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1.
根据等效岩体理论,并考虑闭合裂隙面摩擦效应,建立了含多组贯穿闭合裂隙岩体的数学模型,给出了岩体轴向应变、等效弹性模量与等效泊松比的表达式,系统地研究了岩块性质和裂隙参数对等效弹性模量与等效泊松比的影响。结果表明:岩块弹性模量对等效弹性模量与等效泊松比的影响随弹性模量增大而逐渐减弱,等效泊松比与岩块泊松比近似呈正比例关系;当裂隙角度小于50°时,裂隙几何参数对等效弹性模量影响较大,对等效泊松比影响较小,随着角度增大,影响逐渐减弱;岩体变形受裂隙组数影响较大,由于闭合裂隙面的摩擦效应及多组裂隙间的制约作用,含两组及三组裂隙时岩体变形较小,只含一组裂隙时岩体变形最大,无裂隙岩体变形几乎可以忽略。  相似文献   

2.
王挺  张蕊  郭然 《固体力学学报》2021,42(4):490-500
采用含界面相Voronoi单元有限元法,根据广义胡克定律,计算了在给定边界条件下,颗粒增强复合材料的等效弹性常数。建立了含多个随机分布的椭圆形夹杂及界面相的VCFEM模型,分析了夹杂体分比,界面相厚度和界面相弹性模量等因素对颗粒增强复合材料等效弹性常数的影响,并利用普通有限元方法对比验证。结果表明,当界面相弹性模量小于基体与夹杂时,材料的等效弹性模量会随着界面相厚度的增大而减小,随着夹杂体分比的增大而减小,并且界面过薄时,材料的等效弹性模量会随着夹杂体分比的增大而增大;当界面相弹性模量大于基体或夹杂时,材料的等效弹性模量会随着夹杂体分比和界面相厚度的增大而增大。而界面相的厚度和弹性模量对材料的等效泊松比的影响较小,材料的等效泊松比主要受夹杂体分比的影响,与其呈反比关系。  相似文献   

3.
蠕变压痕实验的计算机模拟   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用有限元的方法对双相材料的蠕变压痕实验进行了数值模拟,在有限元数值解的基础上,定义了相应于传统单轴蠕变实验的“等效应力”和“等效应变”,建立了蠕变压痕实验同传统单轴蠕变实验之间的关系,给出了确定薄膜蠕变应力指数和蠕变常数的方法;同时数值解的结果表明,实验中通过控制压痕深度不超过薄膜厚度的 5%~10%,忽略基体的硬化指数对确定薄膜性能的影响存在一定的误差,但基体的弹性模量对确定薄膜的蠕变性能影响不大。  相似文献   

4.
朱一林  江松辉  于超 《力学学报》2022,54(10):2733-2746
前期研究工作中, 基于有限元分析, 作者发展了一种在大变形范围内具有可调恒定负泊松比的新型增强六手臂缺失支柱手性拉胀超材料. 为了揭示微观结构?力学性能关系, 并进一步指导超材料目标参数设计, 本文在小变形框架下基于能量法建立了表征该拉胀材料等效泊松比和弹性模量的理论模型. 增强六手臂缺失支柱手性拉胀材料由“Z”型手臂元件组成. “Z”型手臂可以被假设为两端简支的欧拉?伯努利梁. 因此, 本文首先推导了两端受集中力和力偶的任意形状欧拉?伯努利梁的应变能. 然后, 考虑平衡条件和变形协调条件进一步给出了材料等效泊松比和弹性模量的理论表达式. 研究表明只有“Z”型梁的内外手臂比为2:1时, 理论表达式才有简洁的形式. 为了更好地利用所推导的理论表达, 基于理论推导, 本文开发了MATLAT图形用户界面 (GUI). 在GUI中输入可描述该超材料几何形状的独立几何参数, 即可直接获取其等效泊松比和弹性模量. 最后, 基于理论结果, 系统讨论了超材料微结构几何参数对其等效力学性能的影响, 并将理论解与有限元计算结果进行了对比. 结果表明, 可以通过调控微结构几何参数获取大范围的目标力学性能.   相似文献   

5.
传递矩阵法分析中心荷载下对称刚性板地基沉降及反力   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用传递矩阵法对横观各向同性地基上受中心荷载的对称刚性板问题进行了分析,文中分析了坚向的弹性模量Ev水平的弹性模量Eh、坚直面上的剪切模量Gv以及Eh和Ev的比值n、Gv和Ev.的比值m、水平向应力引起的正交水平向应变的泊松比vh、竖直向应力引起的水平向应变的泊松比Vch对沉降和基底反力的影响;同时采用成层地基进行分析,将其计算结果与常规方法中采用对弹性模量和泊松比在计算深度内按深度加权平均的计算结果进行比较;可对比看出传递矩阵法更符合地基的实际情况,结果也趋合理。  相似文献   

6.
基于时域自适应算法,结合均匀化技术和有限元方法,从而提出一种瞬态温度场求解模型,用来预测非均质材料等效性能并评估宏观温度场的等效行为.在整个计算中,通过自适应算法保证计算精度和稳定性,避免时间段尺寸变化可能引起的计算误差.在数值算例中,等效分析的结果与利用ANSYS求解的非均质有限元解比较,从计算效率和计算精度综合效果而言,结果是令人满意的.  相似文献   

7.
基于三维匀质化理论,建立了两种砌体的三维匀质化基本单元;将匀质化单元中的砂浆简化为零厚度的界面单元,推导出了三维匀质化砌体单元的平面外等效抗弯刚度的计算公式,并讨论了砂浆的弹性模量、泊松比、水平灰缝厚度与块体高度比值、竖向灰缝厚度与块体长度比值等参数对砌体平面外抗弯刚度的影响。结果表明:随着砂浆弹性模量的增大其对应的砌体匀质化单元的平面外抗弯刚度也增大;砂浆泊松比对砌体匀质化单元的平面外抗弯刚度的影响不大;水平灰缝厚度与块体高度的比值对平面外抗弯刚度的竖向分量影响较大,竖向灰缝厚度与块体长度比值对平面外抗弯刚度的水平向分量影响较大。同时,首次将匀质化后的砌体墙看成板来进行理论分析,借助弹性力学中板的经典理论来求解匀质化后的砌体墙的平面外力学性能,通过和试验数据比较可知理论分析结果与试验数据吻合较好。由于获得了综合考虑块体和砂浆性能的等效体的各种信息,基于三维匀质化理论的方法在考虑整体结构时不必再降低到组成相的层面进行研究。这为分析大型结构提供了方便,具有一定的实用价值,完善了砌体分析理论。  相似文献   

8.
功能梯度材料的平面断裂力学分析   总被引:20,自引:4,他引:16  
针对材料参数在厚度方向可能按任意连续变化的梯度材料,给出了一个新的分层模型,利用该模型求解了面内加载下梯度界面层和涂层中的界面裂纹问题,借助Fburier积分技术和传递矩阵方法,将该问题化为一个Cauchy型奇异积分方程,通过数值求解,得到感兴趣的应力强度因子,对不同形式的杨氏模量和泊松比,计算了界面裂纹应力强度因子,结果表明泊松比的变化形式对应力强度因子影响不大,可当作常数处理,而杨氏模量的影响则很大。  相似文献   

9.
朱甫金  陶宝琪 《实验力学》1998,13(1):115-119
本文讨论了电阻应变片测量正交各向异性材料应变的横向效应修正。将测量各向同性测量的表观弹性模量、表观泊松比推广应用于正交各向异性材料,得出了一组与广义虎克定律形式上相同的计算式,并讨论了横向效应对应力测量精度的影响。  相似文献   

10.
对于含圆孔及孔边非均匀材料圆环的无限大薄板,假设非均匀材料的弹性模量沿径向按照指数函数变化,而泊松比为常数,分别导出了双轴拉伸和纯剪切作用时孔边及界面处的应力集中系数的解析解.通过数值算例详细分析了非均匀材料圆环的弹性模量的变化对无限大薄板的孔边及界面处的应力集中系数的影响.研究结果表明,合理选择孔边非均匀材料圆环的材料性能变化参数可有效地缓解薄板的孔边应力集中程度.本文的研究结果可为含圆孔的薄板的设计提供一定的参考.  相似文献   

11.
黄春阳  唐山  彭向和 《力学学报》2017,49(4):758-762
当上层超弹性硬质薄膜和下层可膨胀基底构成的双层结构受压时,薄膜的自由表面可通过形成褶皱降低系统能量.研究表明,上下两层的模量比不同时,上层弹性硬质薄膜将表现出不同的表面失稳模式.本文提出了一种新颖的方法可有效抑制双层软材料的表面失稳,即改变基底材料的泊松比,这种方法同时适用于不具有应变硬化的软材料.首先基于Neo-Hookean模型发展了小变形条件下双层结构表面失稳的理论模型,通过半解析的方法得到了表面失稳的临界应变;然后通过有限元计算与模拟,进一步验证了负泊松比基底可延缓表面失稳.结果表明:(1)当双层结构基底泊松比为正且趋于0.5(不可压缩)时,双层结构在较小的压缩应变下出现表面失稳;(2)当基底的泊松比为负且趋于-1时,可被压缩至46%而不出现表面失稳,即可膨胀基底能有效抑制薄膜的表面失稳.本文发展的方法及主要结果可为延展性电子器件的设计提供指导.  相似文献   

12.
微尺度金属薄膜的脱粘和屈曲严重影响着膜基结构的性能和使用寿命。本文对微尺度的金属铜薄膜在残余应力和外部压力共同作用下的脱粘屈曲和后屈曲模式进行了研究,用自行设计的单轴对称加载装置进行压力加载,用一台光学显微镜观察薄膜表面的屈曲形貌。在外力作用下薄膜会出现垂直于加载方向的直线型屈曲,但在外力卸载过程中该屈曲并不稳定,会演化成电话线型屈曲,完全卸载后形成泡状屈曲。再次加载后,恢复到直线型屈曲。研究表明:直线型屈曲的不稳定现象主要与薄膜的残余应力、基底的泊松比以及薄膜沿纵向与横向的应力比有关。  相似文献   

13.
Instrumented indentation is a technique that can be used to measure the elastic properties of soft thin films supported on stiffer substrates, including polymer films, cellulosic sheets, and thin layers of biological materials. When measuring thin film properties using indentation, the effect of the substrate must be considered. Most existing models for determining the properties of thin films from indentation measurements were developed for metal and dielectric films bonded to semiconductor substrates and have been applied to systems with film-substrate modulus ratios between 0.1 and 10. In the present work, flat punch indentation of a thin film either bonded to or in contact with a substrate is examined using finite element modeling. A broad range of film-substrate modulus ratios from 0.0001 to 1 are investigated. As the substrate is effectively rigid compared to the film when the film-substrate modulus ratio is less than 0.0001, the results are also useful for understanding systems with lower film-substrate modulus ratios. The effects of the contact radius, film thickness, elastic properties, and friction between the film and the substrate on the measured stiffness were quantified using finite element modeling in order to understand how the elastic properties of the film can be extracted from indentation measurements. A semi-analytical model was developed to describe the finite element modeling results and facilitate the use of the results to analyze experimental measurements. The model was validated through analysis of indentation measurements of thin polyethylene sheets that were supported on substrates of various stiffness.  相似文献   

14.
Load and depth sensing indentation methods have been widely used to characterize the mechanical properties of the thin film-substrate systems. The measurement accuracy critically depends on our knowledge of the effective elastic modulus of this heterogeneous system. In this work, based on the exact solution of the Green's function in Fourier space, we have derived an analytical relationship between the surface tractions and displacements, which depends on the ratio of the film thickness to contact size and the generalized Dundurs parameters that describe the modulus mismatch between the film and substrate materials. The use of the cumulative superposition method shows that the contact stiffness of any axisymmetric contact is the same as that of a flat-ended punch contact. Therefore, assuming a surface traction of the form of [1−(r/a)2]−1/2 with radial coordinate r and contact size a, we can obtain an approximate representation of the effective elastic moduli, which agree extremely well with the finite element simulations for both normal and tangential contacts. Motivated by a recently developed multidimensional nanocontact system, we also explore the dependence of the ratio of tangential to normal contact stiffness on the ratio of film thickness to contact radius and the Dundurs parameters. The analytical representations of the correction factors in the relationship between the contact stiffness and effective modulus are derived at infinite friction conditions.  相似文献   

15.
为了确定微纳米尺度金属薄膜的拉伸分叉点,本文使用磁控溅射镀膜技术,在PI(聚酰亚胺)基底上沉积500nm厚的铜薄膜,制作薄膜/基底结构拉伸试件。在单轴拉伸作用下,通过测量拉伸加载过程中铜薄膜的电阻变化情况,得到薄膜电阻随应变变化的关系,并与理论推导的结果进行对比分析,从而确定了塑性阶段理论曲线与实验曲线分离的点,即铜薄膜的分叉点。以此为基础,研究了铜薄膜在单轴拉伸作用下的分叉行为。研究结果表明,沉积于PI基底上的微纳米尺度铜薄膜在单轴拉伸下,经过弹性变形阶段后,很快就发生分叉,然后产生破坏,而塑性变形阶段和局部化阶段较短;弹性阶段薄膜的电阻变化速率很小,塑性阶段薄膜的电阻变化速率稍有增大,而当薄膜表面开始出现微裂纹后,电阻变化速率急剧增大。  相似文献   

16.
Nonlinear buckling of elastic thin films on compliant substrates is studied by modeling and simulations to reveal the roles of pre-strain, elastic modulus ratio, and interfacial properties in morphological transition from wrinkles to buckle-delamination blisters. The model integrates an interfacial cohesive zone model with the Föppl–von Kármán plate theory and Green function method within the general framework of energy minimization. A kinetics approach is developed for numerical simulations. Subject to a uniaxial pre-strain, the numerical simulations confirm the analytically predicted critical conditions for onset of wrinkling and wrinkle-induced delamination, with which a phase diagram is constructed. It is found that, with increasing pre-strain, the equilibrium configuration evolves from flat to wrinkles, to concomitant wrinkles and buckle-delamination, and to an array of parallel straight blisters. The height and width of the buckle-delamination blisters can be approximately described by a set of scaling laws with respect to the pre-strain and interfacial toughness. Subject to an equi-biaxial pre-strain, the critical conditions are determined numerically to construct a similar phase diagram for the buckling modes. Moreover, by varying the pre-strain, modulus ratio, and interfacial toughness, a rich variety of equilibrium configurations are simulated, including straight blisters, and network blisters with or without wrinkles. These results provide considerable insight into diverse surface patterns in layered material systems as a result of the mechanical interactions between the film and the substrate through their interface, which suggests potential control parameters for designing specific surface patterns.  相似文献   

17.
Effects of deposition layer position film are systematically investigated. Because the and number/density on local bending of a thin deposition layer interacts with the thin film at the interface and there is an offset between the thin film neutral surface and the interface, the deposition layer generates not only axial stress but also bending moment. The bending moment induces an instant out-of-plane deflection of the thin film, which may or may not cause the socalled local bending. The deposition layer is modeled as a local stressor, whose location and density are demonstrated to be vital to the occurrence of local bending. The thin film rests on a viscous layer, which is governed by the Navier-Stokes equation and behaves like an elastic foundation to exert transverse forces on the thin film. The unknown feature of the axial constraint force makes the governing equation highly nonlinear even for the small deflection chse. The constraint force and film transverse deflection are solved iteratively through the governing equation and the displacement constraint equation of immovable edges. This research shows that in some special cases, the deposition density increase does not necessarily reduce the local bending. By comparing the thin film deflections of different deposition numbers and positions, we also present the guideline of strengthening or suppressing the local bending.  相似文献   

18.
砂岩岩石力学参数各向异性研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
俞然刚  田勇 《实验力学》2013,28(3):368-375
对胜利油田不同深度的四口井的砂岩岩芯进行了三轴压缩试验和动态岩石力学参数试验。根据获得的垂直地层方向和平行地层方向的试验数据,计算了各岩石力学参数的各向异性系数。通过分析围压以及深度对各向异性系数的影响,给出了砂岩峰值强度各项异性系数、静泊松比各向异性系数、纵波波速各向异性系数、纵横波速比和动泊松比各向异性系数与深度的拟合公式。发现峰值强度、纵波波速和纵横波速比的各向异性系数都随着深度的增加而减小,而泊松比各向异性系数随着深度的增加而增大。动、静弹性模量各向异性系数与深度相关性都很差,动弹性模量各向异性较弱,静弹性模量相对较强。  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of this study is to develop a method for measuring elastic constants using a LFB acoustic microscope. For this purpose, a theoretical procedure for the estimation of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio is introduced based on elastic theory. According to this procedure, experimental velocity measurement and elastic constants estimation are made by use of a LFB acoustic microscope. For the confirmation of the availability of this method, the estimated elastic constant is compared to measurements of elastic constants by other methods. The resulting estimated values of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio obtained by the LFB acoustic microscope are highly accurate which confirms the usefulness of the elastic constant measurement system. T. Mihara is Research Associate, and M. Obata (former SEM Member), deceased, was Professor, Department of Materials Processing, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba, Sendai, 980, Japan.  相似文献   

20.
基于经典层合板理论,建立了一个能同时测量薄膜-基底系统中薄膜的磁致伸缩系数、杨氏模量和泊松比的板模型.以前的研究计算薄膜磁致伸缩系数时,大多假设薄膜的弹性属性与相应的块材一致,由此导致的磁致伸缩系数计算是不准确的.在目前大多数方法中仅仅在使用一个单一的弹性各向同性基底中能够避免这个问题.该文模型在各向异性基底下同样适用,并且不要求薄膜的厚度远远小于基底厚度,因此也能够用来计算磁致伸缩应变和设计微电机械系统和生物微电机械系统.对已有的铁基非晶薄膜的实验数据,在不同磁场强度下,磁致伸缩系数的计算结果与已有模型进行了比较,它们之间的差异得到了解释.同时,还可以得到薄膜的弹性常数.  相似文献   

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