Ce3+掺杂TiO2薄膜材料的制备改性及电致变色研究

以钛酸四丁酯和冰乙酸为原料,加定量的Ce(NO3)3引入Ce3,采用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍提拉镀膜法在ITO导电玻璃上制备Ce3+掺杂的TiO2薄膜.通过XRD、TG-DTA、SEM等手段对Ce3+掺杂TiO2粉末进行表征,使用电化学工作站对薄膜的电致变色性能进行测试,通过紫外-可见光分度计对薄膜进行检测.结果表明:掺杂Ce3+的浓度为2;,对薄膜的电致变色性能有较大的提高;掺杂越均匀,对薄膜的电致变色性能的影响越显著.     

银纳米线基透明电极的预处理优化及其在柔性电致变色器件中的应用

利用简单的离心抽滤处理,预先分离除去水热产物中具有较低长径比的纳米线及小尺寸颗粒,提高较高长径比银纳米线的产率.基于此高长径比银纳米线,在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)基底表面构建银纳米线/聚乙烯醇复合透明电极,并创新性地将此复合电极取代ITO电极,应用于WO3基柔性电致变色器件中,实现了器件图案化的循环变色,同时对器件的性能进行表征与分析.结果表明,电致变色器件的着色时间为16 s,褪色时间为9 s,且具有良好的氧化还原可逆性.此研究对金属纳米线基透明电极在诸多光电器件中的应用具有重要的参考价值.     

纳米结构WO3/TiO2复合薄膜的制备及应用进展

WO3/TiO2复合薄膜具有许多特性,是一种优良的光电功能薄膜材料.利用先进的制膜技术获得性能优异的纳米结构WO3/TiO2复合薄膜,对提高光电器件的性能及应用具有重要意义.本文着重介绍了溶胶-凝胶法、水热法、电沉积法和磁控溅射法制备纳米结构WO3/TiO2复合薄膜.总结了纳米结构WO3/TiO2复合薄膜在电致变色智能窗、光催化技术、湿度传感器上的应用.最后,针对纳米结构WO3/TiO2复合薄膜现状提出了未来发展趋势.     

Si/Ti原子比对TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜亲水性能与摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用直流(DC)反应磁控溅射法在玻璃上制备了不同Si/Ti原子比的TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜.使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、紫外可见分光光度计、CA-XP150型接触角仪、UMT-2型多功能微摩擦仪,研究了不同Si/Ti原子比的TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜微观结构、表面形貌、亲水性能和摩擦磨损性能.结果表明,所制备的纯TiO2薄膜具有锐钛矿结构,其平均晶粒尺寸为11 nm,TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜呈现非晶结构,其粒子尺寸相对减小;随着Si/Ti原子比的增大,薄膜在可见光区的平均透过率从76.6; 增加到84.3;.当复合薄膜中Si/Ti原子比为1:2时,薄膜的摩擦系数为0.11,薄膜具有最佳的亲水性能;在紫外光照射2 h后水接触角降到3.0°;在黑暗中放置30 h后水接触角略增加到7.7°.     

化学溶液分解法制备(Bi0.8Ce0.2)2Ti2O7薄膜及性能研究

采用化学溶液分解法(CSD)在p型Si<100>衬底上制备了(Bi0.8Ce0.2)2Ti2O7薄膜,采用X射线衍射技术研究了薄膜的结构和结晶性.研究表明:Ce3+部分取代Bi3+能够显著提高Bi2Ti2O7薄膜的相稳定性.同时还研究了薄膜的电容-电压特性、介电常数、介电损耗.结果表明,该薄膜具有良好的介电特性.     

WO3基电致变色器件的制备及性能研究

本文采用真空热蒸发法,在ITO基底上制备WO3薄膜,之后在空气气氛中对其进行了400℃,1 h的退火处理.SEM测试结果表明,退火后的WO3薄膜变得更为致密平整.将退火后的WO3薄膜,及通过溶胶凝胶法制得的TiO2-CeO2对电极薄膜和PC-PEO-LiClO4凝胶态电解质封装得到电致变色器件,以探索该退火处理对WO3薄膜电致变色性能的影响.结果表明,该WO3基电致变色器件在632.8 nm处的光学调制幅度达56.8;,记忆时间超过24 h,且具有良好的循环稳定性.本研究表明WO3薄膜的后期退火处理对制备高性能WO3基电致变色器件具有重要的意义.     

WO3薄膜的电致变色与响应时间机理研究

采用直流反应磁控溅射方法制备了纳米WO3薄膜,研究了溅射气压对WO3薄膜的表面形貌和微结构的影响.利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对WO3的微结构进行了表征.采用紫外-可见分光光度计和循环伏安测试系统对样品的电致变色及响应时间性能进行了研究.结果表明,纳米WO3薄膜的微孔结构特征具有较大的比表面积,有利于改善其电致变色性能.当溅射气压为4Pa时,WO3薄膜在可见光区的电致变色平均调色范围达到了71.6;,并且其着色响应时间为5 s,漂白响应时间为16 s.     

三维网络结构NiCo2S4@NiCo2O4复合电极的制备及其性能

超级电容器具有更大的功率密度、优秀的循环稳定性、极快的充放电速度、超长的循环寿命以及环境友好等突出特点,其性能与构件关系密切,其中最根本的就是组成它的电极材料。本研究主要采用传统的水热法制备出钴酸镍(NiCo₂O₄)电极材料,进而通过离子交换(二次水热)制得镍钴硫(NiCo₂S₄),最后利用化学浴沉积(CBD)法使其与钴酸镍复合,得到最终所需的三维网络结构NiCo₂S₄@NiCo₂O₄复合电极。经过表面形貌表征、循环伏安测试、恒电流充放电测试以及比电容计算分析等可以证明:三维网络结构NiCo₂S₄@NiCo₂O₄复合电极的比电容及循环稳定性等远远优于复合前单一的纯NiCo₂O₄电极材料,具有极大应用前景。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备LaNiO3薄膜及其电学性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在SiO2/Si衬底上制备了LaNiO3薄膜,并通过改变退火温度和薄膜厚度对其微结构和电学性能进行了表征测试.X射线衍射(XRD)和电阻率测试结果表明,随着退火温度和厚度的增加,LaNiO3薄膜的结晶质量明显提高,薄膜电阻率也逐渐下降.当退火温度为800℃时,厚度为630 nm的LaNiO3薄膜电阻率最小,达到了1.37 mQ·cm.此外,利用LaNiO3薄膜作为下电极制备的2; Nb-Pb(Zr06Ti0.4)O3薄膜呈良好的钙钛矿相结构,且经过1010铁电循环测试周期以后,2; Nb-Pb(Zr06Ti0.4)O3薄膜的铁电性能未出现明显下降,表明该LaNiO3薄膜是生长PNZT铁电薄膜的优良下电极材料.     

全薄膜电致变色元件的制备及其光学性能研究

采用磁控溅射法在单层玻璃基片上制备了由多层薄膜构成的电致变色元件,通过XRD、SEM等对薄膜及元件的晶体结构、表面形貌等进行了表征分析.采用可见光透射谱,研究了元件的电致变色性能.结果表明,较低的基片温度和较大的靶基距是采用磁控溅射制备电致变色元件的两个很重要的因素.所制备的全薄膜电致变色元件在处于漂白态和着色态时,对可见光的透过率分别达到了47.19;和15.67;,对光的透射率调节范围为31.52;.该全薄膜电致变色元件在电致变色智能窗领域具有较大的应用潜力.     

(C2N2H10)2Mg(HP2O7)2·2H2O synthesis and crystal structure

(C₂N₂H₁₀)₂Mg(HP₂O₇)₂·2H₂O, is a new inorganic organic hybrid structure. It has been synthetized using wet chemistry. Its crystal structure consists of cis- and trans-edge sharing [MgO₄(H₂O)₂] octahedra resulting in chains, which are linked via [HP₂O₇] units to form [Mg(HP₂O₇)₂(H₂O)₂]⁴⁻ layers. The Mg²⁺ cations and the ethylendiammonium cations are located on centers of inversion. The ethylendiammonium cations are alternately located in the interlayer space. The cohesion of the crystal is well ensured by coulombic interactions between anions and cations and by several hydrogen bonds. The diphosphate anion shows an eclipsed conformation.     

Crystal structure of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2]·2H2O

Single crystals of Rb₂[GeO₂(OH)₂] · 2H₂O are studied by X-ray diffraction. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic system, sp. gr. Pna2₁, a = 13.523(6) Å, b = 8.143(4) Å, c = 13.407(6) Å, Z = 8, R ₁ = 0.0506. In [GeO₂(OH)₂]^2? anions, the Ge-O distances (1.71–1.73(1) Å) are shorter than the Ge-OH distances (1.76–1.80(1) Å). Anions are linked to each other by pairs of hydrogen bonds to form infinite chains. The chains are linked by hydrogen bonds involving water molecules to form a 3D structure. The assignment of the bands in the IR spectrum of the compound under study is performed.     

通过SiO2涂层改善BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热性能

本文研究了SiO2涂层对BaSi2O2N2∶ Eu2蓝绿色荧光粉发光性能和热性能的影响.采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2包覆的BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+蓝绿色荧光粉.实验结果表明,最佳镀膜量为6wt;,当镀膜量大于此值时,荧光粉亮度迅速降低.涂覆SiO2后,在150℃下BaSi2O2 N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热猝灭性能提高了2.4;,在500℃热降解后荧光粉的发光性能提高了15;.SiO2涂层显著提高了BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+荧光粉的热稳定性.SiO2涂层的作用机理是在荧光粉表面和氧化气氛之间形成阻挡层,保护Eu2的发光中心在热加热过程中不被氧化.     

Crystal structure of bis 4-benzyl piperidinium monohydrogenmonophosphate pentahydrate, [C6H5CH2CHCH2CH2NH2CH2CH2]2HPO4·5H2O

The salt bis 4-benzyl piperidinium monohydrogenmonophosphate pentahydrate is orthorhombic with the following unit cell dimensions: a = 11.235(2) Å, b = 27.924(6) Å, c = 9.321(4) Å space group Pca2₁ with Z = 4. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined to final R value of 0.049 for 1802 independent reflections. The flack parameter is 0.14 with an e.s.d. of 0.23. The structure consists of infinite parallel two-dimensional [110] planes built of mutually connected ions and water molecules by strong O—H,...,O and N—H,...,O hydrogen bonding. There are no contacts other than normal van der Waals interactions between the layers.     

Identification of a new family of diphosphate compounds, AI2BII3(P2O7)2: Structures of Ag2Co3(P2O7)2, Ag2Mn3(P2O7)2, and Na2Cd3(P2O7)2

Syntheses and single-crystal X-ray structural results are reported for three new mixed diphosphates of the family A^I ₂B^II ₃(P₂O₇)₂; Ag₂Co₃(P₂O₇)₂ (I), Ag₂Mn₃(P₂O₇)₂ (II), and Na₂Cd₃(P₂O₇)₂ (III). All crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1 bar: (I) a = 5.351(4), b = 6.375(4), c = 16.532(4) Å, = 80.83(6) = 81.45(4), = 72.87(5)°, V = 528.9(6) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.649 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0428/0.0548 for 3949 obs. reflns; (II) a = 5.432(7), b = 6.619(6), c = 16.51(3) Å, = 80.78(8) = 82.43(9), = 72.82(7)°, V = 557.7(13) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.338 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0679/0.1303 for 2100 obs. reflns and (III) a = 5.67(3), b = 7.08(4), c = 7.90(4) Å, = 77.0(2), = 82.5(2), = 67.8(2)°, V = 286(3) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.249 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0307/0.0342 for 1945 obs. reflns. (I) and (II) are isostructural but (III) is of a different type. All three structures are characterized by layers of P₂O₇ groups alternating with layers of mixed metal atoms. Differences are seen in the conglomerate bonding patterns of B atoms and in the irregular geometry of Ag in (I) and (II) compared to the octahedral bonding seen for Na in (III). The differences in structure may be understood in terms of the ratios of the ionic radii of A and B atoms.     

Optical properties of the germanate melilites Sr2MgGe2O7, Sr2ZnGe2O7 and Ba2ZnGe2O7

Refractive indices and their dispersion in the wavelength range from 365 nm to 2325 nm and transmission ranges of the tetragonal melilite‐type germanates Sr₂MgGe₂O₇, Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ were determined. The uniaxial positive crystals Sr₂MgGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ both offer the possibility for phase matched second harmonic generation, a detailed analysis of phase matching conditions is given. The refractive indices of Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ show an isoindex (isotropic) point at 467 nm. The investigation was performed on Czochralski grown large single crystals. The crystal structure of all three germanates were determined by means of X ‐ray diffraction. The results corroborate unmodulated melilite‐type structures at room temperature. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Synthesis and characterization of (NH4)2CuBr2Cl2·2H2O crystals

Single crystals of a new compound, (NH₄)₂CuBr₂Cl₂.2H₂O, were grown from saturated aqueous solution at room temperature by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized through elemental, powder XRD, thermal and DSC analyses and FTIR and far IR spectra. The elemental analysis and the decomposition pattern formulated using the TG‐DTG studies confirm the stoichiometry of the compound. The crystallinity of the compound is confirmed from the powder XRD pattern. A preliminary single crystal X‐ray diffraction structural analysis reveals that the title compound belongs to the orthorhombic system with a = 7.7466 Å, b = 7.783 Å and c = 8.1211 Å. The low temperature DSC shows thermal anomalies at –161.1, –156.5, –152.4, –145.2, –134, –18.5, and 1.4°C during the heating run and at –4.3, –54.8, –66.1, –90.6, –109.7 and –147.2 °C during the cooling run. The thermal hysterses indicate first order phase transitions in the title compound at these temperatures. The FTIR spectra were used to assign the characteristic vibrational frequencies due to NH₄⁺, CuX₄^2– ions and other chemical bonds. The effect of substitution of two bromine atoms on the phase transitions of a closely related crystal, diammonium tetrachloro cuprate dihydrate is also discussed. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Oxygen-conducting compounds with La2Mo2O9 structure in the ternary system La2Mo2O9-Sm2W2O9-Sm2Mo2O 9 + : Synthesis and properties

Polycrystalline samples in the ternary system La₂Mo₂O₉-Sm₂W₂O₉-Sm₂Mo₂O ₉ ⁺ were synthesized in air. The region of the existence of compounds with the lanthanum molybdate (La₂Mo₂O₉) structure in this system was determined. The polymorphism of the synthesized compounds was studied. Doping with samarium or with samarium and tungsten was shown to lead to the suppression of the transition between the monoclinic and cubic phases α → β and the appearance of the transition β _ms → β between two cubic phases. In samples with a high samarium content, the phase transition β _ms → β manifests itself as significant anomalies in the temperature dependences of the dielectric permeability and electric conductivity. An increase in the concentration of samarium in the samples leads to a substantial decrease in the conductivity compared with the nondoped compound La₂Mo₂O₉.     

KBe2BO3F2和RbBe2BO3F2晶体中的孪晶缺陷

通过化学腐蚀和偏光显微镜,对KBe2BO3F2(KBBF)和RbBe2BO3F2 (RBBF)晶体中存在的一种条状孪晶缺陷进行了研究,观察了孪晶习性,探讨了其孪晶律,并结合晶体生长情况对该孪晶的形成原因进行了分析.