双重孔隙介质非线性流固耦合渗流

本文给出了考虑双孔双涌介质生变形的流固耦合渗流模型。不仅考虑了固结对渗流的影响，同时也考虎了固体变形对渗流参数（孔隙度和渗透率）的影响。这样。渗流就成了双孔双渗介质中非线性流固耦合渗流。在此基础上，本文还推导了双重孔隙介质非线性流固耦合渗流计算。给出了算例并作了对比。结果表明，固体变形引起的介质参数变化对流体渗流早中期过程有重要的影响，对渗流后期影响并不大。这对于石油开采有重要的参考价值。     

非连续变形分析方法的改进及应用

首先,采用位移收敛判据对非连续变形的岩石断裂分析进行改进并程序实现.其次,将非连续变形分析方法和裂隙网络渗流模型结合起来,建立了渗流应力耦合分析模型,研究了裂隙岩体变形对渗流的影响以及渗流与应力耦合作用下裂隙岩体的变形破坏特征.研究发现,主干裂隙控制着渗流场分布,考虑耦合作用时的水头值比不考虑耦合作用时大,说明考虑耦合后坡体更容易变形失稳.改进前后裂纹扩展形态基本不变,表明程序计算的收敛判据是有效的.     

裂缝性低渗透油藏流固耦合渗流分析

在低渗透油田的开发过程中，油藏流体渗流和储层岩土之间存在明显的耦合作用。本文首先研究给出了低渗裂缝性储层孔渗参数的等效方法，然后将渗流力学和岩土力学相结合，给出了低渗透裂缝性储层流固耦合渗流的数学模型，该模型不仅可以反映基质孔渗参数在开发中的变化，而且更能反映裂缝开度变化所引起的渗透率变化，而这对于低渗透裂缝性油田而言十分重要。最后对一实际井网进行了流固耦合油藏数值模拟，给出了开发过程中孔渗参数的变化及其耦合效应对油田开发的影响．     

非连续变形分析方法的改进及应用1）

首先,采用位移收敛判据对非连续变形的岩石断裂分析进行改进并程序实现. 其次,将非连续变形分析方法和裂隙网络渗流模型结合起来,建立了渗流应力耦合分析模型,研究了裂隙岩体变形对渗流的影响以及渗流与应力耦合作用下裂隙岩体的变形破坏特征. 研究发现,主干裂隙控制着渗流场分布,考虑耦合作用时的水头值比不考虑耦合作用时大,说明考虑耦合后坡体更容易变形失稳. 改进前后裂纹扩展形态基本不变,表明程序计算的收敛判据是有效的.     

裂缝性油藏流固耦合渗流

本文给出了考虑介质变形的双重孔隙介质流固耦合渗流模型，并考虑渗流参数随有效应力而变化的非线性双重孔隙介质流固耦合渗流，在此基础上，本文还推导了双重孔隙介质非线性系数非线性等流固耦合流流计算，并给出了算例。     

动边界双重介质油藏低速非达西渗流试井模型

裂缝性油藏中基质岩块的渗透率一般很低，大量岩心测试实验证实在基质岩块内的液体渗流和在一定含水饱和度下的气体渗流将偏离达西渗流，往往出现低速非达西渗流，表现出启动压力梯度以及流体流动边界不断向外扩展等特殊现象。本文充分考虑启动压力梯度与动边界的影响，建立了微可压缩双重介质油藏低速非达西渗流的试井数学模型，对时间和空间变量进行离散化，求出了其数值解，进一步研究了压力动态特征及影响因素，绘制了定压边界油藏生产时弹性储容比和窜流系数影响的典型试井曲线，分析了动边界的传播规律。     

可变形多孔介质中的一维非定常耦合渗流

在Ｂｉｏｔ理论的基础上，考虑到可变形多孔介质的渗透系数依赖于孔隙变形的特点，建立了耦合渗流问题的基本方程；用初始层校正法求出了一维非定常耦合渗流问题的摄动解；实例计算表明，耦合分析与非耦合分析之间的判别较大，因此耦合效应不能忽略。     

裂缝性低渗透油藏流-固耦合理论与数值模拟

根据裂缝性低渗油藏的储层特征,建立适合裂缝性砂岩油藏渗流的等效连续介质模型。将渗流力学与弹塑性力学相结合,建立裂缝性低渗透油藏的流-固耦合渗流数学模型,并给出其数值解.通过数值模拟对一实际井网开发过程中孔隙度、渗透率的变化以及开发指标进行计算,并和刚性模型以及双重介质模型的计算结果进行了分析比较.     

作大范围运动弹性梁刚—柔耦合动力学建模

利用弹性梁的变形理论和 Hamilton力学原理对作大范围运动弹性梁的刚 -柔耦合动力学建模理论进行了研究。分析了大范围运动对弹性梁的横向振动和纵向振动的影响 ,得到了大范围运动与弹性梁的中线耦合变形之间的耦合作用对该系统动力学性质有显著的影响 ,从而提出了作大范围运动弹性梁的刚柔耦合动力学模型     

孔隙介质中稠油流体非线性渗流方程

为揭示稠油流体在油藏孔隙中渗流特性，基于力学平衡方程，建立了描述稠油流体渗流特征的 非线性渗流方程，对油藏孔隙中稠油渗流过程及启动机理进行了深入分析，着重分析了边界层、 流体屈服应力以及表面力对渗流过程的影响.结果表明，Hagen-Poiseuille定律需经修正方能描述 稠油流体流动，边界层、流体屈服应力以及表面力对稠油渗流影响非常显著.孔隙中， 稠油启动压力梯度来源于其屈服应力、表面力，边界层加剧了渗流非线性程度， 实际稠油油藏开发中，要充分掌握稠油渗流非线性特征.     

Elastoplastic model and theory of slipping for the three-dimensional stress state

On the basis of concepts of the Batdorf-Budyanskii theory of slipping, we construct a model of elastoplastic medium for the case of three-dimensional stress state. The slipping conditions on the unit site take into account the local yield criterion and the local loading criterion. Under certain assumptions, one can integrate the increments of plastic shears over all possible sites of slipping in the case of an arbitrary three-dimensional stress state and obtain the constitutive relations for the elastoplastic model, which is a version of the theory of plastic flow.     

Bending of an elastoplastic Hencky bar-chain: from discrete to nonlocal continuous beam models

The static behavior of an elastoplastic one-dimensional lattice system in bending, also called a microstructured elastoplastic beam or elastoplastic Hencky bar-chain (HBC) system, is investigated. The lattice beam is loaded by concentrated or distributed transverse monotonic forces up to the complete collapse. The phenomenon of softening localization is also included. The lattice system is composed of piecewise linear hardening–softening elastoplastic hinges connected via rigid elements. This physical system can be viewed as the generalization of the elastic HBC model to the nonlinear elastoplasticity range. This lattice problem is demonstrated to be equivalent to the finite difference formulation of a continuous elastoplastic beam in bending. Solutions to the lattice problem may be obtained from the resolution of piecewise linear difference equations. A continuous nonlocal elastoplastic theory is then built from the lattice difference equations using a continualization process. The new nonlocal elastoplastic theory associated with both a distributed nonlocal elastoplastic law coupled to a cohesive elastoplastic model depends on length scales calibrated from the spacing of the lattice model. Differential equations of the nonlocal engineering model are solved for the structural configurations investigated in the lattice problem. It is shown that the new micromechanics-based nonlocal elastoplastic beam model efficiently captures the scale effects of the elastoplastic lattice model, used as the reference. The hardening–softening localization process of the nonlocal continuous model strongly depends on the lattice spacing which controls the size of the nonlocal length scales.     

Effective pressure-sensitive elastoplastic behavior of particle-reinforced composites and porous media under isotropic loading

The composite under investigation consists of an elastoplastic matrix reinforced by elastic particles or weakened by pores. The material forming the matrix is pressure-sensitive. The Drucker–Prager yield criterion and a one-parameter non-associated flow rule are employed to formulate the yield behavior of the matrix. The objective of this work is to estimate the effective elastoplastic behavior of the composite under isotropic tensile and compressive loadings. To achieve this objective, the composite sphere assemblage model of Hashin [Z. Hashin, The elastic moduli of heterogeneous materials, ASME J. Appl. Mech. 29 (1962) 143–150] is used. Exact solutions are thus derived as estimations for the effective secant and tangent bulk moduli of the composite. The effects of the loading modes and phase properties on the effective elastoplastic behavior of the composite are analytically and numerically evaluated.     

Computing the force distribution on the surface of complex,deforming geometries using vortex methods and Brinkman penalization

The distribution of forces on the surface of complex, deforming geometries is an invaluable output of flow simulations. One particular example of such geometries involves self‐propelled swimmers. Surface forces can provide significant information about the flow field sensed by the swimmers and are difficult to obtain experimentally. At the same time, simulations of flow around complex, deforming shapes can be computationally prohibitive when body‐fitted grids are used. Alternatively, such simulations may use penalization techniques. Penalization methods rely on simple Cartesian grids to discretize the governing equations, which are enhanced by a penalty term to account for the boundary conditions. They have been shown to provide a robust estimation of mean quantities, such as drag and propulsion velocity, but the computation of surface force distribution remains a challenge. We present a method for determining flow‐induced forces on the surface of both rigid and deforming bodies, in simulations using remeshed vortex methods and Brinkman penalization. The pressure field is recovered from the velocity by solving a Poisson's equation using the Green's function approach, augmented with a fast multipole expansion and a tree‐code algorithm. The viscous forces are determined by evaluating the strain‐rate tensor on the surface of deforming bodies, and on a “lifted” surface in simulations involving rigid objects. We present results for benchmark flows demonstrating that we can obtain an accurate distribution of flow‐induced surface forces. The capabilities of our method are demonstrated using simulations of self‐propelled swimmers, where we obtain the pressure and shear distribution on their deforming surfaces.     

Plastic deformation modelled as a self-excited wave process at the meso- and macro-level

A self-excited wave model is developed to describe plastic flow phenomena in crystalline solids. Experimental observations suggest that by plastic flow in single crystals and polycrystalline materials, different underlying mechanisms are responsible for key features of strain localisation corresponding to different stages of the deformation curve. The major autowave (self-excited wave) types manifest themselves in plastically deforming materials. The self-excited wave model could explain plastic flow pattern behaviour corresponding to different physical mechanisms.     

Stability of spatial motion of a body of revolution in an elastoplastic medium

A previously constructed model that describes the spatial motion of a body of revolution in an elastoplastic medium (without flow separation and with nonsymmetric separation of the medium flow taken into account) is used to study the Lyapunov stability of rectilinear motion of a body in the case of frozen axial velocity on a half-infinite time interval. Some stability criteria are obtained and the influence of tangential stresses is analyzed.     

An inelastic material model for filled polytetrafluorethylen

Summary  This paper presents a viscoplastic model for PTFE designed to simulate numerically PTFE shaft seals. A rate-independent elastoplastic model with an endochronic flow rule is coupled in series with a rate-dependent Kelvin model, which has a highly nonlinear damper. In contrast to previous models for PTFE, this unified approach is suitable for numerical simulation of the loading and the stress relaxation behaviour at ambient temperature. Received 30 October 2001; accepted for publication 21 January 2002     

基于统一强度理论的岩石弹塑性本构模型及其数值实现

基于弹塑性力学理论，以统一强度准则为屈服准则，建立了考虑硬化/软化行为和应变率效应的岩石弹塑性本构模型；采用Fortran语言通过LS-DYNA的用户自定义材料接口(Umat)对该弹塑性本构模型进行编程，并把该程序生成求解器以达到对该模型进行应用的目的；通过岩石的单轴压缩实验和SHPB实验对所建的弹塑性本构模型进行验证，结果表明，该弹塑性本构模型能够反映岩石在准静态和动态下的力学行为。     

Onset of residual stress fields near solitary spherical inclusions in a perfectly elastoplastic medium

When computing residual stresses in deformable solids, one has to use the theory of elastoplastic solids, because the final level and distribution of residual stresses is determined exactly by the accumulated reversible strains. In turn, to compute the elastic strains, one needs to determine the displacement field. The problem of determining displacements in statically determinate problems of the theory of perfect elastoplastic solids was considered for the first time in [1, 2]. The techniques proposed there permitted solving the problem of finding the residual stresses near a cylindrical cavity in a perfectly elastoplastic medium [3]. It was shown that secondary plastic flow [4] may arise in the unloading processes, which significantly redistributes the final residual stresses. In the present paper, we consider the loading and unloading problems for a ball with a rigid or elastic spherical inclusion. We study the onset of secondary plastic flow under unloading and compute the residual stresses. Thus, we model the onset of the residual stress field near a more rigid inhomogeneity. The case of a softer inhomogeneity was essentially considered in [3], where the onset of the residual stress field near a continuity flaw was studied.