基于多模型分段拟合的光纤陀螺温度误差补偿方法

传统光纤陀螺温度误差采用单一模型进行建模与补偿,存在模型适配性较差的问题。考虑到光纤陀螺在不同温度区间的温度特性存在明显差异,为提高光纤陀螺温度误差补偿精度,提出了基于多模型分段拟合的光纤陀螺温度误差补偿方法。设计了-15⁵0℃区间内温度实验,在大量实测数据分析基础上,将陀螺温度特性按照低、中、高三个温度区间,分别建立三种不同阶次的温度误差模型。采用分段拟合的方法进行误差建模,并利用所建模型对光纤陀螺进行了温度误差补偿。实测数据表明,提出方法能够有效改善光纤陀螺的温度漂移,补偿后漂移标准差减少66.67%。     

激光陀螺漂移数据建模及分析

根据激光陀螺漂移数据中存在的多种噪声及其特点，针对激光陀螺漂移数据建模问题，比较了几种建模方法，认为DDS法有较好的实用性，并利用该方法对激光陀螺漂移数据进行了建模，得出了实测的激光陀螺漂移数据的模型。采用了多种检验方法对所建模型进行了检验。检验结果表明，用DDS法对激光陀螺漂移数据建模是合适的。     

环形激光陀螺人工神经网络温度漂移建模

研究了系统在常温条件下开机后,壳体密闭条件下环形激光陀螺(RLG)漂移的温度特性建模问题。一系列不同环境温度条件下的RLG自升温实验表明,由于系统壳体的保温和隔温功能,系统内部温度场变化缓慢、均匀,此时漂移的变化主要与内部温度场的温度值变化相关。利用一组25℃-55℃范围内静态漂移测试数据作为学习样本,建立起基于BP和RBF神经网络的温度漂移补偿模型,并利用四组不同测试条件下测得的静态数据对文中模型进行检验。结果表明,若采用均方根误差(RMS)指标进行评价,则得到的温度漂移模型可以有效补偿RLG的漂移输出趋势项,使陀螺的稳定性指标提高20%-40%,且BP网络建模补偿精度优于常规最小二乘中的一阶线性分段拟合,RBF网络建模优于二阶抛物线分段拟合。     

光纤陀螺热致漂移误差的模糊补偿(英文)

针对光纤陀螺启动过程中的热致漂移误差问题,研究了一种模糊模型补偿方案。依据Shupe非互易性理论和Mohr加热模型试验的结论,以光纤环内侧温度和温度变化率为输入,以陀螺漂移为输出,建立了二输入一输出模糊模型。利用全温范围(-25℃～45℃)内光纤陀螺的恒温静态试验数据,基于自适应神经网络模糊推理系统的自学习功能,辨识出模糊规则库。通过实时施行模糊推理可实现光纤陀螺温度漂移的在线自动补偿。室温验证试验表明,陀螺的零偏稳定性由补偿前的0.037(°)/h提高到0.017(°)/h,陀螺启动时间由补偿前的30 min减少为2 min。     

车载RINS方位陀螺温度漂移模型在线修正方法

方位陀螺漂移是影响车载旋转调制惯性导航系统（RINS）精度的重要因素。针对长期使用中方位陀螺温度漂移模型逐渐失效而导致补偿效果下降的情况,提出了一种基于遗忘因子最小二乘的车载RINS方位陀螺温度漂移模型在线修正方法。利用车载实验中停车阶段的速度作为量测,通过Kalman滤波器对方位陀螺漂移进行估计,之后采用遗忘因子最小二乘对陀螺漂移模型进行在线修正。仿真结果表明所提出的方法可以对陀螺漂移模型进行有效修正。车载导航试验表明,车载RINS系统工作一年以上的时间后,利用所提方法对初始的漂移模型修正后,导航过程最大径向位置精度可提升78%,验证了所提出的方法的有效性。     

基于提升小波与灰色神经网络的光纤陀螺振动误差建模

光纤陀螺在振动环境下的输出具有噪声大、漂移强的特性,必须建立合理的振动误差模型,以便使用精确的算法进行补偿,从而提高光纤陀螺的输出精度。文中首先使用Allan方差分析法分析了某型号的数字闭环光纤陀螺在振动环境下的输出信号,随后利用提升小波分离出了光纤陀螺误差模型中的白噪声及漂移误差,并提出了基于灰色理论和RBF神经网络的漂移误差建模方法。仿真结果表明,相较于传统的RBF神经网络模型,基于提升小波的灰色RBF神经网络的漂移误差建模方法能有效滤除白噪声,并将漂移误差模型的建模精度提高了一倍左右。该方法能够有效提高光纤陀螺在振动环境下的输出精度,对光纤陀螺在振动环境下的误差研究具有重要指导意义。     

陀螺仪启动漂移特性的神经网络建模研究

本文针对某型陀螺启动特性进行了试验研究,在陀螺启动漂移特性试验数据基础上,用神经网络建立了启动漂移速率温度的非线性模型,并对模型进行了检验,证实了神经网络的有效性.     

一种光纤陀螺温度误差分段补偿新方法（英文）

分析了光纤陀螺的温度特性,设计了大范围的温度测试,研究了不同温度和温度变化率对光纤陀螺输出的影响,研究了光纤陀螺在不同温度范围内的温度特性。为了提高温度误差补偿精度,根据陀螺温度特性将温度分为低、中、高三个区间,分别利用人工神经网络进行误差建模,提出了一种多模型分段拟合的新方法。根据建立的模型进行温度误差补偿,补偿结果表明,建立的模型能有效地减小了光纤陀螺的温度漂移,精度提高了一个量级。     

一种基于多尺度和改进支持向量机的光纤陀螺温度漂移建模与补偿方法

为了提升光纤陀螺温度漂移模型建模的准确性及补偿的效果,提出了一种基于改进支持向量机的多尺度建模和回归方法。首先分析了造成光纤陀螺温度漂移的关键因素,给出了建模的属性参数和温度试验。然后根据经验模态分解得到的本征模态函数排列熵的变化趋势,得出了回归精度和熵之间的变化关系,进而提出了基于信号分解的多尺度回归方法。为了提高上述多尺度回归算法的适应性,在传统支持向量机的基础上,提出了基于组合核函数的支持向量机回归算法,以适应不同特性的回归数据集。为了进一步提高回归精度,基于降低回归数据复杂度的分段回归思想,在上述多尺度回归的基础上提出了双-多尺度回归,并验证了方法的有效性。最后,将提出的算法以实际的光纤陀螺温度漂移数据进行验证,结果表明,相比于传统的支持向量机和反向传播神经网络具有更好的回归精度,温度漂移模型也更加精确,以均方误差指标为例,回归精度提升了两个数量级。     

静电陀螺伺服测漂数据处理方法研究

静电陀螺仪通常用于空间稳定系统中,因此用伺服法进行漂移测试和建模具有现实意义。本文讨论了一种静电陀螺伺服测漂数据处理的方法,对三次伺服测漂试验数据进行了分析和处理。考虑到伺服测漂中失调角甚小,采用简化常值漂移模型,参数估计采用离散卡尔曼滤波以提高精度,并用时间序列分析法建立随机漂移模型。拟合结果表明,上述方法对建立和辨识高精度静电陀螺漂移模型具有较高精度。     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.     

Impact non-pénétrant sur le thorax : influence de la courbure sur la propagation des ondesNonpenetrating impact on the thorax: influence of curvature on wave propagation

Theoretical studies of the propagation of impact waves through the thorax are needed to improve the design of bulletproof jackets and blast protections (Fung in ‘Biomechanics Motions, Flow, Stress, and Growth’, Springer-Verlag, 1990; Cooper et al., J. Trauma 40 (1996) S38–S41). The influence of the weak acoustic coupling at the interface between the thoracic wall and the lung were described in (Grimal et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. IIB 329 (2001) 655–662); in this work, we study, within the frame of elastodynamics and with an approximate analytical method, the effects of the curvature of this interface. Results are given in terms of strain energy for the pressure wave, transmitted or converted. Focalisation of energy in the medium representing the lung is important for curvatures measured in humans. To cite this article: Q. Grimal et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 569–574.     

Vérification expérimentale de la relation de réciprocité d'Onsager pour l'électro-osmose et l'électro-filtration dans une argile naturelleExperimental verification of the Onsager's reciprocal relations for electro-osmosis and electro-filtration phenomena on a saturated clay

This Note is devoted to the experimental verification of the Onsager's reciprocal relations in the particular case of electro-osmosis and electro-filtration. A special set up has been designed to carry out the measurements of both the electro-osmotic permeability and the streaming potential. This has been performed by using a natural material i.e., saturated kaolinite. To cite this article: K. Beddiar et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 893–898.