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1.
A visco-elastoplastic damage constitutive model is proposed for simulating nonlinear behavior of concrete. Based on traditional plastic theory, the irreversible deformation is simulated in effective stress space. In order to reflect different stiffness degradation mechanism of concrete under tensile and compressive loading conditions, both tensile and compressive damage variables are introduced, and then on the basis of energy release rate, the model is firmly derived within the concept of irreversible thermodynamics. The rate-dependent model is considered by introducing viscous regularization into the inelastic strain and damage variable, and combined with an additional elastic condition. Fully implicit backward-Euler algorithm is used to perform constitutive integration. Results of numerical examples using the proposed model agree well with test results for specimens under uniaxial tension and compression, biaxial loading and triaxial loading. Failure processes of single-edge-notched (SEN) beam and double-edge-notched (DEN) specimen are also simulated to further validate the proposed model.  相似文献   

2.
The rate dependent crystallographic finite element program was implemented in ABAQUS as a UMAT for the analysis of the stress distributions near grain boundary in anisotropic bicrystals and tricrystals, taking the different crystallographic orientations into consideration. The numerical results of bicrystals model with the different crystallographic orientations shows that there is a high stress gradient near the grain boundaries. The characteristics of stress structures are dependent on the crystallographic orientations of the two grains. The existing of triple junctions in the tricrystals may result in the stress concentrations, or may not, depending on the crystallographic orientations of the three grains. The conclusion shows that grain boundary with different crystallographic orientations can have different deformation, damage, and faUure behaviors. So it is only on the detail study of the stress distribution can the metal fracture be understood deeply.  相似文献   

3.
A general framework of hydro-mechanical-chemical coupling model is proposed for geomaterial subjected to the dual effects of mechanical loading and chemical degradation. Mechanical damage due to microcracks in solid matrix and chemical damage induced by the increase of porosity due to dissolution of matrix minerals as well as their interactions are considered. A special model is proposed for sandstone. The reaction rate is formulated within the framework of mineral reaction kinetics and can thus take into account different dissolution mechanisms of three main mineral compositions under different pH values. The increase of porosity is physically defined by the dissolution of mineral composition and the chemical damage is related to the increase of porosity. The mechanical behavior is characterized by unified plastic damage and viscoplastic damage modeling. The effective stress is used for describing the effect of pore pressure. The elastic parameters and plastic evolution as well as viscoplastic evolution are dependent on chemical damage. The advection, which is coupled with mechanical damage and chemical damage, is considered as the dominant mechanism of mass transfer. The application of model proposed is from decoupled experiments to fully coupled experiment. The model offers a convenient approach to describing the hydro-mechanical-chemical coupled behavior of geomaterial.  相似文献   

4.
Flexible insect wings deform passively under the periodic loading during napping flight. The wing flexibility is considered as one of the specific mechanisms on improving insect flight performance. The constitutive relation of the insect wing material plays a key role on the wing deformation, but has not been clearly understood yet. A viscoelastic constitutive relation model was established based on the stress relaxation experiment of a dragonfly wing (in vitro). This model was examined by the finite element analysis of the dynamic deformation response for a model insect wing under the action of the periodical inertial force in flapping. It is revealed that the viscoelastic constitutive relation is rational to characterize the biomaterial property of insect wings in contrast to the elastic one. The amplitude and form of the passive viscoelastic deformation of the wing is evidently dependent on the viscous parameters in the constitutive relation.  相似文献   

5.
This paper examines the influence of gravity on the bulk responses of a granular solid. The loading scenarios in this study include confined compression, rod penetration into a granular medium and discharging through an orifice. Similar loading and flow conditions are likely to be encountered in the stress and deformation regimes that regoliths are subjected to in extraterrestrial exploration activities including in situ resource utilisation processes. Both spherical and non-spherical particles were studied using the discrete element method (DEM). Whilst DEM is increasingly used to model granular solids, careful validations of the simulation outcomes are rather rare. Thus in addition to exploring the effect of gravity, this paper also compares DEM simulations with experiments under terrestrial condition to verify whether DEM can produce satisfactory predictions. The terrestrial experiments were conducted with great care and simulated closely using DEM. The key mechanical and geometrical properties for the particles were measured in laboratory tests for use in the DEM simulations. A series of DEM computations were then performed under reduced gravity to simulate these experiments under extraterrestrial environment. It was found that gravity has no noticeable effect on the force transmission in the confined compression case; the loading gradient in the rod penetration is linearly proportional to the gravity; the mass flow rate in silo discharge is proportional to square root of the gravity and the angle of repose increases with reducing gravity. These findings are in agreement with expectation and existing scientific evidence.  相似文献   

6.
An algorithm for single crystals was developed and implemented to simulate plastic anisotropy using a rate-dependent slip model. The proposed procedure was a slightly modified form of single crystal constitutive model of Sarma and Zacharia. Modified Euler method, together with Newton-Raphson method was used to integrate this equation which was stable and efficient. The model together with the developed algorithm was used to study three problems. First, plastic anisotropy was examined by simulating the crystal deformation in tension and plane strain compression, respectively. Secondly, the orientation effect of some material parameters in the model and applied strain rate on plastic anisotropy for single crystal also is investigated. Thirdly, the influence of loading direction on the active slip system was discussed.  相似文献   

7.
A dynamic spherical cavity-expansion penetration model is suggested herein to predict the penetration and perforation of concrete targets struck normally by ogivalnosed projectiles.Shear dilatancy as well as compressibility of the material in comminuted region are considered in the paper by introducing a dilatant-kinematic relation.A procedure is first presented to compute the radial stress at the cavity surface and then a numerical method is used to calculate the results of penetration and perforation with friction being taken into account.The influences of various target parameters such as shear strength,bulk modulus,density,Poisson’s ratio and tensile strength on the depth of penetration are delineated.It is shown that the model predictions are in good agreement with available experimental data.It is also shown that the shear strength plays a dominant role in the target resistance to penetration.  相似文献   

8.
The mechanical response of the human arterial wall under the combined loading of inflation, axial extension, and torsion is examined within the framework of the large deformation hyper-elastic theory. The probability of the aneurysm formation is explained with the instability theory of structure, and the probability of its rupture is explained with the strength theory of material. Taking account of the residual stress and the smooth muscle activities, a two layer thick-walled circular cylindrical tube model with fiber-reinforced composite-based incompressible anisotropic hyper-elastic materials is employed to model the mechanical behavior of the arterial wall. The deformation curves and the stress distributions of the arterial wall are given under normal and abnormal conditions. The results of the deformation and the structure instability analysis show that the model can describe the uniform inflation deformation of the arterial wall under normal conditions, as well as formation and growth of an aneurysm under abnormal conditions such as the decreased stiffness of the elastic and collagen fibers. From the analysis of the stresses and the material strength, the rupture of an aneurysm may also be described by this model if the wall stress is larger than its strength.  相似文献   

9.
10.
Void closing from a spherical shape to a crack is investigated quantitatively in the present study. The constitutive relation of the Void-free matrix is assumed to obey the Norton power law. A representative volume element (RVE) which includes matrix and void is employed and a Rayleigh-Ritz procedure is developed to study the deformation-rates of a spherical void and a penny-shaped crack. Based on an approximate interpolation scheme, an analytical model for void closure in nonlinear plastic materials is established. It is found that the local plastic flows of the matrix material are the main mechanism of void deformation. It is also shown that the relative void volume during the deformation depends on the Norton exponent, on the far-field stress triaxiality, as well as on the far-field effective strain. The predictions of void closure using the present model are compared with the corresponding results in the literature, showing good agreement. The model for void closure provides a novel way for process design and optimization in terms of elimination of voids in billets because the model for void closure can easily be applied in the CAE analysis.  相似文献   

11.
刘洋  石启印  高云  李爱群 《实验力学》2008,23(4):353-359
为了研究新型外包钢-砼T形截面组合梁在纯扭作用下的变形性能,设计了5根不同配箍率的的足尺悬臂组合梁。通过对5根悬臂梁的抗扭性能的实验研究,得到了组合梁的扭矩-扭率关系曲线。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对组合梁的抗扭性能进行了非线性有限元分析,得到了混凝土与外包钢在极限阶段的应力云图。根据实验以及有限元结果分析了组合梁在整个加载过程中扭转刚度的变化。基于现行砼结构设计规范,提出了组合梁从开裂到极限阶段抗扭刚度的计算公式,可供组合梁受扭设计参考。把有限元模型和公式的计算结果与实验结果进行比较,三者吻合较好。  相似文献   

12.
In this paper a constitutive model for rigid-plastic hardening materials based on the Hencky logarithmic strain tensor and its corotational rates is introduced. The distortional hardening is incorporated in the model using a distortional yield function. The flow rule of this model relates the corotational rate of the logarithmic strain to the difference of the Cauchy stress and the back stress tensors employing deformation-induced anisotropy tensor. Based on the Armstrong–Fredrick evolution equation the kinematic hardening constitutive equation of the proposed model expresses the corotational rate of the back stress tensor in terms of the same corotational rate of the logarithmic strain. Using logarithmic, Green–Naghdi and Jaumann corotational rates in the proposed constitutive model, the Cauchy and back stress tensors as well as subsequent yield surfaces are determined for rigid-plastic kinematic, isotropic and distortional hardening materials in the simple shear deformation. The ability of the model to properly represent the sign and magnitude of the normal stress in the simple shear deformation as well as the flattening of yield surface at the loading point and its orientation towards the loading direction are investigated. It is shown that among the different cases of using corotational rates and plastic deformation parameters in the constitutive equations, the results of the model based on the logarithmic rate and accumulated logarithmic strain are in good agreement with anticipated response of the simple shear deformation.  相似文献   

13.
对砂岩进行高围压高水压条件下的三轴压缩蠕变试验。试验表明,在整个加载过程中,孔隙水压力主要起到增强轴向变形和横向变形的作用;但在加载的初始阶段,孔隙水压力在一定程度上抑制了轴向变形。当应力水平高于屈服应力时,横向蠕变速率明显大于轴向蠕变速率,且横向蠕变率先进入加速蠕变阶段。本文提出一个新的非线性黏性元件,并引入一个能判断是否进入加速蠕变阶段的计时器元件,组建一个非线性黏塑性加速蠕变启动模型,将该黏塑性模型与Burgers模型串联,构建一个新的非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型,推导了该模型在常规三轴应力状态下的本构方程。基于试验结果,通过对非线性优化算法(BFGS)的Matlab编程,实现对本文提出蠕变模型的参数识别,识别效果比较理想。对比试验曲线与拟合曲线,二者相当吻合,验证了新提出的非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型的正确性。  相似文献   

14.
复杂加载下混凝土的弹塑性本构模型   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
万征  姚仰平  孟达 《力学学报》2016,48(5):1159-1171
混凝土材料在不同应力路径下或复杂加载条件下会表现出差异性显著的应力应变关系,在小幅循环加载条件下,其应力应变关系会表现出类似于弹性变形的滞回曲线.在不同应力水平下,混凝土的应力应变关系以及破坏特性都具有静水压力相关特点,即随着静水压力增大,各向异性强度特性弱化.此外,混凝土受压及受拉破坏机理不同,因而对应于混凝土硬化损伤亦有不同,即可分为受压硬化损伤,受拉硬化损伤及两者的混合硬化损伤类型.基于Hsieh模型,对该模型进行了三点改进.(1)针对小幅循环加载下混凝土无塑性变形的试验规律,而模型中在应力水平较低的循环加载条件下始终存在塑性变形的预测问题,采用在边界面模型框架下,设置了应力空间的弹性域,初始屈服面与后续临界状态屈服面几何相似的假定.(2)基于广义非线性强度准则将原模型采用变换应力方法将其推广为三维弹塑性本构模型,采用变换后模型可合理的考虑不同应力路径对于子午面以及偏平面上静水压力效应形成的影响,并避免了边界面应力点奇异问题.(3)分别对拉压两种加载损伤模式建议了相应的硬化参数表达式,可分别用于描述上述加载中产生的应变软化及强度退化行为.基于多种加载路径模拟表明:所建立的三维弹塑性本构模型可合理地用于描述混凝土的一般应力应变关系特性.  相似文献   

15.
A lattice structure deformation mechanism based theoretical model is developed to predict the dynamic response of square lattice sandwich plates under impulsive loading. The analytical model is established on the basis of the three-stage framework proposed by Fleck and Deshpande (2004). In the first stage, the impulse transmitted from air shock loading to the sandwich plates by fluid-structure interaction is analytically calculated. The lattice core suffers non-uniform compression in the second stage due to the clamped boundary conditions. The structure deformation mechanism is introduced in the lattice core compression and the analytical nominal stress–strain curve of core compression accords well with previous experimental results. In the final stage, the sandwich plate is analyzed as a continuum plate with non-uniform thickness deduced by inconsistent deformation of the front and back sheets.The experiment results of square metallic sandwich plates with tetrahedral lattice core are presented and compared with analytical prediction to validate the theoretical model. Good agreements are found between the predicted and testing results for both the impulse transmitted to the sandwich plates and the maximum deflection of the back face sheet.  相似文献   

16.
受拉钢筋混凝土构件破坏过程的数值模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用三维材料破坏过程分析MFPA3D系统,对钢筋混凝土构件轴心受拉条件下的受力、变形与内部裂纹萌生、扩展及最终破坏全过程进行了数值试验研究。数值模型中引入统计分布函数反映了混凝土的非均匀性影响,并采用具有残余强度的弹性损伤本构模型及其破坏单元材料性质退化方法,利用位移加载方式对钢筋混凝土构件实施拉伸加载。通过对钢筋、素混凝土方形体以及钢筋混凝土方形柱体构件在拉伸作用下破坏过程的数值试验,分析了钢筋与混凝土两种材料之间的相互作用、约束机理和破坏机理。数值试验成果对于深入了解钢筋和混凝土的联合受力规律和钢筋在开裂前后对整体钢筋混凝土结构的作用机制有参考价值。  相似文献   

17.
郑金城  雷敏  彭刚  王乾峰 《实验力学》2013,28(6):732-740
利用三峡大学自行研制的大型多功能三轴材料试验机,完成了4种侧应力等级和3个数量级加载速率的C30混凝土立方体试件双向受压试验,系统地探讨了不同侧应力和不同加载速率下混凝土的强度特性及变形特性。研究表明,侧应力和应变速率都能提高混凝土的应变峰值,但侧应力对混凝土的应变峰值的影响较应变速率的影响大;随着侧应力的增加,混凝土的率敏感性逐渐降低;在有侧应力的情况下,随应变速率的增加,混凝土弹性模量变化逐渐减小;随应变速率的增加,应力应变曲线上升段更加陡峭,曲线更加饱满,混凝土剩余强度越来越高;双轴受压情况下,混凝土的应力应变曲线下降段趋势比无侧应力状态下较平缓,随侧应力的增加下降段曲线越来越平缓,混凝土的应力应变曲线更加饱满,峰值点无明显尖峰出现,混凝土剩余强度越来越高。  相似文献   

18.
This paper presents a generic modelling for the time-dependent analysis of composite steel–concrete beams with partial shear interaction that occurs due to the deformation of the shear connection. The time effects considered in this modelling are those that arise from shrinkage and creep deformations of the concrete slab, and these effects are modelled using algebraic representations such as those of the age-adjusted effective modulus method (AEMM) and the mean stress method (MS), which are viscoelastic models for concrete deformation that can be stated algebraically. The generic model lends itself to closed form solutions for the analysis of composite beams subjected to a generic applied loading under a variety of end conditions. In this paper, the generic model is applied for the time-dependent analysis of composite beams that are simply supported and encastré, and to a propped cantilever, that are subjected to uniformly distributed loading and shrinkage deformations. Various representations of the structural behaviour of these beams are given in closed form which can also be used to benchmark available modelling techniques, i.e. finite element and finite difference formulations, which require a spatial discretisation to be specified as well as the time discretisation to perform a time analysis.  相似文献   

19.
利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,首先采用其中三维实体单元SOLID65建立了T形短肢剪力墙有限元分析模型,从弹性到混凝土开裂直至破坏的全过程进行了仿真试验分析。分析了影响短肢剪力墙受力的几种因素:混凝土强度等级、配筋率、轴压比、墙肢截面高厚比对短肢剪力墙承载能力、变形能力及延性的影响,剖析了短肢剪力墙破坏过程及其原因。比较真实的反映了短肢剪力墙在轴压力和逐步加载侧向力共同作用下的响应。试验结果表明:增加混凝土等级和轴压比能提高试件的开裂、屈服和极限荷载,但应综合考虑其与变形能力、延性的关系。截面配筋率具有其特殊性,配筋率在1.4%1.6%之间时试件的承载能力、变形能力及延性较好。墙肢截面高厚比是不稳定因素但在高厚比为6.57.1时,延性及变形能力较强。  相似文献   

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