冲击载荷下柔性储液罐动态响应数值模拟及规律分析

针对柔性材料大变形、非线性等特点,对柔性储液罐的冲击响应规律进行研究,依据实验结果,采用ALE有限元方法对冲击情况下柔性罐状储液容器及其中流体的动态响应进行了数值模拟.所得结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性.在此基础上,深入分析了空投高度、装水量等对柔性储液罐动态响应的影响规律.重点关注了表面一些关键部位的变形和应力变化情...     

储液容器内液体晃荡的非线性动力学分析

基于非线性波动理论模型,求解储液容器内液体晃动的固有频率、模态及动力学响应问题。流体使用u_s-u_p状态方程,利用ABAQUS软件的自适应网格技术,建立储液容器液体晃动数学模型,通过施加水平简谐激励得到液体晃动的固有频率和模态,并与解析解对比,验证了该方法的准确性与可行性。然后,分析了矩形储液容器在多种激励作用下液体非线性晃动响应特性。     

面向对象的土石坝参数随机反演程序设计

将储液容器流固耦合系统中的液体和容器分别视为理想可压缩流体和线弹 性固体，采用流体压力单元和固体壳单元对流固耦合系统进行有限元离散，得到一个非对称 的大型流固耦合有限元方程. 采用Arnoldi方法求解上面这个大型有限元方程的非对称特征 值问题，以得到储液容器的动力特性. 通过移频技术避免了处理零频问题，并构造了迭代格 式计算Arnoldi向量. 数值算例表明所用解法对于流固耦合系统都是非常有效的.     

贮液容器水动弹性分析的伽辽金有限元——自由界面模态综合方法

本文提出一种计算弹性容器——有自由面贮液流固耦合系统的固有振动模态和液体动压力、自由液面位移及容器弹性变形对地震等激励的响应的伽辽金有限元——自由界面模态综合方法,着重处理旋成贮液容器的水动弹性问题。该方法计及全部流固动力耦合效应,但显著压缩了计算规模,计算结果与试验符合得很好。当需要在多种贮液深度进行贮液容器的水动弹性分析时,本方法尤其经济有效。     

圆柱形储罐考虑桩土相互作用地震响应的简化分析

以Penzien集中质量模型为基础建立了某圆柱形锚固储罐考虑桩-土-罐相互作用及罐壁柔性的简化分析模型,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了该桩-土-罐力学模型,分析了其自振特性及在水平基岩波激励下的动力响应.分析结果得知,相比于刚性地基,考虑桩土相互作用的储液罐对流频率几乎不变,第一阶柔性脉动频率略有减小;在动力响应方面,储液罐基底剪力和力矩最大值略有减小,但其对流分量和刚性脉动分量最大值均有增大,所以本文建议在储液罐进行设计时应充分考虑桩土相互作用后储罐动力响应的有利和不利变化,从整体上把握来确保储液罐的抗震安全性.     

基于双向流固耦合的超空泡射弹入水研究

超空泡射弹通过超空泡减阻技术在水下高速长距离航行, 是对抗水下近距离威胁的有效手段. 为了扩大防御范围、增加杀伤力, 超空泡射弹具有很高的发射速度. 高速超空泡射弹在入水时中受到极大的冲击载荷, 发生显著的结构变形, 结构变形与流场之间存在相互影响和作用, 常规的基于刚体假设的仿真研究方法不再适用. 为了研究高速超空泡射弹入水过程中的结构变形及其对流体动力特性的影响, 通过耦合流体力学求解器和结构动力学求解器, 建立了射弹高速入水双向流固耦合仿真模型, 并通过与文献中的试验结果进行对比验证了该模型空泡形态计算方法和耦合方法的准确性. 使用双向流固耦合的方法对高速射弹在不同初始攻角入水过程中的超空泡流动特性及结构变形特性进行了数值模拟研究, 通过对比流固耦合模型与刚体模型的计算结果, 得到了超空泡射弹的结构弯曲变形对流体动力载荷的影响. 研究结果表明: 高速射弹入水过程中流固耦合效应对超空泡流型及流体动力载荷的计算结果有显著影响; 本文所研究的射弹在考虑流固耦合效应, 带攻角垂直入水两倍弹长的范围内, 超空泡射弹的流体动力载荷与弯曲变形之间形成正反馈; 高速超空泡射弹在入水过程中受到的流体动力载荷及弹体应力应变随入水初始攻角的增加显著增大, 研究对象在初速1400m/s的条件下入水时, 当初始攻角不超过2°时不存在结构安全性问题.      

回转体高速倾斜入水的流场特性及结构响应

回转体高速入水过程涉及液体和固体的耦合作用，是一个复杂的非线性、非定常过程。为研究回转体高速入水的结构动响应及流场演变规律，本文中基于STAR-CCM+和ABAQUS平台，建立了回转体高速入水的双向流固耦合数值模型，开展了不同入水速度的回转体高速倾斜入水流固耦合数值计算。结果表明:数值计算的入水速度、位移曲线和空泡形态与实验结果良好吻合，验证了流固耦合方法的有效性；回转体倾斜高速入水的载荷先集中在触水部分边缘处，后集中于回转体底部中心处；流固耦合方法的入水冲击载荷峰值小于刚体的，弹性回转体的载荷曲线产生明显波动；撞水阶段，回转体空泡呈现不对称形态，随着入水加深，空泡不对称性变弱；入水速度60 m/s下，空泡发生表面闭合，回转体入水初速度越快，空泡表面闭合越晚；冲击载荷与入水速度有关，入水速度越大，峰值出现越早，震荡越明显，速度超过100 m/s时，回转体产生塑性形变。     

基于ALE算法的V形楔形体入水的水动力特性分析

结构入水问题是一种复杂的流固耦合过程,涉及到固体力学、流体力学、冲击动力学和计算力学等相关力学分支的交叉与融合.论文基于非线性显式动力分析方法,采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉算法(水域采用欧拉描述,固体结构采用拉格朗日描述),并用罚函数方法控制结构与流体之间的耦合作用,对二维V形楔形体垂直入水的初期过程进行了数值仿真.通过数值仿真,分析了楔形体底部压力分布情况,讨论了网格密度、接触刚度以及阻尼系数对数值计算结果的影响,并将数值结果与Wagner理论解进行了对比分析,验证了ALE方法的可靠性.     

无人机入水发射流场仿真及冲击特性分析

跨介质航行是近年来无人机应用领域的重要研究内容。本文通过数值模拟方法，对某型号飞翼式无人机在不同工况下发射入水过程流场演变及运动姿态进行对比分析，同时对其入水冲击响应进行了数值仿真研究，得到不同发射工况下无人机的入水冲击载荷响应情况。结果表明：该型号无人机入水过程的姿态变化同时受水面条件及发射工况影响，静水工况下以25°入水角、4 m/s的条件发射无人机入水时，可实现最优的姿态恢复时间及入水冲击载荷响应值。     

入水问题的Euler-Lagrange流固耦合数值模以技术研究

针对结构入水过程的特点,建立了一种把Eulerian计算过程和Lagrangian计算过程耦合起来的数值技术,编写了计算程序,把结构对水作用的过程和结构动力学响应过程的计算结合起来,实现了结构与水之间流固耦合作用过程的模拟.其中水、空气的运动利用Eulerian过程的流体弹塑性有限差分计算程序进行模拟,结构的运动变形利用Lagrangian过程的结构动力学有限元计算程序模拟结构响应.通过板入水问题的计算结果与商业软件计算结果进行比较,验证了计算方法对流固间相互作用处理的正确性.本文计算程序可用于一般入水问题的结构响应-流场运动分析中.     

Free vibration of an elastic bottom plate of a partially fluid-filled cylindrical container with an internal body

An analytical method is developed to consider the free vibration of an elastic bottom plate of a partially fluid-filled cylindrical rigid container with an internal body. The internal body is a rigid cylindrical block that is concentrically and partially submerged inside the container. The developed method captured the analytical features of the velocity potential in a non-convex, continuous, and simply connected fluid domain including the interaction between the fluid and the structure. The interaction between the fluid and the bottom plate is included. The Galerkin method is used for matching the velocity potentials appropriate to two distinct fluid regions across the common horizontal boundary (artificial horizontal boundary). Then, the Rayleigh–Ritz method is also used to calculate the natural frequencies and modes of the bottom plate of the container. The results obtained for the problem without internal body are in close agreement with both experimental and numerical results available in the articles. A finite element analysis is also used to check the validity of the present method in the presence of the internal body. Furthermore, the influences of various variables such as fluid level, internal body radius, internal body length, and the number of nodal diameters and circles on the dynamic behaviour of the coupled system are investigated.     

Transient analysis of dam–reservoir interaction including the reservoir bottom effects

In this paper, time-domain transient analysis of elastic dam–reservoir interaction including the reservoir bottom effects is presented by coupling the finite element method in the infinite fluid domain and in the solid domain. An efficient coupling procedure is formulated by a substructuring method. Sommerfeld's boundary condition for the far end of the infinite domain is implemented. To verify the proposed scheme, numerical examples are given to compare with available exact solutions for rigid and elastic dam cases. Finally, a numerical example is studied to evaluate the effects of the reservoir bottom.     

Live monitoring of the distributed strain field in impulsive events through fiber Bragg gratings

In this paper, we propose a measurement technique based on local strain measurements to perform real-time reconstruction of the overall structural deformation and the distributed stress field produced by the impact of a body on a water free surface. In particular, we seek establishing a measurement chain capable of acquiring and elaborating the signals at high frequency, so that it can be utilized to study rapidly varying strain fields, such as those occurring in impulsive events. Fiber Bragg gratings are utilized to sense the local structural deformation. Experiments are conducted on flexible plastic wedges with variable deadrise angles impacting on a quiescent fluid surface. The experimental tests are performed in free fall and we explore variations of the entry velocity by varying the drop height. The structural deformation is reconstructed from point-wise strain measurements utilizing a modal reconstruction methodology. The impact dynamics are analysed through accelerometers and linear position sensors. Results show that the impact behaviour of the flexible body is characterized by a main overall deformation where the structure is distorted in the direction of the loading, whereby marked vibrations, whose amplitude increase with the entry velocity, dominate the dynamic response. The influence of the mode shapes considered in the present analysis on the accuracy of the results is also observed. The proposed methodology allows for a fairly high acquisition frequency, which translates into a real-time structural reconstruction technique. Results show that the proposed methodology can be a valuable tool for the live monitoring of structures undergoing impact events.     

Superquadric DEM-SPH coupling method for interaction between non-spherical granular materials and fluids

The research on the coupling method of non-spherical granular materials and fluids aims to predict the particle–fluid interaction in this study. A coupling method based on superquadric elements is developed to describe the interaction between non-spherical solid particles and fluids. The discrete element method (DEM) and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) are adopted to simulate granular materials and fluids. The repulsive force model is adopted to calculate the coupling force and then a contact detection method is established for the interaction between the superquadric element and the fluid particle. The contact detection method captures the shape of superquadric element and calculates the distance from the fluid particle to the surface of superquadric element. Simulation cases focusing on the coupling force model, energy transfer, and large-scale calculations have been implemented to verify the validity of the proposed coupling method. The coupling force model accurately represents the water entry process of a spherical solid particle, and reasonably reflects the difference of solid particles with different shapes. In the water entry process of multiple solid particles, the total energy of the water entry process of multiple solid particles tends to be stable. The collapse process of the partially submerged granular column is simulated and analyzed under different parameters. Therefore, this coupling method is suitable to simulate fluid–particle systems containing solid particles with multiple shapes.     

扩张尾裙对跨介质航行器高速入水转平弹道特性影响

扩张尾裙是影响跨介质航行器高速入水转平弹道及其稳定性的关键因素.采用流体体积多相流模型和动网格技术,建立了跨介质超空泡航行器高速入水多相流场弹道耦合计算方法,并通过试验验证了计算方法的准确性和适用性.通过对跨介质航行器高速入水转平过程进行数值模拟研究,获得尾裙外形对航行器入水转平过程中空泡发展形态、流体动力特性与弹道特性的影响,并分析尾裙扩张角度对高速入水转平弹道的影响规律.结果表明:不同预置舵角下的无尾裙外形航行器在入水转平过程中,攻角持续增大,最终导致弹道发散,带尾裙外形航行器在入水后尾裙沾湿形成了恢复力矩,获得了稳定的入水转平弹道;设计的1.5°, 6°, 8°尾裙角度的航行器形成了稳定滑水、单侧尾拍以及双侧尾拍3种弹道特征,且均能实现稳定高速入水转平弹道;稳定滑水弹道原理为预置舵角与尾裙滑水耦合作用下达到的动态平衡,该弹道综合阻力系数最小,转弯效率最高,动载荷最小,是跨介质航行器高速入水的理想弹道转平形式.     

裂缝性低渗透油藏流-固耦合理论与数值模拟

根据裂缝性低渗油藏的储层特征,建立适合裂缝性砂岩油藏渗流的等效连续介质模型。将渗流力学与弹塑性力学相结合,建立裂缝性低渗透油藏的流-固耦合渗流数学模型,并给出其数值解.通过数值模拟对一实际井网开发过程中孔隙度、渗透率的变化以及开发指标进行计算,并和刚性模型以及双重介质模型的计算结果进行了分析比较.     

Three-dimensional water entry of a solid body: A computational study

Marine vessels are continuously subject to impulsive loading from impact on the water surface. Understanding and quantifying the hydrodynamics generated by the three-dimensional (3D) water impact of a solid body is central to the design of resilient and performing vessels. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) constitutes a viable tool for the study of water entry problems, which may overcome some of the drawbacks associated with semi-analytical and experimental methods. Here, we present a new computational study of the 3D water entry of a solid body with multiple curvatures. The method of finite volume is utilized to discretize incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in both air and water, and the method of volume of fluid is employed to describe the resulting free-surface multiphase flow. Computational results are validated against available experimental findings obtained using particle image velocimetry in terms of both the flow kinetics and kinematics. Specifically, we demonstrate the accuracy of our CFD solution in predicting the overall force experienced by the hull, the pile-up phenomenon, the velocity field in the water, the distribution of the hydrodynamic loading, and the energy transfer during the impact. Our approach is expected to aid in the validation of new semi-analytical solutions and to offer a viable means for conducting parametric studies and design optimization on marine vessels.