红板岩材料隐式本构模型的建立及其应用研究

针对红板岩材料在岩土工程中所表现的大量模糊的和不确定的因素等特点,基于人工神经网络的学习能力,借助于室内岩石力学试验,进行了对该材料的力学本构特性进行了神经网络模拟研究,提出了隐式本构模型的思想和方法,并通过该方法对该岩石的流变试验结果进行学习,获得了以网络权值结构保存的力学特性知识,由此得到了表征红板岩应力应变本构关系的隐式本构模型。应用结果表明,该方法对岩土类材料本构关系的模拟研究具有很好的应用前景。     

广义双剪粘弹塑性本构模型在渤海海冰动力学中的应用

在连续介质力学基础上建立了一个广义双剪粘弹塑性海冰动力学本构模型。该模型在海冰屈服前采用Kelvin-Vogit粘弹性模型,考虑中间主应力和静水压力对海冰屈服的影响选用广义双剪应力屈服准则作为海冰屈服判据,屈服后采用相关联的正则流动法则。采用该本构模型对渤海海冰动力过程进行了48小时数值模拟,讨论了辽东湾海冰的厚度、密集度、冰速和主应力的分布规律,其中海冰厚度分布与卫星遥感资料符合良好,从而有效地验证了该广义双剪粘弹塑性本构模型在海冰动力学中的可靠性。     

各向异性本构关系在板料成形数值模拟中的应用

对几种能表达面内各向异性的屈服准则Hill、Barlat-Lian、Barlat进行了比较。以弹性变形服从各向同性广义虎克定律的情况下，给出了基于张量算法推导的弹塑性本构关系的一般表达式，并由此导出了相应屈服准则的弹塑性本构关系的显式表达。借助ABAQUS软件本构模块用户子程序接口，分别实现了这些屈服准则在ABAQUS的嵌入。以模拟方形盒的拉延过程为例，分析了不同的屈服准则在板料成形过程数值模拟中的应用。模拟结果表明，基于弹塑性本构关系一般表达所列出的相应屈服准则的显式表达式是正确的；在采用壳元来模拟板料成形时，采用Barlat准则的模拟结果和采用Barlat-Lian准则的结果差别不大。     

水泥基材料在宽围压范围的本构模型

本文首先进行了水泥石的三轴试验和静水试验,根据试验结果分析了宽围压范围下不同力学机理对水泥石宏观力学性能的影响。提出了基于热力学定律的剪切塑性、孔隙塑性与破坏准则相互作用的弹塑性损伤本构模型。该模型有效的考虑了围压对材料主要力学特征的影响,提出了与损伤准则相关联的塑性硬化函数。数值解答与试验结果比较表明,该本构模型可以很好地描述水泥石在低围压状态下的脆性、中围压下的脆-塑性转换以及高围压下的孔隙塑性为主的力学特征。     

考虑水化学损伤的岩石真三轴蠕变本构模型

为了准确描述岩石在酸性环境下真三轴蠕变行为的各阶段特征,基于水岩作用的化学动力学理论,定义了考虑PH值与时间的化学损伤因子,将弹性体,非线性Kelvin体,线性Kelvin体和黏弹塑性体进行串联,并考虑岩石在真三轴应力作用下的实际情况,建立岩石酸腐与真三轴应力耦合作用下的损伤蠕变本构模型,通过已有的蠕变试验数据对该模型进行参数辨识与验证,并通过数据拟合得到岩石在真三轴应力下的屈服面方程,探讨中间主应力对蠕变模型的影响.结果表明,推导的本构模型能很好地描述岩石在酸腐作用下真三轴蠕变行为的各阶段特性,验证了其合理性与准确性.     

一种混凝土损伤模型和数值方法

Ｏｔｏｓｅｎ准则在准静态时和实验结果有很好的一致性，但是混凝土的动态力学性质和准静态相比有明显的变化。此时，需要用应变率相关的本构模型来描述混凝土的力学行为。从Ｏｔ－ｔｏｓｅｎ的四参数混凝土破坏准则出发，考虑损伤、静水压和应变率对本构关系的影响，建立了混凝土的粘塑性本构模型。同时给出了基于该本构模型的混凝土的有限元计算方法:在积分内变量时采用改进的龙格－库塔格式，在时间方向上的积分使用带有步长控制的ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｉｚｅｄ－方法，有效地保证了积分的稳定和精度，给混凝土的进一步研究提供了方便。     

一种黏弹塑性统一本构模型

经过对大量有关统一本构模型的文献资料分析，指出了现有统一本构模型存在的问题，并通过对材料实验数据的分析，指出了黏弹性现象在实验中的表现，并据此将黏弹性引入到弹性黏塑性统一本构模型之中，建立了黏弹塑性统一本构模型，通过模型的数值模拟证明：模型计算结果无论在变形趋势上，还是在数值精度上都与实验数据符合得很好，克服了此前统一本构模型存在的问题。黏弹塑性统一本构模型的产生将统一本构模型的产生将统一本构理论的内涵扩大到黏弹性范围，进而构造了一个黏弹塑性理论的新框架。     

考虑微裂纹相互作用的的岩石微观力学弹塑性损伤模型研究

本文建立基于微裂纹扩展的岩石弹塑性损伤微观力学模型。用自洽方法考虑裂隙间相互影响,压缩载荷下微裂纹尖端翼裂纹稳定扩展表征岩石的微观损伤,基于应变能密度准则用Newton迭代法求复合型断裂的翼裂纹扩展长度,并采用微裂隙统计的二参数Weibull函数模型反映绝对体积应变对微裂纹分布数目影响,进而用翼裂纹扩展所表征的应力释放体积和微裂纹数目来表示含有微裂隙的岩石损伤演化变量;宏观塑性屈服函数采用Voyiadjis等的等效塑性应变的硬化函数,反映塑性内变量对硬化函数的影响;建立岩石的弹塑性损伤本构关系及其数值算法,并用回映隐式积分算法编制了弹塑性损伤模型的程序。从围压和微裂隙长度等因素分析弹塑性损伤模型的岩石的损伤和宏观塑性特性。     

考虑损伤的节理本构模型

本文在弹塑性损伤的理论框架内，讨论了节理等地质间断面的本构模型。这个模型能够反映节理面的损伤弱化，扩容和弹性刚度劣化等复杂特性。这个模型的另一优点是，塑性变形增量与屈服面是非正交的，但本构矩阵具有对称性。这种对称性在岩石力学的理论研究和数值分析中是至关紧要的。     

具确定弱区域正交各向异性薄板的弹塑性屈曲分析

基于弹塑性力学和损伤理论,建立了一个与应力球张量有关的具损伤正交各向异性材料的混合硬化屈服准则,该准则无量纲化后与各向同性材料的Mises准则同构,在此基础上,建立了正交各向异性材料的增量型和全量型弹塑性损伤本构方程,并以具确定弱区域正交各向异性矩形薄板为例,根据屈曲时的能量准则和全量理论,以等效塑性应变为内变量,对其弹塑性屈曲问题进行了分析,讨论了几何参数和弱区域对正交各向异性薄板弹塑性屈曲临界应力的影响.     

基于对数应力率大应变本构关系的参数标定研究

在所有率型弹塑性本构模型中,只有对数应力率对应的本构模型能够满足自适应准则.基于对数应力率,采用实心圆轴扭转实验,对大应变弹塑性本构模型中的参数标定问题进行了讨论.推导出了考虑Swift效应时端部自由实心圆轴扭转变形的变形率、对数旋率、Kirchhoff应力及Kirchhoff应力的对数应力率.对于等向强化大应变弹塑性本构关系,给出了由实心圆轴扭转实验标定的、基于Kirchhhoff应力对数应力率的本构关系中塑性刚度函数的表达式.分析了扭转圆轴的Swift效应对塑性刚度函数的影响.结果表明,实心圆轴扭转的轴向伸长变形和径向变形对基于对数应力率大应变本构关系中的塑性刚度函数都有影响.当不考虑Swift效应时,所得塑性刚度函数表达式与不考虑Swift效应时基于Jaumann应力率的塑性刚度函数表达式相同.     

Elastoplastic modeling of circular fiber-reinforced ductile matrix composites considering a finite RVE

A micromechanical elastoplastic damage model considering a finite RVE is proposed to predict the overall elastoplastic damage behavior of circular fiber-reinforced ductile (matrix) composites. The constitutive damage model proposed in our preceding work (Kim and Lee, 2009) considering a finite Eshelby’s tensor (Li et al., 2005, Wang et al., 2005) is extended to accommodate the elastoplastic behavior of the composites. On the basis of the exterior-point Eshelby’s tensor for circular inclusions and the ensemble-averaged effective yield criterion, a micromechanical framework for predicting the effective elastoplastic damage behavior of ductile composites is derived. A series of numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate stress–strain response of the proposed micromechanical framework and to examine the influence of a Weibull parameter on the elastoplastic behavior of the composites. Furthermore, comparisons between the present predictions and experimental data available in the literature are made to further assess the predictive capability of the proposed model.     

Modeling of fatigue life of materials and structures under low-cycle loading

A damaged medium model (DMM) consisting of three interconnected components (relations determining the cyclic elastoplastic behavior of the material, kinetic damage accumulation equations, and the strength criterion for the damaged material) was developed to estimate the stress strain state and the fatigue life of important engineering objects. The fatigue life of a strip with a cut under cyclic loading was estimated to obtain qualitative and quantitative estimates of the DMM constitutive relations under low-cycle loading. It was shown that the considered version of the constitutive relations reliably describes the main effects of elastoplastic deformation and the fatigue life processes of materials and structures.     

三维加锚弹塑性损务模型在溪洛渡地下厂房工程中的应用

本文根据断续裂隙岩体的损伤机制,建立了三维弹塑性损伤本构模型反映裂隙岩体的损伤变形特性。考虑断续裂隙岩体的岩锚支护效应,建立了空间损伤锚柱单元模型模拟锚杆的支护效果。最后将建立的模型应用于溪洛渡水电站地下厂房,进行了洞室群开挖弹塑性损伤及岩锚支护三维非线性有限元计算,获得了一些有益的工程结论。     

Unified elastoplastic finite difference and its application

Two elastoplastic constitutive models based on the unified strength theory (UST) are established and implemented in an explicit finite difference code, fast Lagrangian analysis of continua (FLAC/FLAC3D), which includes an associated/non-associated flow rule, strain-hardening/softening, and solutions of singularities. Those two constitutive models are appropriate for metallic and strength-different (SD) materials, respectively. Two verification examples are used to compare the computation results and test data using the two-dimensional finite difference code FLAC and the finite element code ANSYS, and the two constitutive models proposed in this paper are verified. Two application examples, the large deformation of a prismatic bar and the strain-softening behavior of soft rock under a complex stress state, are analyzed using the three-dimensional code FLAC3D. The two new elastoplastic constitutive models proposed in this paper can be used in bearing capacity evaluation or stability analysis of structures built of metallic or SD materials. The effect of the intermediate principal stress on metallic or SD material structures under complex stress states, including large deformation, three-dimensional and non-association problems, can be analyzed easily using the two constitutive models proposed in this paper.     

A coupled elastoplastic-damage constitutive model with Lode angle dependent failure criterion

A coupled elastoplastic-damage constitutive model with Lode angle dependent failure criterion for high strain and ballistic applications is presented. A Lode angle dependent function is added to the equivalent plastic strain to failure definition of the Johnson–Cook failure criterion. The weakening in the elastic law and in the Johnson–Cook-like constitutive relation implicitly introduces the Lode angle dependency in the elastoplastic behaviour. The material model is calibrated for precipitation hardened Inconel 718 nickel-base superalloy. The combination of a Lode angle dependent failure criterion with weakened constitutive equations is proven to predict fracture patterns of the mechanical tests performed and provide reliable results. Additionally, the mesh size dependency on the prediction of the fracture patterns was studied, showing that was crucial to predict such patterns.     

Overall damage and elastoplastic deformation in fibrous metal matrix composites

A phenomenological constitutive model for fibrous composite materials with a ductile matrix is postulated incorporating damage mechanics with micromechanical behavior. The model is first formulated in an undamaged composite system and then transformed consistently achieved in terms of an overall damage tensor M for the whole composite. In the process of formulating this model, interesting results are obtained demonstrating the necessity of using a non-associated flow rule for plasticity in the damaged composite system together with a Hill's type yield criterion. It is also shown that using a Ziegler-Prager kinematic hardening rule for the ductile matrix leads to a general kinematic hardening rule for the composite that is a combination of a generalized Ziegler-Prager model and a Phillips-type model. Finally, an explicit expression for the elastoplastic stiffness tensor for the damaged composite is obtained.     

浅埋小净距隧道爆破损伤探测及数值模拟分析

为了研究爆破荷载对浅埋小净距隧道围岩造成的损伤影响,以济南顺河快速路南延工程浅埋暗挖段为工程背景,通过LSDYNA软件将建立的各向异性动态损伤本构用于隧道爆破的损伤数值模拟,研究炮孔周围的损伤范围;并基于声波测试原理,对浅埋小净距隧道围岩的损伤进行了现场探测。结果表明:在数值模拟中,单个炮孔爆破形成的最大损伤影响半径为0.58 m,最大损伤影响深度为1.88 m,根据岩体的损伤破坏阈值,岩体的破坏水平范围可达0.14 m,破坏深度为1.70 m;根据现场探测,中夹岩受双线隧道交替爆破开挖其损伤程度较围岩其他部位要高,爆破开挖对隧道围岩造成的损伤范围在0.50 m左右,与模拟结果相接近,验证了各向异性动态损伤本构的准确性。研究成果对浅埋小净距隧道的爆破开挖和损伤控制具有一定指导作用。     

Development and application of state-dependent fractional plasticity in modeling the non-associated behavior of granular aggregates

To characterize the constitutive behavior of granular aggregates,a non-associated plasticity model with two different yield and plastic potential surfaces was usually used.However,in this paper,a state-dependent fractional elastoplastic model is proposed by only performing the first-and fractional-order differentiations of the yield function.The non-associated plastic flow is obtained without using any plastic potential functions.The state dependence is considered by correlating the fractional order with a state parameter.The model is then validated by simulating a series of test results of different granular aggregates,including sand,ballast and rockfill,under a variety of loading conditions.