设置软衬垫的地下圆形结构的动应力集中

本文利用波函数展开法求解了设置软衬垫防护的地下圆形结构的平面ＳＨ波、Ｐ波及ＳＶ波作用下的稳态响应，求出了结构内壁周向应力的动应力集中系数，并详细计算了软衬垫的弹性性质参数及厚度对动应力集中系数的影响曲线。本文计算的不分层空穴情形的结构与文献中结果完全吻合。本文结果不仅可为地下坑道工程的设计提供必要的参数，而且为进一步研究该类问题的瞬态响应提供参考。     

爆炸载荷作用下地下圆形结构动态分析

应用有限元方法分析了在爆炸载荷作用下地下圆形结构与土介质的动力相互作用问题。结构与土介质均假定为弹塑性，并用Ｍｉｓｅｓ屈服准则描述，而且考虑其几何非线性的影响。文中使用了人为阻尼边界和模型几何尺寸限制条件，从而大大提高了计算精度。文中还对几种解进行了比较和讨论     

弹性应力波理论中的运动非线性问题

本文在线性应变条件下导出了应力波在弹性介质中传播的非线性的运动方程。文中指出方程的非线性性质是由变形运动本身的非线性性质决定的。故这类非线性问题可以称为弹性应力波理论中的运动非线性问题。文中对在有限变形下具有线性应力——应变关系的弹性材料,在一维应变下,对方程进行了简化并给出了一个求解的实例。计算结果表明,这种情况下存在着十分明显的非线性动态响应,在分析和计算中必须加以考虑。     

爆炸载荷作用下地下拱形结构动态分析

应用有限元方法分析了爆炸载荷作用下地下拱形结构与土介质的动力相互作用问题。结构与介质均假定为弹塑性，并用Ｍｉｓｅｓ屈服准则描述，且考虑其几何非线性的影响。使用了人为阻尼边界，并使计算模型的几何尺寸满足限制性条件，从而大大提高了计算精度。还对几种解进行了比较，对影响结构应力场的因素也进行了讨论。     

超长柔吊装臂架回转作业刚柔耦合动力学模型与分析

针对超长柔臂架系统在回转吊装运动中的非线性动力学行为,开展了模型构建与振动特性分析。考虑大型起重机臂架的刚柔耦合运动特征与吊装大挠度效应,利用混合坐标系描述了吊臂刚柔耦合运动,在臂头随动坐标系上描述吊重与钢丝绳的偏摆运动;通过初应力法构建了结构的几何非线性刚度矩阵;采用拉格朗日方程,推导并给出了综合考虑超长柔臂架刚柔耦合效应、几何非线性效应、惯性力效应的动力学分析模型。通过对某轮式起重机的动力仿真分析,结果表明:超长柔臂架在吊臂几何非线性效应影响下,吊重偏摆幅度增大,周期延长;吊载愈重,几何非线性效应对吊臂振动及吊重摆动的影响愈明显;轻载吊装吊臂振动主要由回转惯性力引起,但重载时吊臂振动规律取决于吊重偏摆振动。分析结果为臂架结构设计及控制系统设计提供了依据。     

随机参数天线结构的概率优化设计

研究了具有随机参数天线结构基于概率的优化设计问题。同时考虑了结构物理参数、几何尺寸和作用荷载等的随机性;应用有限元方法与结构可靠性理论对抛物面天线反射面精度的可靠性和结构单元强度、稳定性和可靠性进行了分析;在此基础上构建了基于概率的天线背架结构优化设计模型。对8m口径天线结构的优化结果表明:文中提出的天线结构分析和优化设计模型与方法是合理可行的。     

瞬态波作用下非线性岩土与非圆结构的相互作用

本文讨论了瞬态波作用下非线性岩土与非圆结构相互作用的问题。文中引用了一种多参数的非线性弹性岩土模型,应用复变函数方法求解了由小参数摄动展开得到的各阶渐近线性方程,并利用映射函数使计算得到简化。文中给出了瞬态波水平和垂直入射时直墙拱结构动力响应的位移和应力数值结果。     

复合环境下直升机旋翼动力特性分析

考虑直升机旋翼旋转时声场、应力刚化、几何大变形等复合运行环境,对多种影响因素下的旋翼动力特性进行研究。通过实验测试数据建立了直升机旋翼结构的动力有限元模型,对旋翼在静止、应力刚化影响下的动力特性进行了分析;建立旋翼声振耦合动力学模型,考虑外声场和旋翼几何非线性影响因素,深入研究旋翼动力特性的变化规律,分析了其内在机理。研究分析发现:考虑声场影响后结构前三阶的固有频率误差分别减小了0.46%、0.82%、0.45%,更接近实验值,旋翼桨叶的振幅峰值明显降低;应力刚化对旋翼模态影响较大,随着其转速的增加固有频率呈二次曲线上升趋势;几何非线性使旋翼的共振频率值略微增大、振幅极值减小。     

圆柱壳的非线性动力屈曲分析

本文研究在轴向冲击作用下，具有初始几何缺陷的圆柱壳的非线性弹性动力屈曲问题。由于冲击过程中作用时间极短，应力波的影响变得相当重要，同时认为圆柱壳经历大挠度变形。分析中不仅考虑圆柱壳的径向惯性力，而且也考虑轴向惯性力和几何非线性的影响。假设圆柱壳中位移和薄膜力可分成轴对称分量和非轴对称分量之和，并引入应力函数表示非轴对称内力，对平衡方程应用伽辽金方法，将导出的和冲击物体的质量对动屈曲性能的影响很大。     

模糊桁架结构有限元分析的随机因子法

研究模糊桁架结构在模糊力作用下的有限元分析方法。考虑桁架结构材料物理参数、几何尺寸和外荷载同时为模糊变量，利用信息熵将模糊变量转变为随机变量。基于随机因子法，利用代数综合法推导出结构位移和应力响应的均值、方差的计算表达式。通过算例，分析了结构物理参数、几何尺寸和外荷载的模糊性对结构位移和应力响应的影响，并验证了本文模型和方法的合理性与可行性。本方法的优点是能够反映结构某一参数的模糊型对结构响应的影响。     

炸药爆炸作用下地下结构的动力响应分析

基于显式有限元计算程序LS-DYNA3D和粘弹性人工边界条件，建立了爆腔-地下结构-软回填隔震层-岩土介质系统三维弹粘塑性动力响应分析模型，其中爆腔的模拟采用了经验关系式。通过与美陆军技术手册TM5-855-1经验公式的计算结果比较，表明该分析模型与方法是合理的。还进一步讨论了软回填层的隔震效果。     

Scattering of elastic waves in an elastic matrix containing an inclusion with interfaces

Based on the theory of elastic dynamics, the scattering of elastic waves and dynamic stress concentration in fiber-reinforced composite with interfaces are studied. Analytical expressions of elastic waves in different medium areas are presented and an analytic method of solving this problem is established. The mode coefficients are determined by means of the continuous conditions of displacement and stress on the boundary of the interfaces. The influence of material properties and structural size on the dynamic stress concentration factors near the interfaces is analyzed. It indicates that they have a great influence on the dynamic properties of fiber-reinforced composite. As examples, numerical results of dynamic stress concentration factors near the interfaces are presented and discussed. This paper provides reliable theoretical evidence for the study of dynamic properties in fiber-reinforced composite. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19972018).     

内部填充泡沫铝的柱壳力学响应数值模拟

针对泡沫铝及其填充圆柱壳的变形模式复杂、理论分析困难的问题,在分析泡沫金属唯象本构模型的基础上,用Bilkhu/Dubois可压缩泡沫模型描述泡沫铝的力学行为,用随机几何缺陷描述结构的可能缺陷形式,采用有限元法对内部填充泡沫铝的圆柱壳结构在轴向载荷作用下的静、动态力学响应进行了数值模拟.数值模拟结果与实验结果较一致,表...     

Stability and bifurcation analysis of a nonlinear transversally loaded rotating shaft

The dynamic stability and self-excited posteritical whirling of rotating transversally loaded shaft made of a standard material with elastic and viscous nonlinearities are analyzed in this paper using the theory of bifurcations as a mathematical tool. Partial differential equations of motion are derived under assumption that von Karman's nonlinearity is absent but geometric curvature nonlinearity is included. Galerkin's first-mode discretization procedure is then applied and the equations of motion are transformed to two third-order nonlinear equations that are analyzed using the theory of bifurcation. Condition for nontrivial equilibrium stability is determined and a bifurcating periodic solution of the second-order approximation is derived. The effects of dimensionless stress relaxation time and cubic elastic and viscous nonlinearities as well as the role of the transverse load are studied in the exemplary numerical calculations. A strongly stabilizing influence of the relaxation time is found that may eliminate self-excited vibration at all. Transition from super- to subcritical bifurcation is observed as a result of interaction between system nonlinearities and the transverse load.     

ELASTIC WAVE SCATTERING AND DYNAMIC STRESS IN COMPOSITE WITH FIBER

IntroductionTheproblemofscatteringofelasticwavesinsolidstructureshasnotonlytheoreticalsignificancebutalsowideoutlookinengineering .Thisproblemhasabsorbedmanypeople’sattentionsinmanyfieldssuchasaeronautics,compositemechanics,civilengineeringandearthquakeengineering[1～ 3 ] .Thepropagatingvelocityanddirectionofelasticwaveareinvariableasitpropagatesinaninfiniteuniformmedium .Butscatteringofelasticwavescanoccurifthereexistsincontinuitysuchasinclusion ,crackandcavityinelasticmedium .Fiber_reinfor…     

通量修正输运法在动态有限差分和有限元中的应用

阐述了通量修正输运法（ＦＣＴ方法）的计算格式及其原理。并以一维应力波为例，讨论了ＦＣＴ方法在有限差分与有限元中的应用。结果表明ＦＣＴ方法对于提高冲击波分辨率和消除波后振荡是有效的。     

桅杆风致破坏机理研究

桅杆风致破坏的情况屡见不鲜。桅杆的非线性是相当复杂的,它是由拉索的几何非线性和拉索的张力产生的,拉索的张力又依赖于拉索的几何位置。研究指出由于在经常性风荷载作用下,桅杆产生空间混沌振动,并由此产生疲劳破坏的结果,但这些研究仅限于确定性情况。本文中将研究扩展到随机问题,数值计算结果表明该系统存在随机混沌现象,其响应平均值与平均应力指出混沌性质。为了进一步研究桅杆破坏机理,因此在本文中,既考虑突发性故障问题,又考虑随机疲劳寿命问题,并给出时间与应力极值概率。     

A 3D direct coupling method for steady ship hydroelastic analysis

Asides from the influence of incoming waves, ships can experience steady motions, such as rigid-body sinkage and trim motions, and flexible-body vertical bending motions, due to a constant forward speed even under calm water conditions. In this paper, a novel approach to analyze steady-ship hydroelasticity, particularly for the steady-ship motions and surrounding steady-wave disturbances, is proposed using a three-dimensional (3D) direct coupling method, based on a higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM) and a higher-order shell finite element method (FEM). Within the linearized framework, a solution method is proposed based on a two-step procedure, using two types of Neumann–Kelvin (NK) linear flow models for the fluid part and a virtual work equilibrium equation for the structural part. The first step is to compute a mean position wave-resistance problem using the modified NK equation, the second step is to solve a perturbed position wave-resistance problem, by employing a classical NK model and a virtual work equation based on the first step’s solution. Detailed mathematical formulation and numerical procedures are described, and a few numerical results are illustrated. These include both rigid and flexible steady-ship motions, Von-Mises stress distributions, and wave-resistance coefficients for Froude numbers ranging from 0.15 to 0.5. Furthermore, the numerical results obtained using the present direct coupling method and a modal-based one are compared.