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平衡、约束、柔度等是力学理论的基本核心概念,本文旨在建立一种更为强调核心概念精细分析与理解的教学理念,而不仅仅重视求解题目.分析了两个教学案例:一是对称结构的柔度矩阵可逆性证明,利用实功恒为正值这一原理推导出柔度矩阵行列式恒不为零的结论;二是力法求解桁架结构时切断和拆除同一杆件,典型方程及柔度系数发生变化,从而显示出基本方程的物理意义、广义位移等概念,这种精细研究对深入理解算法机理具有重要作用.探讨了力学概念精细研究对于教学的重要性. 相似文献
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工程管理专业本科生在学习土力学之前,往往并没有像土木工程专业的学生那样系统深入地学习过必备的固体和流体力学知识,这给其教学提出了挑战. 本文由生活经验和已有中学物理知识引出水头概念,将其表达为一个可感知的高度,具体形象,易于学生接受. 在深入了解学生现有知识结构和掌握程度的基础上,因材施教,以新颖合理的方式引入某些力学概念,实践表明这是对工程管理专业学生较为有效的一个教学方法. 相似文献
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阐述比较法在结构力学教学中的应用。在教学中采用比较法对改革结构力学教学方法和提高学生的思维能力的创新能力很有帮助。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Solids and Structures》2005,42(21-22):5848-5871
A structural optimization algorithm is developed for truss and beam structures under stress–displacement or frequency constraints. The algorithm combines the mathematical programming based on the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) technique and the finite element technique based on the Integrated Force Method. A new approach based on the single value decomposition technique has been developed to derive the compatibility matrix required in the force method. Benchmark case studies illustrate the procedure and allow the results obtained to be compared with those reported in the literature. It is shown that the computational effort required by the force method is significantly lower than that of the displacement method and in some cases such as structural optimization problems with multiple frequency constraints, the analysis procedure (force or displacement method) significantly affects the final optimum design and the structural optimization based on the force method may result in a lighter design. 相似文献
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A material force method is proposed for evaluating the energy release rate and work rate of dissipation for fracture in inelastic materials. The inelastic material response is characterized by an internal variable model with an explicitly defined free energy density and dissipation potential. Expressions for the global material and dissipation forces are obtained from a global balance of energy-momentum that incorporates dissipation from inelastic material behavior. It is shown that in the special case of steady-state growth, the global dissipation force equals the work rate of dissipation, and the global material force and J-integral methods are equivalent. For implementation in finite element computations, an equivalent domain expression of the global material force is developed from the weak form of the energy-momentum balance. The method is applied to model problems of cohesive fracture in a remote K-field for viscoelasticity and elastoplasticity. The viscoelastic problem is used to compare various element discretizations in combination with different schemes for computing strain gradients. For the elastoplastic problem, the effects of cohesive and bulk properties on the plastic dissipation are examined using calculations of the global dissipation force. 相似文献
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从学习者角度探讨影响结构力学成绩的因素 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从学习者角度探讨影响结构力学学习成绩的因素,采用问卷调查的方式,利用著名的SPSS的统计软件对调查结果进行统计分析,研究了学习结构力学的背景情况、一般看法和具体做法对结构力学成绩的影响. 得出学习动机对结构力学成绩有重要影响,不断总结自己的学习方法,选择良好的学习策略,能否会一题多解对结构力学成绩有较大影响等一些重要的结论. 相似文献
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对流体力学课程中的几个基本概念,如:变形、连续介质假设、流体微团、欧拉描述等,进行了深入解读,探讨了这些概念所代表的本来含义以及所可能产生的疑惑与误区.通过解读分析,能够澄清学生的一些模糊认识,帮助学生从正反两方面理解这些概念,建立起对流体力学的基本的正确的认知. 相似文献