forms a more stable bond to Fe(III) relative to O(2)(-) due to the different bonding interactions.     

Synthesis, structure, and catalytic oxidation chemistry from the first oxo-imido Schiff base metal complexes

The molybdenum oxo-imido complex, [Mo(O)(NtBu)Cl2(dme)] (1), was obtained from the reaction between [MoO2Cl2(dme)] and [Mo(NtBu)2Cl2(dme)]. Reactions between [Mo(O)(NR)Cl2(dme)] (where R = tBu or 2,6-iPr2C6H3) and the disodium Schiff base compounds Na(2)(3,5-tBu2)2salen, Na(2)(3,5-tBu2)2salpen, and Na(2)(7-Me)2salen afforded the first oxo-imido transition metal Schiff base complexes: [Mo(O)(NtBu)[(3,5-tBu2)2salen]] (2), [Mo(O)(NtBu)[(3,5-tBu2)2salpen]] (3), and [Mo(O)(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)[(7-Me)2salen]] (4), respectively. The compounds [Mo(NtBu)2[(3,5-tBu2)2salpen]] (5) from [Mo(NtBu)2(NHtBu)2] and [Mo(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)(2)[(7-Me)2salen]](6) from [Mo(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)(2)(NHtBu)2] (7) are also reported. Compounds 1-7 were characterized by NMR, IR, and FAB mass spectroscopy while compounds 3, 4, and 5 were additionally characterized by X-ray crystallography. In conjunction with tBuOOH as oxidant, compound 3 is a catalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and cis-cyclooctene and 1-octene to the corresponding epoxides.     

Probing the reactivity of oxomanganese-salen complexes: an electrospray tandem mass spectrometric study of highly reactive intermediates

Electrospray ionization in combination with tandem mass spectrometric techniques has been employed to study the formation of oxomanganese-salen complexes upon oxidation of [Mn(III)(salen)]+ cations as well as the properties and reactions of the oxidized species in the gas phase. Two species could be characterized as the principal oxidation products: the oxomanganese(v) complex, [Mn=O(salen)]+, which is the actual oxygen-transfer agent in epoxidation reactions, and the dinuclear, mu-oxo bridged [L(salen)Mn-O-Mn(salen)L]2+ with two terminal ligands L; the latter acts as a reservoir species. The effects of various substituents in the 5- and 5'-positions, respectively, of the salen ligand on the reactivity of the epoxidation catalyst were determined quantitatively from CID (collision-induced dissociation) experiments and B3LYP density functional calculations. Accordingly, the effect of axial donor ligands on the reactivity of the epoxidation catalyst was studied. Electron-withdrawing substitutents on the salen ligand and additional axial ligands decrease the stability and thus enhance the reactivity of the Mn=O moiety, while electron-donating salen substituents have a strong stabilizing effect.     

Cation-cation complexes of pentavalent uranyl: from disproportionation intermediates to stable clusters

Three new cation-cation complexes of pentavalent uranyl, stable with respect to the disproportionation reaction, have been prepared from the reaction of the precursor [(UO(2)py(5))(KI(2)py(2))](n) (1) with the Schiff base ligands salen(2-), acacen(2-), and salophen(2-) (H(2)salen = N,N'-ethylene-bis(salicylideneimine), H(2)acacen = N,N'-ethylenebis(acetylacetoneimine), H(2)salophen = N,N'-phenylene-bis(salicylideneimine)). The preparation of stable complexes requires a careful choice of counter ions and reaction conditions. Notably the reaction of 1 with salophen(2-) in pyridine leads to immediate disproportionation, but in the presence of [18]crown-6 ([18]C-6) a stable complex forms. The solid-state structure of the four tetranuclear complexes, {[UO(2)(acacen)](4)[μ(8)-](2)[K([18]C-6)(py)](2)} (3) and {[UO(2)(acacen)](4)[μ(8)-]}?2?[K([222])(py)] (4), {[UO(2)(salophen)](4)[μ(8)-K](2)[μ(5)-KI](2)[(K([18]C-6)]}?2?[K([18]C-6)(thf)(2)]?2?I (5), and {[UO(2)(salen)(4)][μ(8)-Rb](2)[Rb([18]C-6)](2)} (9) ([222] = [222]cryptand, py = pyridine), presenting a T-shaped cation-cation interaction has been determined by X-ray crystallographic studies. NMR spectroscopic and UV/Vis studies show that the tetranuclear structure is maintained in pyridine solution for the salen and acacen complexes. Stable mononuclear complexes of pentavalent uranyl are also obtained by reduction of the hexavalent uranyl Schiff base complexes with cobaltocene in pyridine in the absence of coordinating cations. The reactivity of the complex [U(V)O(2)(salen)(py)][Cp*(2)Co] with different alkali ions demonstrates the crucial effect of coordinating cations on the stability of cation-cation complexes. The nature of the cation plays a key role in the preparation of stable cation-cation complexes. Stable tetranuclear complexes form in the presence of K(+) and Rb(+), whereas Li(+) leads to disproportionation. A new uranyl-oxo cluster was isolated from this reaction. The reaction of [U(V)O(2)(salen)(py)][Cp*(2)Co] (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) with its U(VI) analogue yields the oxo-functionalized dimer [UO(2)(salen)(py)](2)[Cp*(2)Co] (8). The reaction of the {[UO(2)(salen)(4)][μ(8)-K](2)[K([18]C-6)](2)} tetramer with protons leads to disproportionation to U(IV) and U(VI) species and H(2)O confirming the crucial role of the proton in the U(V) disproportionation.     

Cyanido-bridged Fe(III)-Mn(III) heterobimetallic materials built from Mn(III) Schiff base complexes and di- or tri-cyanido Fe(III) precursors

The reaction of [Fe(III)L(CN)(3)](-) (L being bpca = bis(2-pyridylcarbonyl)amidate, pcq = 8-(pyridine-2-carboxamido)quinoline) or [Fe(III)(bpb)(CN)(2)](-) (bpb = 1,2-bis(pyridine-2-carboxamido)benzenate) ferric complexes with Mn(III) salen type complexes afforded seven new bimetallic cyanido-bridged Mn(III)-Fe(III) systems: [Fe(pcq)(CN)(3)Mn(saltmen)(CH(3)OH)]·CH(3)OH (1), [Fe(bpca)(CN)(3)Mn(3-MeO-salen)(OH(2))]·CH(3)OH·H(2)O (2), [Fe(bpca)(CN)(3)Mn(salpen)] (3), [Fe(bpca)(CN)(3)Mn(saltmen)] (4), [Fe(bpca)(CN)(3)Mn(5-Me-saltmen)]·2CHCl(3) (5), [Fe(pcq)(CN)(3)Mn(5-Me-saltmen)]·2CH(3)OH·0.75H(2)O (6), and [Fe(bpb)(CN)(2)Mn(saltmen)]·2CH(3)OH (7) (with saltmen(2-) = N,N'-(1,1,2,2-tetramethylethylene)bis(salicylideneiminato) dianion, salpen(2-) = N,N'-propylenebis(salicylideneiminato) dianion, salen(2-) = N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylideneiminato) dianion). Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies were carried out for all these compounds indicating that compounds 1 and 2 are discrete dinuclear [Fe(III)-CN-Mn(III)] complexes while systems 3-7 are heterometallic chains with {-NC-Fe(III)-CN-Mn(III)} repeating units. These chains are connected through π-π and short contact interactions to form extended supramolecular networks. Investigation of the magnetic properties revealed the occurrence of antiferromagnetic Mn(III)···Fe(III) interactions in 1-4 while ferromagnetic Mn(III)···Fe(III) interactions were detected in 5-7. The nature of these Mn(III)···Fe(III) magnetic interactions mediated by a CN bridge appeared to be dependent on the Schiff base substituent. The packing is also strongly affected by the nature of the substituent and the presence of solvent molecules, resulting in additional antiferromagnetic interdinuclear/interchain interactions. Thus the crystal packing and the supramolecular interactions induce different magnetic properties for these systems. The dinuclear complexes 1 and 2, which possess a paramagnetic S(T) = 3/2 ground state, interact antiferromagnetically in their crystal packing. At high temperature, the complexes 3-7 exhibit a one-dimensional magnetic behavior, but at low temperature their magnetic properties are modulated by the supramolecular arrangement: a three-dimensional antiferromagnetic order with a metamagnetic behavior is observed for 3, 4, and 7, and Single-Chain Magnet properties are detected for 5 and 6.     

Mononitrosyl tris(thiolate) iron complex [Fe(NO)(SPh)3]- and dinitrosyl iron complex [(EtS)2Fe(NO)2]-: formation pathway of dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) from nitrosylation of biomimetic rubredoxin [Fe(SR)4]2-/1- (R = Ph, Et)

Nitrosylation of the biomimetic reduced- and oxidized-form rubredoxin [Fe(SR)4]2-/1- (R = Ph, Et) in a 1:1 stoichiometry led to the formation of the extremely air- and light-sensitive mononitrosyl tris(thiolate) iron complexes (MNICs) [Fe(NO)(SR)3]- along with byproducts [SR]- or (RS)2. Transformation of [Fe(NO)(SR)3]- into dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) [(RS)2Fe(NO)2]- and Roussin's red ester [Fe2(mu-SR)2(NO)4] occurs rapidly under addition of 1 equiv of NO(g) and [NO]+, respectively. Obviously, the mononitrosyl tris(thiolate) complex [Fe(NO)(SR)3]- acts as an intermediate when the biomimetic oxidized- and reduced-form rubredoxin [Fe(SR)4]2-/1- exposed to NO(g) were modified to form dinitrosyl iron complexes [(RS)2Fe(NO)2]-. Presumably, NO binding to the electron-deficient [Fe(III)(SR)4]- and [Fe(III)(NO)(SR)3]- complexes triggers reductive elimination of dialkyl/diphenyl disulfide, while binding of NO radical to the reduced-form [Fe(II)(SR)4]2- induces the thiolate-ligand elimination. Protonation of [Fe(NO)(SEt)3]- yielding [Fe(NO)(SPh)3]- by adding 3 equiv of thiophenol and transformation of [Fe(NO)(SPh)3]- to [Fe(NO)(SEt)3]- in the presence of 3 equiv of [SEt]-, respectively, demonstrated that complexes [Fe(NO)(SPh)3]- and [Fe(NO)(SEt)3]- are chemically interconvertible. Mononitrosyl tris(thiolate) iron complex [Fe(NO)(SPh)3]- and dinitrosyl iron complex [(EtS)2Fe(NO)2]- were isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The mean NO bond distances of 1.181(7) A (or 1.191(7) A) in complex [(EtS)2Fe(NO)2]- are nearly at the upper end of the 1.178(3)-1.160(6) A for the anionic {Fe(NO)2}9 DNICs, while the mean FeN(O) distances of 1.674(6) A (or 1.679(6) A) exactly fall in the range of 1.695(3)-1.661(4) A for the anionic {Fe(NO)2}9 DNICs.