共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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风力机气动力学一直是国内外研究的热点课题之一.目前相关研究大都是基于确定性工况条件,但因风力机常年工作在自然来流复杂环境,风速随机波动致使风电系统呈现不确定性,对电网稳定性带来巨大挑战,因此进行不确定风速条件下风力机气动力学研究具有重要意义.为揭示不确定性对风力机流场影响机理并明确其对气动力的影响程度,本文提出一种风力机不确定空气动力学分析方法,基于修正叶素动量理论和非嵌入式概率配置点法,建立水平轴风力机不确定性空气动力学响应模型;以NREL Phase VI S809风力机叶轮为研究对象,基于该模型提取风力机输出随机响应信息,量化不确定风速对风力机风轮功率、推力、叶片挥舞弯矩和摆振弯矩的影响程度;通过分析流动诱导因子不确定性在叶片展长方向上的分布规律,揭示不确定因素在风力机本体上的传播机制,为风电系统设计及应用提供理论依据和重要参考.结果表明,风速波动对风力机功率和气动力影响显著,高斯风速标准差由0.05倍增大至0.15倍均值,功率和推力最大波动幅度分别由13.44%和8.00%增大至35.11%和22.02%,叶片挥舞弯矩和摆振弯矩最大波动幅度分别由7.20%和12.84%增大至1... 相似文献
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风力机气动力学一直是国内外研究的热点课题之一.目前相关研究大都是基于确定性工况条件,但因风力机常年工作在自然来流复杂环境,风速随机波动致使风电系统呈现不确定性,对电网稳定性带来巨大挑战,因此进行不确定风速条件下风力机气动力学研究具有重要意义.为揭示不确定性对风力机流场影响机理并明确其对气动力的影响程度,本文提出一种风力机不确定空气动力学分析方法,基于修正叶素动量理论和非嵌入式概率配置点法,建立水平轴风力机不确定性空气动力学响应模型;以NREL Phase VI S809风力机叶轮为研究对象,基于该模型提取风力机输出随机响应信息,量化不确定风速对风力机风轮功率、推力、叶片挥舞弯矩和摆振弯矩的影响程度;通过分析流动诱导因子不确定性在叶片展长方向上的分布规律,揭示不确定因素在风力机本体上的传播机制,为风电系统设计及应用提供理论依据和重要参考.结果表明,风速波动对风力机功率和气动力影响显著,高斯风速标准差由0.05倍增大至0.15倍均值,功率和推力最大波动幅度分别由13.44%和8.00%增大至35.11%和22.02%,叶片挥舞弯矩和摆振弯矩最大波动幅度分别由7.20%和12.84%增大至19.90%和33.49%.来流风速不确定性导致叶片根部位置气流明显波动,可以考虑在该部分采取流动控制措施降低叶片对风速不确定性的敏感程度. 相似文献
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海上浮式风机为蕴藏丰富的深海风能开发提供了有效的解决方案,浮式基础存在的大幅度纵荡、纵摇和艏摇运动可以改变风轮与流场间的相互作用,从而影响风力机的气动特性。基于叶素-动量理论及其修正方法,以NREL 5MW风力机为研究对象,考虑浮式基础运动对叶片不同径向位置处相对入流风速的影响,提出了风载荷的计算模型,通过编程计算获得了叶轮转矩和风力机功率,并比较了不同运动形式对风力机功率波动的影响。结果表明,纵摇对其功率特性影响最大,这为海上浮式风机的优化设计提供理论依据与数据基础。 相似文献
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在复杂工况下,大型风力机非定常特性会更严重,导致风力机气动性能变化和尾迹预测更加复杂。本文主要针对稳态偏航、动态偏航、风剪切和随机风速场等复杂工况,基于自由涡尾迹方法,嵌入复杂工况的模块,加入了动态失速模型和三维旋转效应模型修正,实现了复杂工况数值模拟计算,比较了不同复杂工况的气动载荷和尾迹形状。最后,得出了风力机在复杂工况下的气动性能、载荷和尾迹叶尖涡线特性,并计算出风力机在复杂工况下的气动载荷超调量和迟滞时间。对推进自由涡尾迹方法应用于风力机工程的大批工况载荷计算,提高大型风力机的载荷计算精度和设计水平等具有重要意义。 相似文献
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提出了将智能材料粘贴在叶片表面或嵌入叶片内部形成新结构的概念。本文将智能材料作为传感器和作动器,通过机电耦合抑制叶片的振动;利用有限元软件 Algor 分析在气动力作用下叶片的应力、应变;基于压电陶瓷第一压电方程,将风电叶片简化成柔性悬臂梁,建立了压电智能悬臂梁状态空间的动力学模型;针对此系统利用最优控制理论进行主动振动控制,设计了在系统低阶模态空间的振动控制器。最后通过计算机仿真得出:系统振动幅度缩小了约20%,振动时间减少了约80%,从而说明了此主动振动控制方法的有效性和可行性,对防止叶片这一弹性体发生颤振也起到一定的作用。 相似文献
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利用CFD软件对麦克马斯特大学垂直轴风力机进行不同叶尖速比下的数值模拟,计算结果与风洞试验数据吻合良好。近场尾流中,与单叶片的风力机模拟结果比较,上游叶片产生并向下游延伸的旋涡影响下游运行轨道上叶片的升阻力特性,不仅使叶片扭矩输出峰值降低,而且峰值产生的时间延迟。对垂直轴风力机叶片叶梢进行修改,模拟结果显示,叶片扭矩输出峰值不变,但是谷值有所降低,修改后风力机沿风向推力幅值降低明显;远场尾流中,采用风速轮廓线原理,以瑞典的法尔肯贝里市200kW垂直轴风力机为原型,按照真实的空间排布进行数值模拟。模拟结果显示,上游风力机上下两端处产生较为集中的远场尾流,影响下游风力机叶片下半段的气动性能,下游风力机功率输出降低明显。 相似文献
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当前风电技术大型化发展, 叶片气弹失稳问题特别是特殊工况下的稳定性问题成为国内外各界关注的热点和难点. 湍流风况下顺桨风电叶片气弹稳定性直接影响风电机组的安全可靠性. 气动阻尼是叶片稳定性判断的重要指标. 为探究湍流风况顺桨风电叶片气弹失稳特性规律, 以NERL 5 MW风力机叶片为研究对象, 基于修正叶素动量理论、欧拉−伯努利梁模型和气动阻尼计算方法, 建立顺桨叶片气动阻尼计算模型, 采用Kaimal湍流风模型进行瞬态分析, 获得风况参数对风力机叶片气动稳定性的影响规律及叶片的气动失稳概率, 为大型风力机叶片气弹稳定性设计与控制提供参考. 结果表明: 顺桨叶片气动阻尼在全周风向上呈180°周期特性, 且25°风向为相对危险工况; 风速越大气动阻尼负值越显著, 气动不稳定风向范围越大, 失稳概率越大; 湍流强度增加, 一阶挥舞气动阻尼下限降低幅度明显, 气动不稳概率增加; 湍流风况下顺桨叶片平面外方向的失稳概率较平面内方向更大, 且两个方向失稳概率曲线呈相似周期性规律. 相似文献
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With the increasing size of wind turbines, the inflow conditions are also becoming more and more complex, and the rotor speed and blade-pitch angle are unknown under complex inflow conditions, so in order to avoid establishing an equivalent wind speed model, the control system was coupled to the blade element momentum theory (BEMT) to establish an aerodynamic model. In addition, due to the increasing flexibility of blades, a structural model of blades that can solve any section shape and any material properties was established based on the geometrically exact beam theory. Finally, the aerodynamic model and the structural model were coupled to establish the aeroelastic model and implemented by C++. The model was applied to engineering calculations, and the aerodynamic characteristics of wind rotors and the dynamic response of blades under different low-level jets (LLJ) were calculated and analyzed. The results show that when the control system is coupled to the BEMT, part of the power error is transferred to the rotor speed for below-rated wind speeds, and all the power error is transferred to blade-pitch angle for the above-rated wind speeds. The structural model can accurately calculate the static, dynamic displacement and natural frequency of the blades. When the LLJ height is different, the control system weakens the influence of strong shear wind on the average aerodynamic force on the sweeping surface of the wind rotor, but the amplitude of aerodynamic force is still greatly affected by the LLJ height. When the aerodynamic force on the blade is similar, the law of structure dynamic response is the same, which is mainly affected by the natural frequency of the blade. Our work has important reference significance for calculating the aerodynamic characteristics of wind rotors and the dynamic response of blades. 相似文献
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To facilitate the large scale (multi-megawatt) wind turbine development in China, the foreign efforts and achievements in the area are reviewed and summarized. Not only the popular horizontal axis wind turbines on-land but also the offshore wind turbines, vertical axis wind turbines, airborne wind turbines, and shroud wind turbines are discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive comment and assessment about the basic work principle, economic aspects, and environmental impacts of turbines. 相似文献
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随着航空发动机领域的飞速发展,热端涡轮叶片服役环境越发恶劣.为了提高叶片的承温能力,行业内提出了双层壁叶片结构,其原理为\"外壁承温,内壁承载\".本文针对双层壁叶片气膜孔结构强度问题,采用参数化建模构建叶型及外壁孔结构,通过仿真分析确定孔型设计参数对圆柱型气膜孔、圆锥型扩张孔和簸箕型扩张孔的孔周结构强度的影响,最后根据参数输入及对应响应构建神经网络模型,通过遗传算法优化径向基函数(Radial Basis Function,RBF)神经网络的权值与阈值来提高代理模型的准确性.寻优获得三种不同结构的气膜孔最优孔型设计方案,相较于圆柱型孔,圆锥型扩张孔孔周应力降低了25.12%,簸箕型扩张孔孔周应力降低了 22.54%. 相似文献
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Lagwise dynamic characteristics of a wind turbine blade subjected to unsteady aero- dynamic loads are studied in this paper. The partial differential equations governing the coupled longitudinal-transverse vibration of the blade with large bending deflection are obtained by ap- plying Hamilton's principle. The modal problem of the coupled vibration is handled by using the method of numerical integration of Green's function. Influences of the rotating speed, the pitch angle, the setting angle, and the aerodynamic loads on natural frequencies are discussed. Results show that: (I) Lagwise natural frequencies ascend with the increase of rotating speed; effects of the rotating speed on low-frequencies are dramatic while these effects on high-frequencies become less. (2) Influences of the pitch angle on natural frequencies are little; in the range of the normal rotating speed, the first frequency ascends with the increase of the absolute value of the pitch angle, while it is contrary to the second and third frequencies. (3) Effects of the setting angle on natural frequencies depend on the rotating speed; influences are not significant at low speed, while they are dramatic on the first frequency at high speed. (4) Effects of the aerodynamic loads on natural frequencies are very little; frequencies derived from the model considering aerodynamic loads are smaller than those from the model neglecting aerodynamic loads; relative errors of the results corresponding to two models ascend with the increase of the absolute value of the setting angle. 相似文献
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With the background of offshore wind energy projects, this paper studies aerodynamic performance and geometric characteristics of large capacity wind turbine rotors (1 to 10 MW), and the main characteristic parameters such as the rated wind speed, blade tip speed, and rotor solidity. We show that the essential criterion of a high- performance wind turbine is a highest possible annual usable energy pattern factor and a smallest possible dimension, capturing the maximum wind energy and producing the maximum annual power. The influence of the above-mentioned three parameters on the pattern factor and rotor geometry of wind turbine operated in China's offshore meteoro- logical environment is investigated. The variation patterns of aerodynamic and geometric parameters are obtained, analyzed, and compared with each other. The present method for aerodynamic analysis and its results can form a basis for evaluating aerodynamic performance of large-scale offshore wind turbine rotors. 相似文献
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钱伟长 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》1990,11(5):403-412
In this paper, the general equations of equilibrium for axisymmetrical deformation including the torsional deformation of revolutional shells are derived. It is shown that the shearing stress distribution due to torsion is independent of other stress components including those of membrane stress and bending stress.In this paper, the torsional deformation is considered to be represented by membrane action only, and also by the combined action of bending membrane deformation. It is shown that the main contribution of torsional rigidity is that related to membrane action. 相似文献
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Abstract According to the three key elements in blade design process, i.e., aerodynamic design, structure design, and load prediction, the independent research and development (R&D) progress of blade design is summarized and analyzed. The calculational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the vortex method, and the blade element momentum method (BEM) are described. Based on the widely used BEM method, the solutions for the blade design in low-speed wind area are obtained. A brief overview of the traditional design and analysis methods based on beam models is given. The defects of these methods used for simulating the structure of large-scale composite blade are analyzed. The application progress of the finite element method (FEM) used in the blade structure analysis is shown. The effects of load prediction on the blades and entire wind turbine are introduced. The progress in load forecasting is described. With the analysis of the relationship among these three key elements, it is concluded that developing a blade optimization design system with coordinated aerodynamics, structure, and load will truly meet the requirement of high efficiency and low cost. The main directions for further study are pointed out, e.g., high efficiency and low load airfoils, structural nonlinear finite element analysis, aerodynamic structure coupling research, and establishing different design standards. The aim is to establish a blade R&D system suitable for the conditions of wind resources in China and promote the development of wind power in the country. 相似文献
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董明德 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》1985,6(5):417-430
New solutions are obtained for Novozhilov’s equation of toreidal shells having general slenderness ratio 0<a<1 (a=a/R). In contrast to the results by continued fractiontechnique, the exponents and expansion coefficients of our series solutions are all closed and explicit. The series satisfies shell equation identically. Convergence proof is also demonstrated.Explicit expressions for boundary effect and monodromy indices are also given. Finally, we discuss the possibility of applying the present method to solve the fundamental system of equations for elastic shells with rotational symmetry. 相似文献