焊趾表面裂纹的形态发展曲线与疲劳寿命预测

以作者建立的焊地椭圆表面裂纹应力强度因子数据库以及复杂应力场中焊践半随圆表面裂纹前缘应力强度因子分布计算的基本模式法为基础上,给出了复杂应力场中焊践表面表纹在疲劳扩展过程中形态变化规律及寿命的工程分析方法。     

给定寿命下的焊趾疲劳裂纹深度尺寸分析

本文提供并用统计方法研究了焊趾疲劳裂纹扩展的Ｎ～α曲线族，给出了联系给定裂纹尺寸下的疲劳分布，给定疲劳寿命下的裂纹尺寸分布以及随机初始条件的概率相容条件。研究表明，给定寿命下的焊趾疲劳裂纹深度尺寸α服从分布Ф［（μ（ａ）－ｌｏｇＮ）／σ（ａ）］。     

脆性岩石断裂破坏机理的边界配位法分析

针对裂纹表面承受载荷时的应力条件，提出了新的应力函数，该应力函数对于各种裂纹模型、各种边界条件、各种边界形状、裂纹表面自由或承受均布载荷等均适用．并利用边界配位法，计算了在压缩载荷下，岩石内部裂纹的应力强度因子（ＳＩＦ），给出了关于岩石断裂破坏的一些新结论     

裂纹表面承受均布载荷时的应力强度因子及裂纹张开位移的边界配位法

本文针对裂纹表面承受载荷时的应力条件，提出了新的应力函数，对于各种裂纹模型、各种边界条件、各种边界形状、裂纹表面自由或承受均布载荷等均适用。并利用边界配位法，计算了裂纹表面承受均布载荷时的方型板内中心裂纹的应力强度因子（ＳＩＦ）及裂纹的张开位移（ＣＯＤ）。     

界面端附近裂纹的应力强度因子

结合材料的断裂形式可分为从界面端产生裂纹（沿界面或向母材内部层折）然后断裂与稍稍离开界面端处产生裂纹然后断裂这两种情况，在金属／陶瓷类结合材料中，后者出现的概率更大，本文利用结合材料界面端的奇异应力场和叠加原理，给出了界面端附近裂纹的应力强度因子近似计算公式，并用边界元数值计算验证了其有效性。     

管节点表面裂纹应力强度因子的研究

本文分析了Ｔ、Ｋ、Ｙ型管节点应力分布特征，在三维光弹试验结果验证的基础上，提出了适用于断裂力学方法应用的Ｔ、Ｋ、Ｙ型管节点的应力强度因子（ＳＩＦ）表达式。     

残余应力对压力容器破坏模式的影响分析

破前漏(简称LBB)是压力容器、核电站设备结构设计与评价中的一个重要准则.表面裂纹准静态扩展的几何形貌变化规律的预测是破前漏(LBB)评判十分重要的课题之一.本文对特定焊接残余应力场加载作用下,含三维表面裂纹的压力容器模型,用有限元软件(ABAQUS)进行了表面裂纹准静态扩展模拟计算,得到在此残余应力场作用下应力强度因子沿裂纹前缘的分布规律.结合外载引起的应力强度因子,就可以判别裂纹的扩展形貌,从而判断结构是否满足LBB要求.     

The Eccentric Effect of a Coasial Viscometer

ＴＨＥＥＣＣＥＮＴＲＩＣＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＣＯＡＸＩＡＬＶＩＳＣＯＭＥＴＥＲ＊／／ＧｕｏＺｈｉ－ｒｏｎｇ（郭志荣）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ．ＬｕｎｇｆａｎｇＮｏｒｍａｌＣｏｌｌｅｇｅ．ｆｏｒ，ＰｒｏｆｅｓｓｉｏｎａｌＴｒａｉｎｉｎｇ．...     

ROBUST CONTROL VIA STATE FEEDBACK FOR A CLASS OF UNCERTAIN BILINEAR SYSTEMS

ＲＯＢＵＳＴＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＶＩＡＳＴＡＴＥＦＥＥＤＢＡＣＫＦＯＲＡＣＬＡＳＳＯＦＵＮＣＥＲＴＡＩＮＢＩＬＩＮＥＡＲＳＹＳＴＥＭＳ￥ＣｈｅｎＳｏｎｇｌｉｎ（陈松林）；ＺｈｕＺｕｃｈｉ（朱祖慈）（ＥａｓｔＣｈｉｎａＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＭｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇ...     

2—D问题条形传递函数方法与有限元法的分区耦合

将条形传递函数法（ＳＤＴＦＭ）和有限元法（ＦＥＭ）结合起来,给出了一种求解弹性２－Ｄ问题的新方法。该方法通过把二维解区域解成多个子区域,利用ＳＤＴＦＭ建立矩形子区域（超级单元）基于边界点的刚度矩阵和结点力矢量,而对于其它几何形状的子区域则有限元法建立刚度矩阵和结些点力矢量,从而将ＳＤＴＦＭ推广到任意几何形状的平面区域,克服了ＳＤＴＦＭ只能用于规则几何平面区域的不足,与单纯用有限元法求解相比较,本文     

Preface: Current research progress on mechanics of high speed rail

The construction and operation of high-speed rail（HSR）grid within the past two decades in China,in terms of the scale,may be possibly comparable to any national-wide construction in the history of China,even the Great Wall.By counting railways with commercial train service at the speed of200 km/h,China has the world’s longest HSR network with over 19 369.8 km of track in service today and this number     

ACTA MECHANICA SINICA 2014 ANNUAL SUBJECT INDEX

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人造地震动合成中的位移误差分析

三角函数级数法是合成人工地震动常用算法之一,但是通过对加速度积分求取位移时,却存在与零线漂移相类似的位移漂移现象。     

Rainwater rivulets on a cable subject to windFilets d'eau de pluie sur un câble soumis au vent

Rainwater rivulets appear on inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges when wind and rain occur simultaneously. In a restricted range of parameters this is known to cause vibrations of high amplitudes on the cable. The mechanism underlying this effect is still under debate but the role of rainwater rivulets is certain. We use a standard lubrication model to analyse the dynamics of a water film on a cylinder under the effect of gravity and wind load. A simple criterion is then proposed for the appearance and position of rivulets, where the Froude number is the control parameter. Experiments with several geometries of cylinder covered with water in a wind tunnel show the evolution of the rivulets with the Froude number. Comparison of the prediction by the model with these experimental data shows that the main mechanism of rivulet formation and positioning is captured. To cite this article: C. Lemaitre et al., C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Hermitian space-time finite elements for estuarine mass transport

Space-time finite element solutions of the convection–dispersion equation using higher-order nodal continuity and Hermitian polynomial shape functions are described. Five separate elements ranging from a complete linear element with C^0,0 nodal continuity to a complete first-order Hermitian element with C^1,1 nodal continuity are subjected to detailed analysis. Wave deformation analyses identify the source of leading or trailing edge oscillations, trailing edge oscillations being the major source of difficulty. These observations are confirmed by numerical experiments which further demonstrate the potential of higher-order nodal continuity. The performance of the complete first-order Hermitian element is quite satisfactory and measurably superior to the linear element.     

Cristallisation par onde acoustique : le cas de l'héliumCrystallization by acoustic waves: the case of helium

We establish a theoretical model to explain the nucleation of a crystal of helium by an acoustic over-pressure. We explain the interfacial laws for this ultra-fast cristallization, close to the sound speed. Assuming spherical symmetry and taking into account the experimental data, we recover the dynamics of the growth and melting during an over-pressure impulse. To cite this article: M. Ben Amar et al., C. R. Mecanique 331 (2003).     

Structure initiale et propriétés de liquéfaction statique d'un sableInitial structure and static liquefaction properties of sand.

Based on the use of two different preparation procedures for reconstituting triaxial samples of sand, i.e. wet tamping and dry pluviation, significant differences in associated mechanical behaviour are observed on a reference sand with respect to the phenomenon of ‘static’ liquefaction. Wet tamping favours the initiation of liquefaction instability, whereas dry pluviation favours a more stable behaviour, less susceptible to liquefaction. Microscopic observation of corresponding sand specimens allows us to identify two well differentiated structures, i.e., for wet tamping, an irregular structure with predominance of aggregates (aggregated grains) and macropores, very contractant and unstable and, for dry pluviation, a more regular structure, without macropores, more dilatant and more stable. These observations show the importance of further characterization, based on the introduction of appropriate parameters, of the initial structure of sandy materials, strongly dependant upon their mode of formation (natural or artificial). To cite this article: N. Benahmed et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).     

Sources of Complexity in Human Systems

Complex is a special attribute we can give to many kinds of systems. Although it is used often as a synonym of difficult, it has a specific epistemological meaning, which is going to be shared by the incoming science of complexity. Difficult is an object which, by means of an adequate computational power, can be deterministically or stochastically predictable. On the contrary complex is an object which can not be predictable because of logical impossibility or because its predictability would require a computational power far beyond any physical feasibility, now and forever. For complexity refers to some observing system, it is always subjective, and thus it is defined as observed irreducible complexity. Human systems are affected by several sources of complexity, belonging to three classes, in order of descending restrictivity. Systems belonging to the first class are not predictable at all, those belonging to the second class are predictable only through an infinite computational capacity, and those belonging to the third class are predictable only through a trans-computational capacity. The first class has two sources of complexity: logical complexity, directly deriving from self-reference and Gödel's incompleteness theorems, and relational complexity, resulting in a sort of indeterminacy principle occurring in social systems. The second class has three sources of complexity: gnosiological complexity, which consists of the variety of possible perceptions; semiotic complexity, which represents the infinite possible interpretations of signs and facts; and chaotic complexity, which characterizes phenomena of nonlinear dynamic systems. The third class coincides with computational complexity, which basically coincides with the mathematical concept of intractability. Artificial, natural, biological and human systems are characterized by the influence of different sources of complexity, and the latter appear to be the most complex.