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1.
结合动水压力模型和罚函数耦合算法,考虑地基和坝体结构的接触以及边界效应,构建动水压力和流固耦合作用下的库水-坝体-地基地震响应分析模型和方法。通过与试验结果及解析解和实测数据对比,验证了本文模型和方法能准确反映系统地震荷载和分析整体耦合系统的动力响应,引入罚函数处理流固耦合界面能提高计算收敛速度。进一步以某重力坝工程实际为背景,验证本文构建的模型和方法适用于库水-坝体-地基耦合系统动力分析的可行性,并分析了地震作用下地基变形对系统动力响应的影响。  相似文献   

2.
应用子结构理论,对设置伸缩横缝的小湾高拱坝结构,分别就正常高水位常遇低水位两种水位工况,考虑坝体伸缩横缝在地震交变荷载作用下反复开合引起的缝面问滑移.接触等效应的影响,坝体一库水的相互作用而产生的动水压力的影响,对坝体的抗震性能进行了地震反应分析。对伸缩缝问设置阻尼器这一新的设计思想进行了可行性的研究,论证推导了阻尼器的计算模型,探讨了阻尼器对坝体结构抗震性能的影响。  相似文献   

3.
采用三维非线性有限元技术,结合某沥青混凝土心墙坝工程,在静力分析的基础上对大坝的动力特性及抗震安全性进行动力反应分析,动力计算中坝体材料及沥青混凝土均采用等效非线性粘弹性模型,计算分析了坝体的加速度反应、动位移反应、大坝的地震永久变形、坝体单元的安全系数的分布规律。结果表明:大坝在地震作用下的动力反应发生了明显的变化;坝体顶部发生了较明显的永久变形,地震最大沉陷量为429mm,为坝高的0.42%;大坝的抗震安全系数基本均大于1,坝体的局部抗震安全性基本满足要求,因此坝体在设计地震作用下是满足稳定要求的。  相似文献   

4.
本文介绍了对我国西南某坝进行三维动力有限元分析的方法和成果,根据分析结果讨论了对坝体地震反应起主要作用的频率成份,坝体反应加速度分布,坝体动剪应变幅和动剪切模量以及阻尼分布的不均匀性等问题。指出对修建在窄深河谷中的高土石坝进行地震反应分析时,考虑三维影响是有必要的。  相似文献   

5.
本文采用Lagrange方法给出了具有倾斜承压面的刚性坝地震时所承受的动水压力。计算结果表明:对于垂直坝,本文结果精确符合Westergaard的结果;对于不同倾角的斜坝,本文结果较好地符合Zangrf和Haefeli的实验结果,本方法还适用于计算计及自由面波动影响的非线性动水压力,  相似文献   

6.
白冰  周健  段瑞明 《力学季刊》2002,23(2):282-287
淮南某电厂灰坝设计拟采用粉煤灰作为坝基排水垫层筑坝以节约资金。为研究其可行性,在已有的大量静力和动力特性试验研究基础上,对该灰坝在地震荷载作用下的动力反应进行研究。研究中以Biot波动方程为基础,考虑水土动力耦合作用和土体和非线性性质,引入地震孔隙水压力和残余变形项,把动力分析与动力渗流、液化发展及骨架变形加以综合考虑。研究表明,7°地震烈度条件下用本文配制的粉煤灰代替砂作为排水垫层筑坝是可行的。  相似文献   

7.
基于多孔连续介质模型,从理论上探讨了作用在地基上的水荷载作为渗流体荷载时引起混凝土重力坝的位移,导出了均质各向同性地基在渗流体荷载作用下的应力解答和位移解答.通过理论分析得到:(1)由于渗流体荷载引起上游地基下沉,下游地基上抬,从而使地基转动,导致坝体向上游位移.(2)作用在地基上的水荷载按面荷载分析的位移大于按渗流体荷载分析的位移,但它们都引起坝体向上游位移.  相似文献   

8.
高拱坝伸缩横缝间布设抗震钢筋的动力反应分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
应用动力非线性子结构理论,对设置伸缩横缝的小湾高拱坝实际工程结构抗震分析中的坝体横缝加抗震钢筋问题进行了研究。讨论并建立了坝体伸缩横缝在地震荷载作用下穿越缝间抗震钢筋的数学模型,给出了动力非线性子结构法考虑缝间抗震钢筋影响的求解公式;并就正常高水位常与低水位两种水位工况,对坝体的抗震性能进行了计算分析。讨论了在地震荷载作用下抗震钢筋对坝体横缝张开度、坝体应力以及加速度响应的影响。  相似文献   

9.
根据辽西地区的地震资料和波速测试资料,通过动三轴试验,进行了地震冲击荷载和列车振动荷载两种动荷载作用下辽西风积土地基的动力特性试验研究。研究结果表明,风积土的动强度、动变形和动模量等指标与荷载类型、持续时间、振动频率和动应力幅值等条件有关。在地震荷载作用下,动荷载频率和动应力幅值越大、震动持续时间越长,其产生的动应变越大;在高速列车振动荷载作用下,土的动强度和动抗剪强度随振动次数的增加而降低;固结比相同时,动弹性模量Ed和动剪切模量Gd随固结压力的增大而增大;随动应变εd的增大而减小,且初始时刻减小速度明显,之后逐渐变缓。  相似文献   

10.
利用从现场取得的原状土样,通过室内动三轴试验对循环荷载作用下的变形、孔压和强度特性进行研究。试验研究主要考虑了周围固结压力、循环剪切应力比、荷载频率和循环次数等因素的影响。研究表明,在循环荷载作用下,孔隙水压力和轴向应变均是一个波动上升的过程。当循环应力比增大时,动孔隙水压力变化幅值显著增加,而残余孔压也较大。同时,孔隙水压力值也随着周围压力的增大而明显增大。当作用荷载频率比较大时,需要更多的循环次数才能达到小频率作用荷载能达到的孔隙水压力值。但是,随着循环荷载作用次数的增加,频率对孔隙水压力的影响有减小的趋势。  相似文献   

11.
A new predictive control method for operating water regulating gate of dams is presented based on a hydraulic model. To consider the hydrodynamic behavior of surface waves through a reservoir, the shallow water equation is used with the discretization by the finite element method. This method provides the appropriate solution of outflow discharge which prevents the overflow of dam by the operation of water gate assuming that the inflow discharge is known as a function of some moment in the future. To show the applicability of this method, one dimensional channels with single and with multiple dams and Moriyoshizan dam reservoir have been computed as the numerical examples. It is shown that the water surface elevation of a reservoir is sufficiently controlled by the present method.  相似文献   

12.
The effects of surface gravity waves on earthquake‐induced hydrodynamic pressures on rigid dams with nonvertical upstream face are examined, taking the compressibility and viscosity of water into account. A simple closed‐form solution is obtained by using the Trefftz numerical method. The boundary under study is reduced to the upstream face only and the degrees of freedom of the problem are restricted to the number of trial functions used for analysis. For harmonic base excitation, a number of numerical examples for various geometries of the upstream face are presented. The hydrodynamic pressure distribution, the resultant lateral force and its effective height of application are evaluated. The results are strongly influenced by the upstream shape and, in a lesser degree, by the consideration of surface waves. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
Based on a two-dimensional potential flow theory, earthquake-induced hydrodynamic pressures on a rigid dam with a non-vertical upstream face are examined by the Trefftz method. The effect of surface waves on the hydrodynamic pressure distribution is discussed in detail. Numerical values are given for different wave effect parameters and different geometries of the dam–water interface.  相似文献   

14.
A wave absorption filter for the far‐end boundary of semi‐infinite large reservoirs is developed for numerical simulation of unsteady free surface flows. Mathematical model is based on finite volume solution of the Navier–Stokes equations and depth‐integrated continuity equation to track the free surface. The Sommerfeld boundary condition is applied at the far‐end of the truncated computational domain. A dissipation zone is formed by applying artificial pressure on water surface to dissipate the kinetic energy of the outgoing waves. The computational scheme is tested to verify the conservation of total fluid volume in the domain for long simulation durations. Combination of the Sommerfeld boundary and dissipation zone can effectively minimize reflections and prevent cumulative changes in total fluid volume in the domain. Solitary wave, nonlinear periodic waves and irregular waves are simulated to illustrate the numerical developments. Earthquake excited surface waves and nonlinear hydrodynamic pressures in a dam–reservoir are computed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

15.
利用级数展开和线性叠加原理,本文给出了一种求取弹性坝面动水压力影响系数矩阵的数值算法,该法可以适用于倾斜,带有折角的弹性坝面动力压力影响系数矩阵的求取,并可进一步应用到复杂主加水和库底情形下的计算。文中指出了该法的适应范围。  相似文献   

16.
陈江  熊峰  葛琪  刘浩吾 《实验力学》2015,30(3):282-288
为了研究高拱坝的气幕隔震效果,基于动力相似准则,设计了坝体-坝基-气幕-库水三相耦合系统的动力试验模型。其中,坝体材料采用河沙、重晶石粉、铁粉、松香、酒精调制而成,坝基材料采用膨胀珍珠岩和石膏调制的轻质材料,气幕厚度为1cm,均匀地覆盖在坝体上游面,气室壁材料选用ABS工程塑料。基于该模型,完成了两种实测地震波不同峰值加速度共计12个工况的大型振动台试验。试验结果表明:气幕使动水压力显著降低,坝体加速度也相应减小;靠近坝底的测点动水压力削减达70%以上,坝顶加速度减小约20%。因此,气幕可提高坝体的抗震性能。  相似文献   

17.
Research of air-cushion isolation effects on high arch dam reservoir   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of air-cushion isolated arch dam is presented with the nonlinear gas-liquid-solid multi-field dynamic coupling effect taken into account.In this model,the displacement formulation in Lagrange method,pressure formulation in Euler method,nonlinear contact model based on Coulomb friction law are applied to the air-cushion,reservoir and contraction joint domain,respectively.The dynamic response of Jinping I arch dam with a height of 305 m is analyzed using the seismic records of the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008.Numerical results show that the air-cushion isolation reduces significantly the hydrodynamic pressure as well as the opening width for the contraction joints of high arch dam.  相似文献   

18.
The method of finite differences on a nonuniform mesh is used to study the nonstationary flow of a viscous incompressible fluid generated by traveling axisyiametric elastic waves along the surface of a soft cylindrical shell. Expressions are found for the fields of the velocities, vorticities, flow functions, and hydrodynamic forces acting on the body, and also the displacements and velocities of the points of the shell under the influence of the internal driving load and the external hydrodynamic pressure. The boundary conditions of contact between the fluid and the shell are satisfied on the deformed and nondeformed surfaces of the shell.Translated from Izvestiya Akadeinii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkostl i Gaza, No. 3, pp. 132–137, May–June, 1980.  相似文献   

19.
The foundation structure with piles and slab is widely used in offshore wind farm construction in shallow water. Experimental studies on the hydrodynamic loads acting on the piles and slab under irregular waves and currents are summarized with discussion on the effects of pile grouping on the wave forces and wave impact loads on the slab locating near the free surface. By applying the theoretical solution of the wave diffracted by the slab and using the Morison equation to evaluate the wave force on the piles, the effects of the slab on the wave forces acting on the piles are analyzed. Based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the volume of fluid (VOF) method, a numerical wave basin is developed to simulate the wave-structure interaction. The computed maximum wave force on the foundation structure with piles and slab agrees well with the measured data. The violent deformation, breaking, and run-up of the wave around the structure are presented and discussed. Further work on the turbulent flow structures and large deformation of the free surface due to interaction of the waves and foundation structures of offshore wind farms needs more efficient approaches for evaluating hydrodynamic loads under the effects of nonlinear waves and currents.  相似文献   

20.
梯级溃坝洪水洪峰增强机制   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
黄灿  刘青泉  王晓亮 《力学学报》2020,52(3):645-655
我国在多条河流上修建了大量梯级水库, 梯级坝溃决诱发洪水大大超过单坝溃决洪水洪峰, 因此亟需加深对梯级坝溃决洪水洪峰增强机制的认识. 本文建立了梯级坝溃决洪水演进过程的一维浅水动力学模型, 发展了一套能捕捉激波、干湿边界和保平衡结构的数值求解方法, 通过大量算例, 系统研究了梯级坝溃决洪水演进过程的质量转化和能量转化机制. 研究结果表明, 梯级溃决中, 上游溃决诱发的洪水大大增大下游水库的质量和动量, 形成一个带动量的水塔, 同时在尾部残留一个动量较大的射流, 不断补充下游坝体溃决后水塔的质量和动量, 持续维持洪峰高度. 根据该射流-水塔机制, 建立了梯级坝溃决洪水演进过程对应的射流-水塔单坝溃决洪水过程等效模型, 该等效模型基本反映了梯级坝溃决诱发洪水的洪峰过程, 并成功预测了多个坝间距为百公里量级的梯级坝溃决洪水洪峰高程和流量, 可望为流域防洪和梯级坝设计提供理论依据.   相似文献   

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