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1.
基于Melan经典的安定理论和von Mises屈服准则,建立了塑性应变强化条件下结构安定的数学模型,根据与时间无关的应力场的特性,对结构中与时间无关的应力场进行了合理的数学变换,将其与载荷变化系数联系起来,推导出与其对应的结构安定极限范围的表达式,给出塑性应变强化模型安定性存在的简化条件.该结论有利于简化应变强化条件下结构的安定分析.  相似文献   

2.
采用较真实的材料本构模型,在Ponter和Karadeniz提出的扩展的安定性理论以及彭得到的考虑混合强化的安定性定量的基础上,发展了计及应变强化和循环强化的结构塑性安定区的分析方法。通过将循环强化和应变强化分别引入子区域VF和VS,利用材料安定性假设,得到了较为合理的塑性安定边界,克服了以前的工作中对处于VF和VS区中材料分别采用完全各向同性强化(或假设热应力史是弹性应力史)和完全塑性的理想材料  相似文献   

3.
不同应变强化模型下结构安定性的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
冯西桥  刘信声 《力学学报》1994,26(6):719-727
变载作用下弹塑性结构的安定性研究是一个有实际意义的课题,而结构的安定性与材料的强化规律有很大关系。本文对几种典型的强化模型下的结构安定性进行了研究,给出了在随动强化和组合强化条件下结构实现安定的条件,所得结论简化了应变强化条件下结构的安定分析。  相似文献   

4.
热载荷作用下,由于热障涂层(thermal barrier coatings, TBCs) 各层材料的热不匹配以及材料参数的温度相关等因素,会使热障涂层界面区域存在复杂的应力应变场,影响系统安定性,并导致涂层开裂和剥落. 将热障涂层外凸和内凹微观界面结构简化为多层圆筒模型,借助经典机动安定定理,利用特雷斯卡(Tresca) 屈服准则和增量破坏准则处理对时间的积分问题,避免了常规安定性分析的数学规划问题,建立了热障涂层安定极限分析方法,将材料屈服强度随温度变化关系简化为双线性关系,利用补偿变换的方法简化求解过程,对典型热障涂层安定性进行了研究. 结果表明,利用基于圆筒的安定极限分析方法,能够方便求解安定极限,便于工程应用;热障涂层安定极限值明显高于弹性设计值,且界面外凸区域安定极限高于内凹区域极限值,结构首先在内凹处失效;圆筒模型基体曲率和涂层厚度越大,结构安定极限越高,分析结果与试验结果一致;所建立的热障涂层安定分析方法,对进一步研究考虑蠕变因素影响的热障涂层安定性具有重要意义.  相似文献   

5.
应变梯度理论进展   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
陈少华  王自强 《力学进展》2003,33(2):207-216
应变梯度理论是近10年来为解释材料在微米尺度下的尺寸效应现象而发展起来的一种新理论.首先综述了应变梯度理论近年的发展及其对材料力学行为研究方面的进展.其次主要介绍了不含高阶应力的一类应变梯度理论及其应用;最后对应变梯度理论的发展做了展望.  相似文献   

6.
许震宇  章敏 《力学季刊》2008,29(1):54-57
光子晶体是由两种或两种以上的透明材料周期排列构成的功能复合材料,它可以完全反射一定频率范围内的电磁波,这个性能称为光带隙.光子晶体将在光通信、数据存储以及光路设计等方面得到广泛的应用.本文设计了一种应变可调的二维光子晶体结构,通过基底产生的正应变改变光子晶体的周期性,从而改变其光带隙性能.利用平面波展开法考察了该结构的应变可调性,即其力致变色效应.结果表明,压应变会显著影响横向电波(Transerse electric waves, TE)的传播特性,打开多条光带隙.并且光带隙的宽度也正比于压应变的大小.利用这样的效应可以制成应变传感器或光学开关等器件.  相似文献   

7.
基于经典的安定理论与随动强化模型的一般性质,将结构在强化过程中的背应力计入Von Mises屈服准则,建立了随动强化条件下结构的静力安定定理;将背应力与对应的塑性应变率的点积在一个载荷循环内的积分计入塑性耗散功,建立了随动强化条件下结构的机动安定定理,扩展了经典安定理论的应用范围。针对两种定理的存在格式进行了理论证明,并以推论形式给出了结构在随动强化条件下静力安定和机动安定另外两种存在格式。结果表明,随动强化材料的安定状态和安定极限不受强化过程的影响,只取决于材料的初始屈服应力和最终屈服应力。  相似文献   

8.
高应变率下铁锰铸造合金正向和反向应变率效应的研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
对两种铁锰铸造合金在准静态和冲击动态下进行了宏观与微观相结合的试验研究。实验结果表明 ,在准静态下 ,铁锰铝硅合金的强度高于铁锰铝合金 ,但在高应变率动态加载下 ,铁锰铝合金的强度反而高于铁锰铝硅合金。铁锰铝合金表现出很强的应变率强化效应 (正向应变率效应 ) ,而铁锰铝硅合金表现出应变率无关或应变率弱化效应 (反向应变率效应 )。随着应变率的进一步提高 ,两者又都存在一定程度的应变率弱化倾向。根据这一现象 ,着重对高应变率下的绝热温升所致热软化、内部损伤的率相关演化、以及应力诱变马氏体相变等方面进行了探讨。  相似文献   

9.
厚壁圆筒在实际工程领域中应用广泛,若能精确计算出极限内压,对预防事故发生,降低风险有重要意义.工程中存在许多材料,其拉压强度和拉压模量均存在差异,这些差异对极限内压的大小有显著影响.以往研究表明,仅考虑拉压强度与拉压模量的一个方面,计算结果与实际情况存在一定的误差.本文基于双剪统一强度理论,综合考虑中间主应力效应及材料拉压强度和拉压模量的不同,推导了内压作用下厚壁圆筒的弹、塑性状态的应力分布及弹性极限内压、塑性极限内压与安定极限内压的统一解,通过与其他文献对比分析验证了本文计算结果的正确性,分析了半径比、统一强度理论参数、拉压强度比与拉压模量系数对弹性极限内压、塑性极限内压及安定极限内压的影响.结果表明:统一解均随半径比和统一强度理论参数的增大而增大,随拉压强度比的增大而减小,弹性极限内压随材料拉压模量系数的增大而减小,当壁厚增加到一定值后,安定极限内压随材料拉压模量系数的增大而减小;材料的拉压模量不同、拉压强度差异对厚壁圆筒的安定性影响显著,考虑中间主应力效应可使材料的潜能得到更充分发挥,极限内压随半径比的变化规律可为选择合理壁厚提供参考,该结论可为厚壁圆筒的工程应用提供理论依据.  相似文献   

10.
棘轮效应预测及其循环本构模型研究进展   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
陈旭  焦荣  田涛 《力学进展》2003,33(4):461-470
棘轮应变累积广泛存在于压力容器和管道、轮轨接触疲劳、紧固连接和密封技术等 工程问题中,是工程设计中必须考虑的重要因素.棘轮可以表现为单轴棘轮效应或多 轴棘轮效应,材料的棘轮效应或结构的棘轮效应.本文介绍近年来棘轮效应的最新研 究进展,对近年提出的描述材料棘轮效应的循环本构理论作了较详细的评述,对模 型的预测能力和存在的问题进行了讨论,并对今后的工作提出了建议.  相似文献   

11.
极限分析和安全分析的近代发展方向是寻找通用性强,计算效率高的数值方法。本文介绍将有限单元法和数学规划法相结合的、同时适用于极限分析和安全分析的统一数值方法,包括下限格式和上限格式。  相似文献   

12.
将Melan静力型安定定理加以推广,使其适用于非关联流动法则下的土工结构的安定性分析.应用Palmer的方法构造塑性势面,根据其性质,证明了静力型安定定理在非关联流动法则下同样成立.在非关联的Mok—Coulomb准则下,求解浅黏土层地基极限载荷,得到了比较合理的解答.最后,计算了非关联流动法则下的条形基础地基的安定裁荷.  相似文献   

13.
14.
本文简要综述了作者及其团队近十多年来在这一领域的系统研究成果-结构塑性极限与安定分析的数值理论及其在压力容器与管道安全评定方面的工程应用.重点介绍了多种典型的先进数值计算方法的特点和思路,阐述了应用极限与安定分析理论解决工程实际问题的一般方法、思路和过程,突出展示了典型、成功的工程应用案例.这些成果既有理论创新和发展,又解决了工程中关键技术难题,形成了较为完整和一般通用的应用理论体系,构成了我国在这一领域的重要系统性创新成果,已被中国国家标准(GB/T19624-2004)和政府技术规范采纳.  相似文献   

15.
Phase transformational shakedown of a structure refers to a status that plastic strains cease developing after a finite number of loading cycles, and subsequently the structure undergoes only elastic deformation and alternating phase transformations with limited magnitudes. Due to the intrinsic complexity in the constitutive relations of shape memory alloys (SMA), there is as yet a lack of effective methods for modeling the mechanical responses of SMA structures, especially when they develop both phase transformation and plastic deformation. This paper is devoted to present an algorithm for analyzing shakedown of SMA structures subjected to cyclic or varying loads within specified domains. Based on the phase transformation and plastic yield criteria of von Mises-type and their associated flow rules, a simplified three-dimensional phenomenological constitutive model is first formulated accounting for different regimes of elastic–plastic deformation and phase transformation. Different responses possible for SMA bodies exposed to varying loads are discussed. The classical Melan shakedown theorem is extended to determine a lower bound of loads for transformational shakedown of SMA bodies without necessity of a step-by-step analysis along the loading history. Finally, a simple example is given to illustrate the application of the present theory as well as some basic features of shakedown of SMA structures. It is interesting to find that phase transformation may either increase or decrease the load-bearing capacity of a structure, depending upon its constitutive relations, geometries and the loading mode.  相似文献   

16.
This paper is based on piecewise linear yield surface and discretization of structure. By allowing for inertial force, damping force and second-order geometric effects, the two generalized dynamic shakedown theorems are given for shakedown analysis of structure.The project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and Jilin Provincial Applying-Basic Research Projects.  相似文献   

17.
In this paper, shakedown of a cohesive-frictional half space subjected to moving surface loads is investigated using Melan’s static shakedown theorem. The material in the half space is modelled as a Mohr–Coulomb medium. The sliding and rolling contact between a roller and the half space is assumed to be plane strain and can be approximated by a trapezoidal as well as a Hertzian load distribution. A closed form solution to the elastic stress field for the trapezoidal contact is derived, and is then used for the shakedown analysis. It is demonstrated that, by relaxing either the equilibrium or the yield constraints (or both) on the residual stress field, the shakedown analysis leads to various bounds for the elastic shakedown limit. The differences among the various shakedown load factors are quantitatively compared, and the influence of both Hertzian and trapezoidal contacts for the half space under moving surface loads is studied. The various bounds and shakedown limits obtained in the paper serve as useful benchmarks for future numerical shakedown analysis, and also provide a valuable reference for the safe design of pavements.  相似文献   

18.
Two different formulations for the two-surface model of bounded kinematic hardening can be found in literature on shakedown analysis with the von Mises yield criterion. This short paper explains that these two formulations are not equivalent, although there exists literature asserting that they are equivalent. More specifically, the formulation using the constraint on the stress is not a sufficient condition for the two-surface model. Consequently, the static shakedown analysis using this formulation over-evaluates the shakedown factor in general.  相似文献   

19.
An integrated approach for all necessary variations within direct analysis, variational design sensitivity analysis and shakedown analysis based on Melan’s static shakedown theorem for linear unlimited kinematic hardening material behavior is formulated. Using an adequate formulation of the optimization problem of shakedown analysis the necessary variations of residuals, objectives and constraints can be derived easily. Subsequent discretizations w.r.t. displacements and geometry using e.g. isoparametric finite elements yield the well known ‘tangent stiffness matrix’ and ‘tangent sensitivity matrix’, as well as the corresponding matrices for the variation of the Lagrangian-functional which are discussed in detail. Remarks on the computer implementation and numerical examples show the efficiency of the proposed formulation. Important effects of shakedown conditions in shape optimization with elasto-plastic deformations are highlighted in a comparison with elastic and elasto-plastic material behavior and the necessity of applying shakedown conditions when optimizing structures with elasto-plastic deformations is concluded.  相似文献   

20.
The class of generalized standard materials is not relevant to model the nonassociative constitutive equations. The bipotential approach, based on a possible generalization of Fenchel’s inequality, allows the recovery of the flow rule normality in a weak form of an implicit relation. This defines the class of implicit standard materials. For such behaviours, this leads to a weak extension of the classical bound theorems of the shakedown analysis. In the present paper, we recall the relevant features of this theory. Considering an elastoplastic material with nonlinear kinematic hardening rule, we apply it to the problem of a sample in plane strain conditions under constant traction and alternating torsion in order to determine analytically the interaction curve bounding the shakedown domain. The aim of the paper is to prove the exactness of the solution for this example by comparing it to step-by-step computations of the elastoplastic response of the body under repeated cyclic loads of increasing level. A reliable criterion to stop the computations is proposed. The analytical and numerical solutions are compared and found to be closed one of each other. Moreover, the method allows uncovering an additional ‘2 cycle shakedown curve’ that could be useful for the shakedown design of structure.  相似文献   

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