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1.
基于断裂力学的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命问题的研究常常将裂纹尖端应力展开项的高次项忽略,引起了裂纹扩展模拟的误差,本文考虑高次项T-stress对裂纹扩展角的影响,对裂纹扩展过程做了数值模拟,结果显示相同裂纹扩展长度下,考虑T-stress会延长裂纹扩展寿命。文章首先采用修正的Paris-Erdogan 公式计算了两端承受均布拉伸载荷的边缘斜裂纹板的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命,裂纹扩展方向采用两参数修正的最大拉应力准则。由于结构尺寸,材料特性和载荷等因素具有不确定性,导致疲劳裂纹扩展过程带有一定的随机性,本文以材料属性和载荷为随机变量,在随机有限元法的基础上,结合计算可靠度的四阶矩法,Edgeworth级数展开方法,提出随机参数服从任意分布时的结构疲劳裂纹扩展寿命可靠度的计算方法。分析了参数为非正态分布时的平板裂纹扩展寿命可靠度随裂纹扩展的变化过程。本文方法可预测工程中板裂纹的扩展行为,以及预测裂纹板的可靠度。  相似文献   

2.
飞机结构的裂纹扩展受到多种随机和认知不确定因素的影响。为了综合利用基于物理知识的模型预测结果与基于检查的观测结果,有效地追踪和控制不确定性,本文提出了一种基于数字孪生的飞机蒙皮裂纹智能检查维修策略。以铆钉孔边裂纹的飞机蒙皮为研究对象,该方法结合降阶的断裂力学仿真模型、疲劳裂纹扩展模型、裂纹长度检查数据,在动态贝叶斯网络框架下综合考虑了裂纹尺寸初始分布、材料参数、飞行载荷、测量误差等不确定因素,根据损伤的概率性诊断结果动态调整裂纹的检查与维修时间。仿真结果表明该方法能够有效追踪不确定性的裂纹扩展,可以为飞机蒙皮裂纹的智能检查维修提供方法和依据。  相似文献   

3.
用实验和数值模拟方法,研究在爆炸载荷下岩体内部一对平行裂纹对扩展主裂纹的影响规律。实验中,采用带有中心装药孔及预制裂纹的砂岩圆盘试件,利用由示波器、超动态应变仪及裂纹扩展计所组成的测试系统,监测主裂纹扩展速度和扩展距离;数值模拟中,采用了AUTODYN软件进行,模拟了主裂纹及两平行裂纹的扩展规律,对岩石材料,采用线性状态方程及最大拉应力失效准则,并在两平行裂纹间设置相应的观测点记录应力曲线。通过实验与数值模拟分析,得到:爆炸载荷下,紧随冲击波后的稀疏波经过两平行裂纹面反射后变成压缩波,并在两平行裂纹间产生垂直于主裂纹扩展方向的压应力,对裂纹的扩展有压制、止裂作用;而且,这种压应力的大小与两平行裂纹的间距有关,进而导致了不同的止裂效果,影响裂纹的扩展速度及最终扩展长度。  相似文献   

4.
沈珉  杨海元 《实验力学》1999,14(3):302-308
本文针对三种国产材料 Ly11cz、 Ly12cz 铝合金和 18 Mn H P钢,通过实验初步考察了循环塑性预应变和循环载荷压缩部分对疲劳裂纹扩展的影响;采用电测法,测定了两种铝合金材料疲劳裂纹扩展的张开应力和有效应力强度因子幅值比 U。结果表明:(1)材料循环塑性预应变和循环载荷压缩部分,都使疲劳裂纹扩展速率提高;(2)常幅载荷下,在疲劳裂纹稳定扩展阶段,有效应力强度因子幅值比 U 与应力比 R 有关,与裂纹长度a 无关,并依赖于材料的力学性能。  相似文献   

5.
脆性材料裂纹扩展的分形运动学   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23  
谢和平 《力学学报》1994,26(6):757-762
大量实验结果表明脆性材料裂纹扩展路径是弯弯曲曲的,不规则的,断裂表面粗糙不平,表现出分形特征。本文应用分形几何推导出脆性材料裂纹扩展的分形运动学公式,得到了动、静态断裂韧性与分形裂纹扩展速度、裂纹长度、微结构特征量δ_c以及分形维数之间的关系;推导出了裂纹扩展速度的计算公式,得出宏观量测的裂纹扩展速度V_0应小于分形裂纹扩展速度V;并推导出直接根据材料动、静态断裂韧性和裂纹扩展速度V_0估算材料裂纹扩展路径的分维计算公式.本文理论分析结果与实验值在定性定量上达到了较好的一致。  相似文献   

6.
主动探测裂纹和控制裂纹扩展的智能材料结构   总被引:20,自引:1,他引:19  
杜彦良  聂景旭 《力学进展》1994,24(4):499-510
将具有特殊力学和物理性能的形状记忆合金──NiTi合金复合于主体材料内部,利用NiTi合金的主要特性,可以实现对构件中裂纹的自行探测和控制.本文对这种材料结构的定义、NiTi形状记忆合金的主要特性、含NiTi合金的杂交复合材料的智能效果、国内外发展动态、自动探测裂纹和控制裂纹扩展的基本原理以及发展的方向和应重点研究的问题等进行了论述.我们通过试验研究证明,该材料结构用于裂纹的探测和裂纹扩展控制,其效果是明显的.  相似文献   

7.
谱载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展随机规律的实验研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
简要介绍了谱载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展试验的理论基础、方法和过程。讨论了各种数据处理方法对参数估计的影响,研究了疲劳裂纹扩展的随机规律。由试验得到的疲劳裂纹扩展试验数据估计了裂纹扩展方程的参数,计算出结构可靠度曲线,通过对试验结果的分析难证了以下结论:以时间为参量的裂纹扩展随机过程模型和以裂纹长度为参量的模型在一定条件下是统一的;数据处理方法的选择与可靠性分析的结果有密切的联系;裂纹扩展寿命受裂纹扩展队机  相似文献   

8.
为了研究短纤维/橡胶复合材料裂纹在拉伸载荷作用下的扩展演化规律,应用扩展有限元法对预制裂纹的短纤维/橡胶复合材料的裂纹扩展进行了数值模拟。采用随机顺序吸附算法在ABAQUS软件中生成短纤维分布模型,分析了失效准则参数(最大许用主应力和裂纹表面能)、短纤维细观参数(体积含量、长度和取向角)对裂纹扩展行为的影响规律,探究了短纤维的增韧机理,数值结果与试验结果吻合。研究结果表明:降低基体材料的损伤阈值可以实现裂纹的扩展,而不改变裂纹扩展特征;短纤维增强相的存在会改变裂纹的扩展方向,使裂纹的扩展路径呈现复杂性从而提高材料抗撕裂性能;裂纹扩展路径曲折度随短纤维含量、长度和取向角的增加而增大,试样拉断时所需要消耗的功增大,抗撕裂性提高。  相似文献   

9.
本文应用随机平均原理研究了在随机载荷作用下具有随机抗裂特性的构件所含半椭圆型表面裂纹的疲劳扩展。导出了支配半椭圆型表面裂纹尺寸的转移概率密度的FPK方程,给出了裂纹扩展方程在表面和深度两个方向互不耦合情形下的解析解。通过数例详细考察了具有确定性抗裂特性的构件所含半椭圆型表面疲劳裂纹在平稳窄带高斯应力作用下的扩展行为,并有和数字模拟验证方法的有效性。  相似文献   

10.
复合型裂纹的扩展路径不同于Ⅰ型裂纹,会沿着与初始裂纹面不同的方向扩展,扩展路径的准确预测对扩展速率的评估具有重要的作用。采用最大周向应力准则和最小应变能密度准则进行扩展路径的预测时,开裂角的误差会使裂纹不断偏离实际路径,造成最终结果的较大偏差。本文将复合裂纹在扩展过程中的弯折裂纹简化为直线裂纹,对简化过程中所产生的误差进行定量分析,并在此基础上提出了一种描述复合型裂纹扩展路径的等效修正模型。将此模型写入ABAQUS扩展有限元模块,实现了基于等效修正模型的疲劳裂纹扩展程序。通过对含中心斜裂纹板的疲劳裂纹扩展试验,验证了本模型的有效性,预测的开裂角与试验结果基本一致,所得到的载荷循环次数低于试验值,对含裂纹结构的寿命评估偏于保守。  相似文献   

11.
MESHLESS METHOD FOR 2D MIXED-MODE CRACK PROPAGATION BASED ON VORONOI CELL   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A meshless method integrated with linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) is presented for 2D mixed-mode crack propagation analysis. The domain is divided automatically into sub-domains based on Voronoi cells, which are used for quadrature for the potential energy. The continuous crack propagation is simulated with an incremental crack-extension method which assumes a piecewise linear discretization of the unknown crack path. For each increment of the crack extension, the meshless method is applied to carry out a stress analysis of the cracked structure. The J-integral, which can be decomposed into mode I and mode II for mixed-mode crack, is used for the evaluation of the stress intensity factors (SIFs). The crack-propagation direction, predicted on an incremental basis, is computed by a criterion defined in terms of the SIFs. The flowchart of the proposed procedure is presented and two numerical problems are analyzed with this method. The meshless results agree well with the experimental ones, which validates the accuracy and efficiency of the method.  相似文献   

12.
材料断裂面的泛形特征是由于材料内部不均匀造成的.本文利用纳米压痕实验测得的弹性模量随机样本,得到了表示材料非均匀特性的Weibull统计分布参数;对含裂纹的HT250试件的裂纹扩展过程进行了基于扩展有限元法的数值模拟,在此结果上计算了裂纹扩展路径的泛形复杂度,模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好;分析了铝合金7075不同均质度对非均匀模型裂纹扩展的影响.研究结果表明,灰口铸铁的Ⅰ型裂纹扩展路径具有泛形特征,裂纹的泛形复杂度依赖于材料的非均匀性且呈负相关关系.该研究方法也适用于其他应力应变呈单值关系材料的裂纹扩展分析.  相似文献   

13.
The elastic buckling analysis and the static postbuckling response of the Euler–Bernoulli microbeams containing an open edge crack are studied based on a modified couple stress theory. The cracked section is modeled by a massless elastic rotational spring. This model contains a material length scale parameter and can capture the size effect. The von Kármán nonlinearity is applied to display the postbuckling behavior. Analytical solutions of a critical buckling load and the postbuckling response are presented for simply supported cracked microbeams. This parametric study indicates the effects of the crack location, crack severity, and length scale parameter on the buckling and postbuckling behaviors of cracked microbeams.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Discussed is the fracture behavior of a cracked smart actuator on a substrate under thermal load. The actuator is made of piezoelectric material with functionally graded material (FGM) properties. Integral transform method is used to reduce the problem to the solution of a set of singular integral equations and is solved numerically. This paper is completed by including graphical plots of the thermal flow, stress and electric displacement intensity factors around the crack for different crack positions and material gradients. Directions of crack initiation are also predicted by using the energy density criterion.  相似文献   

16.
A numerical method is developed to simulate complex two-dimensional crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials considering random heterogeneous fracture properties. Potential cracks are represented by pre-inserted cohesive elements with tension and shear softening constitutive laws modelled by spatially-varying Weibull random fields. Monte Carlo simulations of a concrete specimen under uni-axial tension were carried out with extensive investigation of the effects of important numerical algorithms and material properties on numerical efficiency and stability, crack propagation processes and load-carrying capacities. It was found that the homogeneous model led to incorrect crack patterns and load–displacement curves with strong mesh-dependence, whereas the heterogeneous model predicted realistic, complicated fracture processes and load-carrying capacity of little mesh-dependence. Increasing the variance of the tensile strength random fields with increased heterogeneity led to reduction in the mean peak load and increase in the standard deviation. The developed method provides a simple but effective tool for assessment of structural reliability and calculation of characteristic material strength for structural design.  相似文献   

17.
This work is concerned with the application of the volume energy density criterion for predicting the crack trajectories as influenced by mechanical and thermal disturbance in an anisotropic material. Two-dimensional linear thermoelasticity is employed in conjunction with the well-known complex potentials such that a linear relationship is obtained for the boundary conditions across the crack or line of discontinuity. Boundary collocation is then used to determine the unknown coefficients from which the contours of the volume energy density in the cracked plate can be obtained. The crack path is assumed to coincide with the loci where dilatation would dominate. This corresponds to the locations of relative minimum energy density which can be found by visual inspection. An equal and opposite mechanical stress and thermal gradient are applied on the cracked plate. The former and latter enhance symmetric and asymmetric crack growth, respectively. They would complete depending on the magnitude of the mechanical and thermal load. Numerical results are presented for three (3) different cases of a plate whose principal axes of material symmetry are tilted to the crack plane. The influence of anisotropy on crack path is found to be secondary.  相似文献   

18.
Thermo-electro-structural coupled analyses of crack arrest by Joule heating   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Using the finite element method, thermo-electro-structural coupled analyses of the cracked conducting plate under high electric current have been solved. The crack contact condition and temperature-dependent material properties are considered in this analysis. The crack tip temperature, electric current density factor, stress intensity factor and strain energy density factor are obtained for discussions. Due to high electric current density and Joule heating at the crack tip, a circular melting area may exist around the tip. After cooling, a circular void or hole may occur at the crack tip and the crack arrest is achieved. The crack tip temperature decreases when the crack contact area increases. The proper tensile load is necessary for making the crack open enough and causing high current density at the crack tip and associated crack arrest. On the other hand, the crack tip temperature increases with time by the increasing external current and Joule heating. The values of mode-I stress intensity factor and strain energy density factor decrease with time due to the thermal deformation around the crack tip. Because of the temperature-dependent resistivity, the variation of the electric current density factor is complicated. In addition, it is not easy to create a crack-arrest condition when the crack length relative to the plate width is too small.  相似文献   

19.
本文对含裂纹焊接接头的简化模型——软夹硬不均匀裂纹体和硬夹软不均匀裂纹体——进行了弹塑性有限元分析,研究了材质力学性能不均匀性对OOD的影响规律.还研究了在静载和疲劳载荷下材质不均匀性对软夹硬不均匀体裂纹扩展行为的影响.  相似文献   

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