带式输送机压陷阻力理论研究

为了减小带式输送机的压陷阻力,基于粘弹性材料在动载荷下的能耗理论,覆盖层采用三元件固体模型,对输送机压陷阻力的能耗机理进行了理论研究,推导出输送带通过托辊时的压陷阻力及压陷阻力系数理论公式.并结合具体输送机技术参数、利用公式和Matlab软件对各种影响因素进行了分析和探讨,结果表明公式能够正确反映各种因素对压陷阻力系数的影响.输送带的粘弹性特性是造成输送机压陷阻力的主要因素,可以通过选配合适的输送带橡胶材料获得合适的输送带粘弹性参数,并结合调整输送带和输送机的结构参数达到降低输送机压陷阻力的目的.     

分数阶微分型双参数黏弹性地基矩形板受荷响应

基于考虑水平剪切变形和竖向压缩变形的双参数地基模型,利用分数阶微分建立了黏弹性地基上矩形薄板荷载作用下的挠度方程;根据弹性-黏弹性对应原理,通过Laplace变换将四边简支矩形板弹性问题的解推广求解分数阶微分黏弹性问题;通过算例表明分数阶微分型黏弹性模型比经典黏弹性模型的适应性,并分析了模型参数对挠度-时间关系的影响.     

热环境中黏弹性功能梯度材料及其结构的蠕变

基于经典的对应原理, 将 Mori-Tanaka 方法等细观力学结果推广于定常温度环境下的黏弹性情形. 根据泊松比与时间呈弱相关的特点, 给出 Laplace 象空间中功能梯度材料的松弛模量和热膨胀系数, 并直接建立耦合热应变的多维黏弹性本构关系. 在此基础上, 求解黏弹性功能梯度圆柱薄壳在热环境中的轴对称弯曲蠕变变形问题. 考虑材料热物参数的温度相关性, 首先确定稳态温度场, 导出相空间中轴对称弯曲变形的解析解, 采用数值反演得到蠕变变形. 算例表明, 蠕变初期, 热环境的影响明显, 随着时间增加, 热应力松弛, 影响逐渐消失. 当圆柱薄壳受轴压时, 相比于两端固支, 两端简支的端部变形更加明显. 通过圆柱薄壳的轴对称弯曲求解, 给出体积含量呈任意分布的黏弹性功能梯度结构在热机载荷下的蠕变分析途径.      

剪切流下发生涡激振动的柔性立管阻力特性研究

利用缩尺模型试验的方法研究了线性剪切流下涡激振动发生时柔性立管的阻力特性.文中基于光纤光栅应变传感器测得的模型应变信息,采用梁复杂弯曲理论计算了立管的平均阻力,继而分析了阻力系数沿管长方向和雷诺数的分布特性以及涡激振动对阻力系数的放大效应,并提出了用于估算柔性立管发生涡激振动时阻力系数的经验公式.结果表明:涡激振动对阻力系数有放大效应,使得立管局部阻力系数高达3.2;平均阻力系数在1.0×104到1.2×105的雷诺数区间内的值为1.3~2.0,并随雷诺数的增大而减小.本文提出的经验公式可准确估算高雷诺数下涡激振动发生时柔性立管的阻力系数,此经验公式考虑了流速、涡激振动主导模态以及主导频率对阻力系数的影响.      

基于等效黏性弹簧的黏弹性Timoshenko裂纹梁弯曲解析解

考虑裂纹的缝隙和黏性效应,将梁中横向裂纹等效为黏弹性扭转弹簧,利用广义Delta函数,给出了Laplace变换域内裂纹梁的等效抗弯刚度,得到了具有任意开闭裂纹数目且满足标准线性固体黏弹性本构的Timoshenko梁在时间域内的弯曲变形显式解析通解．在此基础上,通过两个数值算例,分析了时间、梁跨高比和裂纹深度等参数对黏弹性Timoshenko开裂纹梁弯曲变形的影响．结果表明：裂纹黏性对Timoshenko裂纹梁的弯曲具有显著的影响．相比于裂纹的弹性扭转弹簧模型,考虑裂纹黏性效应的黏弹性Timoshenko裂纹梁在裂纹处挠度尖点和转角跳跃现象十分明显．另外,由于横向剪切引起的附加变形,Timoshenko裂纹梁的稳态挠度与Euler-Bernoulli梁挠度的差值为常数,其大小与裂纹模型、梁跨高比或裂纹深度无关,这些结果对梁裂纹无损检测具有指导意义．     

纤维增强聚合物加固黏弹性Timoshenko木梁的弯曲变形

假定木梁和纤维增强聚合物(FRP)布分别服从标准线性固体黏弹性本构和弹性本构,且FRP布与木梁紧密粘贴,建立了FRP布加固黏弹性矩形截面Timoshenko木梁弯曲变形的控制方程.在此基础上,利用Laplace变换及其逆变换,给出了突加集中和均布载荷作用下FRP布加固简支黏弹性Timoshenko木梁弯曲变形的轴向位移、转角和挠度解析表达式.根据花旗松(DF)木材标准线性固体本构的材料参数,数值分析了芳纶纤维聚合物(AFRP)含量和梁跨高比对AFRP布加固黏弹性Timoshenko DF梁弯曲蠕变行为的影响.结果表明:Timoshenko DF梁的弯曲蠕变效应显著,AFRP布加固可有效减小Timoshenko DF梁的蠕变挠度;随着DF梁跨高比减小或AFRP含量的提高,AFRP布加固Timoshenko DF梁的最大压应力和最大拉应力减小.     

基于压缩蠕变试验的流变参数理论解析反演

大坝坝基的长期稳定性是大坝运营安全的重要保障, 而坝基岩体中的软弱夹层是影响其变形和稳定的重要因素. 为研究大岗山水电站坝基中辉绿岩脉软弱夹层在长期载荷作用下的变形机制, 在坝基边坡的试验平硐内垂直于软弱夹层进行了现场大型圆形刚性承压板压缩蠕变试验. 辨识得到可较准确表示其蠕变特性的5参量广义Kelvin模型, 克服了3 参量广义Kelvin模型收敛过快的缺陷. 基于弹性力学中的布辛涅斯克问题, 通过黏弹性理论中的拉普拉斯变换及逆变换, 推导出了刚性承压板下部岩体的5参量广义Kelvin模型表示的黏弹性变形公式, 并以此为基础反演得到流变参数.     

单边自由的固支岩板黏弹性行为分析及其应用

利用黏弹性理论对单边自由的固支岩板的黏弹性力学行为进行了分析研究，重新导出了相空间中黏弹性参数的变换关系式，并利用此式建立了单边自由的固支岩板的广义Kelvin黏弹性分析格式，将其应用于某层状岩体洞室顶板的变形特性分析．计算表明，其与实际勘察结果比较接近，可供工程实际应用参考．     

黏弹性地基上梁的力学行为分析

 考虑地基土(或基础)的黏弹性性态，基于黏弹性力学的基本原 理，采用Fourier级数，建立了梁的力学分析模型，给出了Maxwell与 Kelvin地基(或基础)上梁的变形和内力表达式. 文末的工程实例表明， 所建立的力学模型正确，可用于对各种工程中的基础梁分析.     

基于Fourier级数展开的Laplace数值逆变换

研究了基于Fourier级数展开的Laplace数值逆变换在黏弹性力学问题中的 有效应用，这类方法的关键涉及计算参数的选择. 构造了优化模型，对计算参数寻优，以 黏弹性层合圆柱薄壳在轴压下的准静态变形以及受突加内压黏弹性圆筒在平面应变条件下的 动应力响应为例阐述方法的应用. 结果表明：通过优化模型能有效地确定计算参数；且当反 演参数与计算时间的乘积在一定范围内时，Fourier级数展开法均能给出一致的结果，由此， 可按与计算时间成反比的关系来确定反演算法中的参数.     

粘弹性地基上粘弹性输流管道的稳定性分析

从Winkler假设和单轴线性粘弹性本构方程出发，推导了Kelvin-Voigt粘弹性地基上三参量固体模型输流管道的运动微分方程，采用改进的有限差分法，分析了管道和地基的粘弹性参数对输流管道无量纲复频率和无量纲流速之间的变化关系的影响。     

DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF VISCOELASTIC AXIALLY MOVING BELT

Based on the Kelvin viscoelastic differential constitutive law and the motion equation of the axially moving belt, the nonlinear dynamic model of the viscoelastic axial moving belt was established. And then it was reduced to be a linear differential system which the analytical solutions with a constant transport velocity and with a harmonically varying transport velocity were obtained by applying Lie group transformations. According to the nonlinear dynamic model, the effects of material parameters and the steady-state velocity and the perturbed axial velocity of the belt on the dynamic responses of the belts were investigated by the research of digital simulation . The result shows:1) The nonlinear vibration frequency of the belt will become small when the relocity of the belt increases . 2) Increasing the value of viscosity or decreasing the value of elasticity leads to a deceasing in vibration frequencies. 3) The most effects of the transverse amplitudes come from the frequency of the perturbed veloc     

带式输送机的动张力计算与动力学设计

给出了带式输送机在采用不同拉紧装置时胶带黏弹性振动方程的位移解和动张力解析解的计算方法，给出了拉紧装置、驱动装置和制动装置的动力学设计方法，并研究了限制或消除胶带弹性振动的工程设计方法。     

黏弹性传动带1:3内共振时的周期和混沌运动

研究了参数激励作用下黏弹性传动带在1:3内共振时的周期解分岔和混沌动力学. 同时考虑传动带的线性外阻尼因素和材料内阻尼因素. 首先建立了具有线性外阻尼情况下的黏弹性传动带平面运动时的非线性动力学方程, 黏弹性材料的本构关系用Kelvin模型描述. 然后考虑黏弹性传动带的横向振动问题, 利用多尺度法和Galerkin离散法得到黏弹性传动带系统在1:3内共振时的平均方程. 最后利用数值模拟方法研究了黏弹性传动带系统的周期振动和混沌动力学, 得到了系统在不同参数下的混沌运动. 数值模拟结果说明黏弹性传动带系统存在周期分岔, 概周期运动及混沌运动.     

The effect of transient viscoelastic properties on interfacial instabilities in superposed pressure driven channel flows

In a recent study, Ganpule and Khomami (submitted to J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech.) have shown that in order to accurately describe the experimentally observed interfacial instability phenomenon in superposed channel flow of viscoelastic fluids, a constitutive equation that can accurately depict not only the steady viscometric properties of the experimental test fluids, but also their transient viscoelastic properties must be used in the analysis. In the present study, the effect of differences in transient viscoelastic properties which can arise either due to the differences in the predictive capabilities of various constitutive models or from the presence of multiple modes of relaxation on the interfacial instabilities of the superposed pressure driven channel flows has been investigated. Specifically, a linear stability analysis is performed using nonlinear constitutive equations which predict identical steady viscometric properties but different transient viscoelastic properties. It is shown that different nonlinear constitutive equations give rise to the same mechanism of interfacial instability, but the boundaries of the neutral stability contours and the magnitudes of the growth/decay rates, especially at intermediate and shortwaves, are shifted due to the overshoots in the transient viscoelastic responses predicted by the constitutive equations. In addition, the effect of the presence of multiple modes of relaxation on interfacial stability is studied using single and multiple mode upper convected Maxwell (UCM) fluids and it is shown that pronounced differences in the intermediate and shortwave linear stability predictions arise due to the fact that the increase in the number of modes gives rise to additional fast as well as slow relaxation modes and the presence of these additional relaxation modes gives rise to differences in the transient viscoelastic response of the fluids in the absence of any overshoots. The effect of fluid inertia on the interfacial stability of viscoelastic liquids is examined and it is shown that at longwaves, inertia has a pronounced effect on the stability of the interface, whereas at shortwaves, elastic and viscous effects dominate. Furthermore, the mechanism of viscoelastic interfacial instabilities is studied by a careful examination of disturbance eigenfunctions as well as performing a disturbance energy analysis. The results indicate that the mechanism of viscoelastic interfacial instabilities can be described in terms of interaction of mechanisms of purely viscous and purely elastic instabilities. However, since more than one mechanism for the instability is at work, the disturbance energy analysis can not clearly distinguish between them due to the fact that the eigenfunctions used in the energy analysis contain the information regarding both viscous and elastic effects. Hence, the mechanism of the instability must be determined by a careful examination of disturbance eigenfunctions.     

The ultratough peeling of elastic tapes from viscoelastic substrates

The peeling of an elastic thin tape from a flat smooth viscoelastic substrate is investigated. Based on a Green function approach and on the translational invariance, a closed form analytical solution is proposed, which takes into account the viscoelastic dissipation in the substrate material.We find that peeling is prevented from taking place, only when the external force is smaller than the one predicted by Kendall's formula for elastic tapes on rigid substrates. However, we also find that, regardless of the value of the applied force, steady state detachment may occur when the elastic tape is sufficiently stiff. In this case, the constant peeling velocity can be modulated by properly defining the geometrical parameters and the material properties of tape and viscoelastic foundation. On the other hand, for relatively high peeling angles or compliant tapes a threshold value of the peeling force is found, above which the steady-state equilibrium is no longer possible and unstable detachment occurs.The present study contributes to shed light on the behavior of pressure sensitive adhesives in contact with viscoelastic substrates like the human skin. At the same time, it can be considered a first step towards a better understanding of the effect of viscoelastic dissipation on the fracture behavior of solids.     

Analysis of wave propagation in a functionally graded nanobeam resting on visco-Pasternak's foundation

Wave propagation analysis for a functionally graded nanobeam with rectangular cross-section resting on visco-Pasternak's foundation is studied in this paper. Timoshenko's beam model and nonlocal elasticity theory are employed for formulation of the problem. The equations of motion are derived using Hamilton's principals by calculating kinetic energy, strain energy and work due to viscoelastic foundation. The effects of various parameters such as wavenumber, non-homogeneous index, nonlocal parameter and three parameters of foundation are performed on the phase velocity of the nanobeam. The obtained results indicate that some parameters such as non-homogeneous index, nonlocal parameter and wavenumber have significant effect on the response of the system.     

变截面黏弹性直杆纵振时复频率分析的差分解法

从一维黏弹性本构方程出发,导出了黏弹性变截面直杆纵向振动微分方程的一般形式,采用了有限差分法,并以二阶矩阵表示的递推形式,建立了该问题的复特征值方程组。两种Maxwell黏弹性变截面（指数指数、线性函数）直杆的数值计算表明,该方法运算简单,计算精度高,能适用于求解任意变截面黏弹性直属的纵向自由振动问题。     

Nonlinear dynamic response of axially moving,stretched viscoelastic strings

The dynamical response of axially moving, partially supported, stretched viscoelastic belts is investigated analytically in this paper. The Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic material model is considered and material, not partial, time derivative is employed in the viscoelastic constitutive relation. The string is considered as a three part system: one part resting on a nonlinear foundation and two that are free to vibrate. The tension in the belt span is assumed to vary periodically over a mean value (as it occurs in real mechanisms), and the corresponding equation of motion is derived by applying Newton’s second law of motion for an infinitesimal element of the string. The method of multiple scales is applied to the governing equation of motion, and nonlinear natural frequencies and complex eigenfunctions of the system are obtained analytically. Regarding the resonance case, the limit-cycle of response is formulated analytically. Finally, the effects of system parameters such as axial speed, excitation characteristics, viscousity and foundation modulus on the dynamical response, natural frequencies and bifurcation points of system are presented.