Tailoring particle shape for enhancing the homogeneity of powder mixtures:Experimental study and DEM modelling

The effect of particle shape modification on the segregation reduction of enzyme granules in laundry detergent powder mixtures was investigated,both experimentally and computationally using Deseret Element Method(DEM).The shape of modified enzyme particles was in such a way that the large and dense enzyme particles were layered by other fine particles in the detergent powder,by means of a process known in the literature as“seeded granulation”.It is found that the homogeneity of modified enzyme particles could be improved significantly comparing to the original spherical enzyme particles in powder mixtures.Overall,the results of this research demonstrated that the segregation-induced properties of the dense/spherical enzyme particles could be lowered by altering their shape,which could enable the enzyme particles to behave almost similar to other ingredients during the pile formation process.     

Improving the hydrodynamic performance of the SUBOFF bare hull model: a CFD approach

The main aims of this study are to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV),calculate its hydrodynamic coefficients,and consider the flow characteristics of underwater bodies.In addition,three important parts of the SUBOFF bare hull,namely the main body,nose,and tail,are modified and redesigned to improve its hydrodynamic performance.A three-dimensional(3D)simulation is carried out using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method.To simulate turbulence,the k-ωshear stress transport(SST)model is employed,due to its good prediction capability at reasonable computational cost.Considering the effects of the length-to-diameter ratio(LTDR)and the nose and tail shapes on the hydrodynamic coefficients,it is concluded that a hull shape with bullet nose and sharp tail with LTDR equal to 7.14 performs better than the SUBOFF model.The final proposed model shows lower drag by about 14.9%at u=1.5 m·s^-1.Moreover,it produces 8 times more lift than the SUBOFF model at u=6.1 m·s^-1.These effects are due to the attachment of the fluid flow at the tail area of the hull,which weakens the wake region.     

Analysis of a two-grid method for semiconductor device problem

The mathematical model of a semiconductor device is governed by a system of quasi-linear partial differential equations.The electric potential equation is approximated by a mixed finite element method,and the concentration equations are approximated by a standard Galerkin method.We estimate the error of the numerical solutions in the sense of the Lqnorm.To linearize the full discrete scheme of the problem,we present an efficient two-grid method based on the idea of Newton iteration.The main procedures are to solve the small scaled nonlinear equations on the coarse grid and then deal with the linear equations on the fine grid.Error estimation for the two-grid solutions is analyzed in detail.It is shown that this method still achieves asymptotically optimal approximations as long as a mesh size satisfies H=O(h^1/2).Numerical experiments are given to illustrate the efficiency of the two-grid method.     

Shape of free-fall arch in quasi-2D silo

In this study,the optical flow method is used to measure the velocity distribution of a granular flow in a rectangular quasi-two-dimensional silo.Using the velocity gradient,a free-fall arch(FFA)is obtained and its geometric characteristics are calculated.A parabola-shaped FFA structure is discovered above the orifice in the steady flow state.The shape of the FFA affects the flow rate through the orifice.Furthermore,as jamming begins to occur,the geometry of the FFA disappears gradually from both sides and then from the middle;finally,the FFA disappears completely in the state of jamming.As the boundary between finite-stress and stress-free regions,the FFA facilitates further studies regarding the discontinuity of the stress area above the orifice.     

A drag force formula for heterogeneous granular flow systems based on finite average statistical method

The existing drag models are mostly based on the assumption of homogenous fluidization.However,the use of a homogeneous drag model to predict a heterogeneous granular flow system will cause a deviation.In this study,we developed a drag force model based on the assumption of heterogeneous fluidization.To prevent weakening of the heterogeneous characteristics in the drag force formula,we propose a finite average statistical method to filter the information of the heterogeneous granular cluster.The filtered information was used to fit the modified drag formula,which can reflect the heterogeneity of the granular cluster considering different configurations.A comparison shows that the new proposed drag formula filtered by the finite average statistical method fits well with energy minimization multi-scale simulation results.     

A numerical investigation of CO2 dilution on the thermochemical characteristics of a swirl stabilized diffusion flame

The turbulent combustion flow modeling is performed to study the effects of CO_2 addition to the fuel and oxidizer streams on the thermochemical characteristics of a swirl stabilized diffusion flame. A flamelet approach along with three well-known turbulence models is utilized to model the turbulent combustion flow field. The k-ω shear stress transport(SST) model shows the best agreement with the experimental measurements compared with other models. Therefore, the k-ω SST model is used to study the effects of CO_2 dilution on the flame structure and strength, temperature distribution, and CO concentration. To determine the chemical effects of CO_2 dilution, a fictitious species is replaced with the regular CO_2 in both the fuel stream and the oxidizer stream. The results indicate that the flame temperature decreases when CO_2 is added to either the fuel or the oxidizer stream. The flame length reduction is observed at all levels of CO_2 dilution. The H radical concentration indicating the flame strength decreases, following by the thermochemical effects of CO_2 dilution processes. In comparison with the fictitious species dilution, the chemical effects of CO_2 addition enhance the CO mass fraction. The numerical simulations show that when the dilution level is higher, the rate of the flame length reduction is more significant at low swirl numbers.     

Static output feedback stabilization for second-order singular systems using model reduction methods

In this paper,the static output feedback stabilization for large-scale unstable second-order singular systems is investigated.First,the upper bound of all unstable eigenvalues of second-order singular systems is derived.Then,by using the argument principle,a computable stability criterion is proposed to check the stability of secondorder singular systems.Furthermore,by applying model reduction methods to original systems,a static output feedback design algorithm for stabilizing second-order singular systems is presented.A simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the design algorithm.     

Geometric and material nonlinearities of sandwich beams under static loads

A new theory developed from extended high-order sandwich panel theory(EHSAPT)is set up to assess the static response of sandwich panels by considering the geometrical and material nonlinearities simultaneously.The geometrical nonlinearity is considered by adopting the Green-Lagrange-type strain for the face sheets and core.The material nonlinearity is included as a piecewise function matched to the experimental stress-strain curve using a polynomial fitting technique.A Ritz technique is applied to solve the governing equations.The results show that the stress stiffening feature is well captured in the geometric nonlinear analysis.The effect of the geometric nonlinearity in the face sheets on the displacement response is more significant when the stiffness ratio of the face sheets to the core is large.The geometric nonlinearity decreases the shear stress and increases the normal stress in the sandwich core.By comparison with open literature and finite element simulations,the present nonlinear EHSAPT is shown to be sufficiently precise for estimating the nonlinear static response of sandwich beams by considering the geometric and material nonlinearities simultaneously.     

第七届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛试题

一、小球在高脚玻璃杯中的运动(20分) 一半球形高脚玻璃杯,半径r=5cm,其质量m1=0.3kg,杯底座半径R=5cm,厚度不计,杯脚高度h=10cm.如果有一个质量m2=0.1kg的光滑小球自杯子的边缘由静止释放后沿杯的内侧滑下,小球的半径忽略不计.     

罐内爆炸成型技术在修复结晶器中的实验研究

随着连铸生产的发展,易损件结晶器铜管的消耗越来越大,使用报废的铜管结晶器越积越多.为重复利用结晶器,采用罐内爆炸成型技术做修复实验.针对200×200规格的结晶器铜管修复选择参数为:导爆索间距t=20mm;导爆索距离铜管外表20mm;炸药筒长度依据铜管长度加100mm确定.依据方案给出具体实验案例,成型后的结晶器经过测量表明修复后的结晶器完全可以再次利用.尤其,为实现厂内、连续、方便的修复结晶器,提出在1kgTNT当量爆炸罐体内实现.实验表明结晶器可以实现厂内便捷修复.     

点阵材料夹芯悬臂梁在端部承受撞击的动力响应分析

利用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS分析了点阵材料夹芯悬臂梁在端部受刚性质量块撞击时的弹塑性动力响应,考察了刚性块质量和冲击速度变化时对梁端部最大位移的影响.对给定的刚性块质量和速度,考察了芯层的拓扑构型变化时对最大位移的影响,并对刚塑性理论解与有限元计算进行了比较,结果表明:当动载赋予结构的总输出能量与结构的最大弹性能容量之比较大时,两者给出的悬臂梁端部达到最大位移的时间及位移峰值比较接近.     

Inertial migration of aerosol particles in three-dimensional microfluidic channels

In recent years,manipulation of particles by inertial microfluidics has attracted significant attention.However,most studies focused on inertial focusing of particles suspended within liquid phase,in which the ratio of the density of the particle to that of the medium is O(1).The investigation on manipulation of aerosol particles in an inertial microfluidics is very limited.In this study,we numerically investigate the aerosol particle's motion in a 3D straight microchannel with rectangular cross section by fully resolved simulation of the particle-air flow.The air flow is modeled by the Navier-Stokes equations.The particle's motions,including translation and rotation,are governed,respectively,by the Newton's second law and the Euler equations without using any approximation models for the lift and drag forces.The coupled mathematical model is numerically solved by combining immersed boundary with lattice Boltzmann method(IB-LBM).We find that the Reynolds number(Re),the particle's initial position,particle's density and diameter are the influential parameters in this process.The equilibrium positions and their stabilities of aerosols are different from those suspended in liquid.     

Numerically simulated behavior of radiative Fe3O4 and multi-walled carbon nanotube hybrid nanoparticle flow in presence of Lorentz force

Free convection in hybrid nanomaterial-saturated permeable media is crucial in various engineering applications.The present study aims to investigate the free convection of an aqueous-based hybrid nanomaterial through a zone under the combined effect of the Lorentz force and radiation.The natural convection of the hybrid nanomaterial is modeled by implementing a control volume finite element method(CVFEM)-based code,whereas Darcy assumptions are used to model the porosity terms in the momentum buoyancy equation involving the average Nusselt number Nu_ave,flow streamlines,and isotherm profiles.A formula for estimating Nu_ave is proposed.The results show that the magnetic force retards the flow,and the fluid tends to attract the magnetic field source.Nu_ave is directly correlated with the Rayleigh number and radiation;however,it is indirectly dependent on the Hartmann number.Conduction is the dominant mode at larger Darcy and Hartmann numbers.     

AIMS AND SCOPE

PARTICUOLOGY,an international bimonthly journal,is jointly sponsored by the Chinese Society of Particuology and the Institute of Process Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Elsevier B.V.and Science Press.The word PARTICUOLOGY was coined to parallel the technical terminology for the science and technology of particles by combining the Latin prefix particula for particles and the Greek suffix logia denoting subject of study.PARTICUOLOGY is built upon all related branches of the physical sciences(especially physics and chemistry)and mathematics,and connects their fundamental laws to engineering particle systems,     

Recent progress in compressible turbulence

In this paper, we review some recent studies on compressible turbulence conducted by the authors' group,which include fundamental studies on compressible isotropic turbulence(CIT) and applied studies on developing a constrained large eddy simulation(CLES) for wall-bounded turbulence. In the first part, we begin with a newly proposed hybrid compact–weighted essentially nonoscillatory(WENO) scheme for a CIT simulation that has been used to construct a systematic database of CIT. Using this database various fundamental properties of compressible turbulence have been examined, including the statistics and scaling of compressible modes, the shocklet–turbulence interaction, the effect of local compressibility on small scales, the kinetic energy cascade, and some preliminary results from a Lagrangian point of view. In the second part, the idea and formulas of the CLES are reviewed, followed by the validations of CLES and some applications in compressible engineering problems.     

Acta Mechanica Sinica

<正>Aims and Scope Acta Mechanica Sinica(AMS)is an international journal founded in 1985,published by Springer,and sponsored by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM).The Journal aims to report recent developments in mechanics and other related fields of research.It covers all disciplines in the field of theoretical and applied mechanics,including solid     

A review of research on nanoparticulate flow undergoing coagulation

Nanoparticulate flows occur in a wide range of natural phenomena and engineering applications and, hence,have attracted much attention. The purpose of the present paper is to provide a review of the research conducted over the last decade. The research covered relates to the Brownian coagulation of monodisperse and polydisperse particles, the Taylor-series expansion method of moment, and nanoparticle distributions due to coagulation in pipe and channel flow,jet flow, and the mixing layer and in the process of flame synthesis and deposition.     

第八届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛(个人赛)顺利举行

受教育部高等教育司委托,教育部高等学校力学教学指导委员会力学基础课程教学指导分委员会、中国力学学会和周培源基金会共同举办的第八届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛(个人赛)于2011年5月22日上午8:30～12:00分别在全国39个大中城市同时举行.本次竞赛准备工作自2010年11月发出第一轮通知开始,通过全国各地方学会的积极筹备,组织报名工作,共有来自全国29个省、市及自治区的280余所高校的17026名学生报名参赛.中国力学学会副理事长龙勉、刘人怀、卢天健、杨卫、张洪武、周哲玮,中国力学学会秘书长冯西桥,中国力学学会专