热应力作用下结构声-振耦合响应数值分析

考察飞行器结构热应力对结构及其内声腔声-振耦合特性的影响,建立考虑热应力因素的声-振耦合动力学有限元方程,对一个典型飞行器结构考虑热应力时的声-振耦合动力学响应进行分析。计算结果表明,热应力的存在对耦合模型的固有频率影响较小,受热应力影响较大的区域主要集中在机头及机身等部位,其固有振动特性有较明显的变化。通过对比结构加速度与内声腔声压级的响应结果发现,热应力的影响主要表现为系统响应幅值及峰值位置的改变。     

考虑动水压力和流固耦合的库水-坝体-地基系统建模与动力分析

结合动水压力模型和罚函数耦合算法，考虑地基和坝体结构的接触以及边界效应，构建动水压力和流固耦合作用下的库水-坝体-地基地震响应分析模型和方法。通过与试验结果及解析解和实测数据对比，验证了本文模型和方法能准确反映系统地震荷载和分析整体耦合系统的动力响应，引入罚函数处理流固耦合界面能提高计算收敛速度。进一步以某重力坝工程实际为背景，验证本文构建的模型和方法适用于库水-坝体-地基耦合系统动力分析的可行性，并分析了地震作用下地基变形对系统动力响应的影响。     

声场-结构耦合系统声压约束下板重量优化设计研究

为了减小振动板重量并使其振动噪声满足设计要求,基于声场-结构耦合有限元模型,提出了使结构重量最小化、满足声压约束的优化设计模型。用有限元直接法计算耦合系统的声响应及域点声压对结构设计变量的灵敏度,用可行方向法对其进行了优化设计研究。以一矩形平板和立方体声场耦合系统为实例,以壳厚度为设计变量,给出了域点声压对结构设计变量的灵敏度、优化前和优化后声压级对比图及最优的设计变量值。经过优化设计,在1Hz~200Hz频段内域点声压最大值降低6分贝,结构重量减少1.88千克。结果表明,声压约束下结构重量最小化设计,通过对结构重量的重新分布,能同时满足结构轻量化及噪声指标的要求。     

以随机响应为目标的方舱结构动力修改

针对振动系统在随机激励下的响应进行结构动力修改是具有实用价值的工程问题。本文以系统在道路随机激励下的加速度响应为目标，借助于系统模态及响应的灵敏度分析和矩阵摄动法，对大型机动电子方舱系统进行了快速结构动力修改。     

充液系统液体-多体耦合动力响应分析

提出了充液系统的液体-多体耦合力学模型，基于ALE有限元法和多体系统动力学理论，发展了液体-多体耦合动力响应分析的一种有效方法. 对于液体子系统，将其运动分解为随同贮箱的大位移运动和相对贮箱的大幅晃动，引入贮箱固连参考系中的任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)运动学描述，建立了贮箱固连非惯性参考系中液体的ALE有限元方程，对液体有限元方程的缩聚大大减少了液体子系统的计算规模. 为了计及液体阻尼的影响，引入了液体修正的Rayleigh阻尼，避免了伪阻尼力的出现. 对于多体子系统，应用多体系统动力学理论建立动力学方程. 在此基础上详细导出了液体-多体耦合动力学方程，并采用预估-多重校正算法(PMA)和时间步长控制算法进行迭代求解，既保证了迭代收敛，又提高了计算效率. 所给算例成功求解了液体运输车辆系统的液体-多体耦合动力响应，深入分析了有关参数对系统动力响应的影响，获得了一些结论.     

求谐振动力响应及其灵敏度的直接迭代法

本文提出一种求解谐振动力响应及其灵敏度的有效迭代算法,这种方法并不是采用先求结构自振频率、振型再求动力响应及其灵敏度的途径,而是利用动力方程直接推出相应的迭代格式,通过迭代得到问题的动力响应及其灵敏度,计算实例表明,本方法是有效的。     

缸套-活塞系统润滑行为与动力学行为耦合分析

建立了缸套-活塞系统油膜润滑与动力学行为耦合分析模型，并用数值方法进行了仿真计算，用有限元法计算了缸体的结构动力响应；通过采用有限差分法求解平均雷诺方程计算了缸套和活塞间的流体润滑特性，并探讨了活塞二阶振动的影响；采用顺序耦合的方法计算了考虑缸套-活塞摩擦、润滑与缸体结构振动、活塞二阶振动耦合作用的缸套-活塞间最小油膜厚度变化、摩擦力及摩擦功耗等．同不考虑缸体振动时的相应分析和计算结果对比发现，缸体结构振动对油膜润滑特性具有重要影响．     

考虑声辐射特性的结构优化设计

传统的结构动力优化设计没有考虑声辐射特性,而随着人们对环境舒适度要求的提高,降低声辐射水平成为人们越来越关心的问题。本文首先给出了用有限元方法计算结构动力响应,边界元法计算结构声辐射特性的方程,在此基础上重点建立了结构声辐射优化设计模型,同时用序列二次规划算法进行了优化求解。在JIFEX软件中实现了上述理论和算法,并通过优化设计的数值算例,进一步说明了本文的研究方法能够有效的降低结构声辐射水平。     

散粒体-贮仓结构-地基的动力特性分析

以筒仓模型结构为例，考虑到散粒体-结构-地基的相互作用，对弹性地基上筒仓内的散粒体的不同计算模型进行了多种工况、系统的有限元动力分析计算。通过与筒仓模型动力实验结果进行了比较，得出结论：在对地基施以水平激励时，弹性地基上筒仓的动力响应大于刚性地基上筒仓的动力响应，散粒体与仓壁的相对运动对筒仓结构有减振作用。     

热-应力耦合结构灵敏度分析方法

研究稳态／瞬态热传导灵敏度分析、以及热与机械荷载同时作用的热结构应力灵敏度分析问题。考虑了温度场随设计变量的变化及其对应力的影响,提出温度场与结构热应力耦合问题的灵敏度计算方法。特别指出了热－应力耦合灵敏度分析中温度场导数的影响, 说明了在热－应力耦合结构灵敏度分析中必须考虑耦合灵敏度。在应用软件系统JIFEX中实现了所提出的方法,数值算例验证了灵敏度算法的精度。     

3-D inviscid self-excited vibrations of a blade row in the last stage turbine

Presented here is a three-dimensional (3-D) nonlinear time-marching method for the aeroelastic behaviour of an oscillating turbine blade row. The approach has been based in the solution of a coupled fluid–structure problem where the aerodynamic and structural dynamic equations are integrated simultaneously in time. This provides the correct formulation of a coupled problem, as the interblade phase angle (IBPA) at which stability (instability) would occur is also a part of solution. The ideal gas flow around multiple interblade passages (with periodicity in the entire annulus) is described by the unsteady Euler equations in conservative form, which are integrated by using the explicit monotonic second-order accurate Godunov–Kolgan finite-volume scheme and a moving hybrid H–O (or H–H) grid. The fluid and the structural equations are solved using the modal superposition method. An aeroelasticity prediction of a turbine blade of 0.765 m is presented. The natural frequencies and modal shapes of the blade were calculated by using 3-D finite element models. The instability regions for five mode shapes and the distribution of the aerodamping coefficient along the blade length were shown for harmonic oscillations with an assumed IBPA. The coupled fluid–structure oscillations in which the IBPA is part of the solution are shown.     

Topology optimization of a plate coupled with acoustic cavity

Optimization of the topology of a plate coupled with an acoustic cavity is presented in an attempt to minimize the fluid–structure interactions at different structural frequencies. A mathematical model is developed to simulate such fluid–structure interactions based on the theory of finite elements. The model is integrated with a topology optimization approach which utilizes the moving asymptotes method. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in simultaneously attenuating the structural vibration and the sound pressure inside the acoustic domain at several structural frequencies by proper redistribution of the plate material.Experimental verification is carried out by manufacturing topology optimized plates and monitoring their vibration and sound radiation into a rigid acoustic cavity. The measured sound pressure and plate vibration are found to be in good agreement with the predictions of the mathematical model.The presented theoretical and experimental techniques present valuable tools in the design of a wide variety of critical structures which must operate quietly when subjected to fluid loading.     

Coupled free vibration analysis of a fluid-filled rectangular container with a sagged bottom membrane

In the present paper, two-dimensional coupled free vibrations of a fluid-filled rectangular container with a sagged bottom membrane are investigated. This system consists of two rigid walls and a membrane anchored along two rigid vertical walls. It is filled with incompressible and inviscid fluid. The membrane material is assumed to act like an inextensible material with no bending resistance. First, the nonlinear equilibrium equation is solved and the equilibrium shape of the membrane is obtained using an analytical formulation neglecting the membrane weight. The small vibrations about the equilibrium configuration are then investigated. Along the contact surface between the bottom membrane and the fluid, the compatibility requirement is applied for the fluid–structure interactions and the finite element method is used to calculate the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the fluid–membrane system. The vibration analysis of the coupled system is accomplished by using the displacement finite element for the membrane and the pressure fluid-finite element for the fluid domain. The variations of natural frequencies with the pressure head, the membrane length, the membrane weight and the distance between two rigid walls are examined. Moreover, the mode shapes of system are investigated.     

Dynamic behaviour modelling of a flexible gear system by the elastic foundation theory in presence of defects

In this paper a novel approach for modelling a spur gear system using finite element method combined with elastic foundation theory is developed. The pinion is modelled by shaft finite element and the wheel by a three-dimensional finite element. Elastic foundation is utilized to model the gearmesh. The modal analysis showed the presence of lower natural frequency for thin rimmed gear cases susceptible to be excited by the operating running condition. The transmission error is affected by the wheel shape and by the presence of lower natural frequencies. Eccentricity error and tooth crack are also modelled to observe their influence on the dynamics behaviour of the system. It was found that they are responsible of the apparition of an amplitude modulation.     

构造满足特征值要求的杂交元应力子空间

通过引进适当参数给出了杂交元应力空间特征值与参数之间的关系,从而可以通过调节参数来构造满足特征值即模态刚度要求的杂交元应力子空间。本在位移元本征应力模式基础上引进调节参数,同时,利用矩阵H对角化方法计算杂交元应力子空间的本征应力模式,然后由此方便有效地计算特征值,从而大大提高了计算效率。本通过建立Q4杂交应力元特征值与参数之间关系说明了这一方法是确定可行的。     

二维含裂纹结构与声耦合问题研究

应用分形有限元方法结合边界元方法研究了二维含裂纹结构和声耦合问题.采用二级分形有限元方法对含裂纹的弹性结构体进行离散处理,这样可以使得自由度数大大地减少;无限大外域声场的计算使用边界元方法,可以自动满足无穷远辐射条件.数值仿真算例结果表明:结构声耦合系统的共振频率随着裂纹深度的增加而下降;裂纹附近的声场所受的影响较为明显.     

LIQUID-SOLID COUPLED SYSTEM OF MICROPUMP

This paper employs the integral-averaged method of thickness to approximate the periodical flows in a piezoelectric micropump, with a shallow water equation including nonlinearity and viscous damp presented to characterize the flows in micropump. The finite element method is used to obtain a matrix equation of fluid pressure. The fluid pressure equation is combined with the vibration equation of a silicon diaphragm to construct a liquid-solid coupled equation for reflecting the interaction between solid diaphragm and fluid motion in a micropump. Numerical results of a mode analysis of the coupled system indicate that the natural frequencies of the coupled system are much lower than those of the non-coupled system. The influence of additional mass and viscous damp of fluid on the natural frequencies of the coupled system is more significant as the pump thickness is small. It is found that the vibration shape functions of silicon diaphragm of the coupled system are almost the same as those of the non-coupled system. This paper also gives the first-order amplitude-frequency relationship of the silicon diaphragm, which is necessary for the flow-rate-frequency analysis of a micropump.     

圆形截面约束阻尼梁整体有限元建模与振动分析

为克服约束阻尼结构在工程应用中存在的由三维有限元建模造成的单元数目巨大的问题,本文提出了圆形实心截面梁附加约束阻尼层横向振动的整体有限元建模方法,并基于此模型,研究了材料的物理属性和几何因子对这类结构的固有频率的影响。通过与三维有限元解法相比较,证明了该方法的可行性与正确性,并给出了该方法的适用范围。     

风机塔筒结构横向振动特性的快速计算方法

本文提出了一种风机塔筒结构横向振动特性的快速计算方法．将机舱和叶片整体、连接法兰盘分别简化为集中质量,塔筒简化为非均匀悬臂梁,建立风机塔筒结构横向振动方程．给出了用假设模态法计算塔筒结构固有频率和模态函数的过程．通过与文献及有限元数值结果比较验证了方法的有效性．本文方法仅需给出结构的基本参数,如截面半径变化规律、法兰盘位置和质量、机舱及叶片质量,便可快速求解其频率和模态,无需建立其复杂的力学模型．     

A fluid–structure interaction model for stability analysis of shells conveying fluid

In this paper, a fluid–structure interaction model for stability analysis of shells conveying fluid is developed. This model is developed for shells of arbitrary geometry and structure and is based on incompressible potential flow. The boundary element method is applied to model the potential flow. The fluid dynamics model is derived by using an inflow/outflow model along with the impermeability condition at the fluid–shell interface. This model is applied to obtain the flow modes and eigenvalues, which are used for the modal representation of the flow field in the shell. Based on the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the shell obtained from an FEM model, the modal analysis technique is used for structural modeling of the shell. Using the linearized Bernoulli equation for unsteady pressure on the fluid–shell interface in combination with the virtual work principle, the generalized structural forces are obtained in terms of the modal coordinates of the fluid flow and the coupled field equations of the fluid–structure are derived. The obtained model is validated by comparison with results in the literature, and very good agreement is demonstrated. Then, some examples are provided to demonstrate the application of the present model to determining the stability conditions of shells with arbitrary geometries.