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1.
厚氧化层的弹塑性接触应力分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
赵华  杨翊仁 《摩擦学学报》2000,20(2):135-138
采用虚拟接触载荷法起初模拟半固柱体与带有氧化层的平板之间的接触现象,研究了接触表面、表层及基体内部的弹塑性应力分布特性。研究发现,材料的变形刚度、屈服强度及表面摩擦力等因素对应力分布有显著影响,塑性屈服一般发生在表层下部z/a约为0.8处,氧化层与基体的界面上存在着应力突变。  相似文献   

2.
列车车轮踏面表层金属滚动接触疲劳是影响列车运行安全性和舒适性的核心科学问题. 借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和显微硬度计,通过开展列车车轮材料的标准滚动接触疲劳试验,将标准接触疲劳样品的损伤行为与实际服役车轮的损伤行为对比分析,研究了列车车轮的滚动接触疲劳裂纹评价方法. 结果表明:车轮表层金属接触疲劳开裂是表层金属累积塑性变形损伤的结果;标准滚动接触疲劳样品剥离坑的深度恰好等于硬化层的深度,实际服役车轮剥离坑的深度小于硬化层的深度;将车轮表面的滚动接触疲劳裂纹命名为“三角形指向性裂纹”;初步建立了车轮表面滚动接触疲劳损伤程度的定量评价方法.   相似文献   

3.
采用喷丸强化对Cr-Ni-Mo系高强钢进行强化处理,利用销盘式摩擦磨损试验机考察了喷丸前后试样的摩擦磨损性能,研究了喷丸强化对Cr-Ni-Mo系高强钢试样的表面形貌、微观结构、显微硬度、残余应力和摩擦磨损特性的影响,进一步揭示了销盘接触摩擦过程中喷丸处理的强化机理.结果表明:喷丸强化在材料表层形成了塑性变形层并产生了位错区域,但提高了表面粗糙度;随着喷丸气压和覆盖率的增加,试样的表层显微硬度和表面残余压应力值显著提高;同时,喷丸试样表面形成的冲击弹坑改善了接触界面润滑效果,喷丸试样的摩擦系数由未处理试样的0.073最大降至0.023,其磨损率由1.25×10-5 mm3/(N·m)最大降至0.81×10-5 mm3/(N·m),平均摩擦系数最大降低68.49%,磨损率最大降低了35.20%;此外,原始试样的磨损机理为犁沟,喷丸试样主要为犁沟、氧化磨损和黏结磨损.  相似文献   

4.
机械传动关键活动零部件接触副往往受到力载荷和摩擦热载荷的耦合作用,使得接触界面间的接触力学行为的分析变得极其复杂. 利用基于等效夹杂方法建立的考虑热对流非均质材料热弹接触力学分析模型研究不同摩擦系数、夹杂位置和材料属性等参数对材料表面及内部温升及热应力分布影响规律. 此外,进一步分析了接触副材料中含分布球形夹杂时摩擦热造成的影响. 结果表明:接触副表面温升梯度受热对流系数的影响较大;下表面温升和热应力随摩擦系数增大而增大;分布夹杂则将接触副材料下表面温升及热应力分布变得更为复杂.   相似文献   

5.
针对一类杨氏模量梯度变化的功能梯度材料, 考虑摩擦、微动磨损和黏附等因素, 综述了梯度材料有限尺寸、梯度变化规律、梯度涂层厚度、界面摩擦热、压头形状等对表面接触力学性能的影响; 根据不同接触模型中接触界面应力场分布, 分析多种因素影响下功能梯度材料表面抵抗磨损的能力; 最后给出了功能梯度材料接触力学研究中仍存在的主要科学问题及进一步研究展望.  相似文献   

6.
钢轨短波长波浪形磨损的安定性分析   总被引:7,自引:5,他引:2  
针对轮-轨滚动接触的短波长波浪形磨损现象,采用有限元法分析了三维实体模型的接触状态,通过计算分析了高频力作用下接触表面的塑性变形过程.结果表明:在一定的运动条件下,由于重复滚压作用,接触表面发生硬化并达到安定极限状态,生成有规律的短波长变形;钢轨表面塑性变形受枕木间距的影响;就具有随动硬化特性的钢轨材料而言,当摩擦系数μ<0.3时,屈服现象发生在材料表层下方;随着摩擦系数的增大,接触表面的切向力增大,安定极限的临界接触压力Po降低,屈服点移向接触表面,材料失效加快.  相似文献   

7.
空心圆柱滚动体接触状况的分析研究   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
罗虹  刘家滩 《摩擦学学报》1997,17(3):253-259
对空心圆柱滚动体的接触状况进行了数值计算与分析研究。结果表明:在应用载荷范围内,空心圆柱滚动体的接触半宽与实心滚动体的相比变化不大,因而空心圆柱滚子轴承接触疲劳寿命的影响因素主要不是接触变形,而是弯曲应力使接触表层应力分布发生的变化;在空心度小于70%的情况下,最大切应力和最大正入面体切应力都降低,轴承的接触疲劳寿命提高。  相似文献   

8.
超声马达转子摩擦材料厚度对驱动性能的影响研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
制备了一系列不同厚度的摩擦材料 ,利用超声马达摩擦特性模拟试验装置 ,研究了摩擦材料厚度对超声马达空载转速和堵转力矩的影响 .基于一个简化的行波超声马达定子和转子接触模型 ,用有限元法计算了定子和转子接触变形随摩擦材料厚度的变化规律 ,提出了定子和转子具有合理接触变形的摩擦材料厚度范围 .根据试验和理论计算结果确定了摩擦材料最佳厚度 ,为超声马达摩擦材料厚度设计提供了理论依据  相似文献   

9.
单峰接触研究及其在分形表面接触中的应用   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
基于有限元方法,建立了弹塑性单峰的接触模型.粗糙峰为理想的弹塑性材料,为了考虑不同的材料特性对微凸体变形的影响,分别对9种不同的材料进行了分析.根据有限元计算结果,分析了接触面积,平均接触压力和接触力与变形干涉量之间的关系,并进行了经验公式的拟合.单峰接触所经历的4个不同的阶段,以及不同阶段之间的转化点均作了明确的表达.然后,根据分形理论,将单峰接触模型扩展到了三维的粗糙表面的接触,并提出了一个计算接触表面法向刚度的模型.通过与实验数据和以往模型的结果对比,证明本文中所提出的模型具有较高的精度.  相似文献   

10.
电接触材料在生活生产应用中发挥着重要的作用,但其面临着较为复杂的摩擦磨损问题,因此对电接触材料的研究至关重要. 文章从摩擦学角度出发,综述了当前几种常见的铜基、银基和金基电接触材料的特点以及存在的问题,分析了不同接触载荷、电流和滑动速度等条件下电接触材料的载流摩擦学行为、载流摩擦磨损机制、计算模拟研究以及当前还存在的问题. 提出未来应发展石墨烯等性能优异的新型电接触材料以及加强对多因素耦合作用下电接触体系的摩擦磨损行为和失效机制的研究,这将为未来电接触材料摩擦学的研究发展提供一定的参考价值.   相似文献   

11.
Studying the dynamic elasto-plastic contact behavior of dimer metallic granules, defined as contacting beads of either different size or material, is important for understanding the behavior of heterogeneous granular systems such as periodic or multi-phase systems. In this paper, the dynamic contact response of dimer bead pairs was experimentally studied using a split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus. Two types of dimer combinations were subjected to dynamic loading: dimers with the same bead size but different materials (material dimers), and dimers of the same material but different size (size dimers). Dynamic elasto-plastic contact force-displacement curves, post mortem images of yielded contact area, residual contact deformation, and energy absorption during the impact process were measured in each case. It was found that the dynamic contact behavior of the material dimers is controlled by the material with lower yield strength, and can be well described by existing elasto-plastic contact models. In contrast, the size dimers show a complex deformation process that cannot be described by current theoretical models. It was also seen that the strain rate sensitivity of the material itself affects the dynamic yield process of size dimer pairs, and their radius ratio shows a linear effect on the residual deformation and energy transmitted ratio.  相似文献   

12.
The Gonthier et al. volume-based contact dynamics model addressed many different phenomena that influence the force of contact between two objects. This work extends Gonthier et al.'s work by proposing an alternate damping model based on material properties. The normal contact force based on volumetric interference information is derived using principles of mechanics of materials. The volume of interference and its rate of change are shown to be analogues to the material deformation and deformation rate. Simulations of the free direct central impact between two identical spheres are run using the proposed model, the Hunt–Crossley model and the Gonthier et al. model; these are compared to experimental data from the literature. This is followed by a discussion of those models.  相似文献   

13.
采用离散单元法对回转筒内沙石物料的混合均匀性进行数值模拟研究,并选取回转筒转速、直径、提升条个数和石子填充率作为影响因素,分别设立3个水平,进行回转筒内物料混合的正交模拟,旨在对各因素的敏感性影响程度进行分析。基于试验结果选择物料混合时间和颗粒接触数率作为试验指标,对四个因素进行极差分析和方差分析。结果表明,回转筒转速、直径和石子填充率对物料混合时间的影响显著,提升条个数对混合时间的影响不显著;石子填充率、回转筒转速和提升条个数对物料混合后颗粒接触数率的影响显著,回转筒直径对物料混合后颗粒接触数率的影响不显著。  相似文献   

14.
We solve a fracture-mechanics problem for a cracked material under polyharmonic loading (waves of various lengths propagating through an elastic material). The frictional contact interaction of the finite crack edges in a plane is analyzed for the case of normal incidence of two harmonic shear waves with different frequencies. The forces of contact interaction and displacement discontinuity are determined. The effect of the wave frequency on the stress intensity factor for different normalized wave numbers is examined  相似文献   

15.
A generalized adhesive wear analysis that takes into account the effect of interfacial adhesion on the total load was developed for three-dimensional fractal surfaces in normal contact. A wear criterion based on the critical contact area for fully-plastic deformation of the asperity contacts was used to model the removal of material from the contact interface. The fraction of fully-plastic asperity contacts, wear rate, and wear coefficient are expressed in terms of the total normal load (global interference), fractal (topography) parameters, elastic–plastic material properties, surface energy, material compatibility, and interfacial adhesion characteristics controlled by the environment of the interacting surfaces. Numerical results are presented for representative ceramic–ceramic, ceramic–metallic, and metal–metal contact systems to illustrate the dependence of asperity plastic deformation, wear rate, and wear coefficient on global interference, surface roughness, material properties, and work of adhesion (affected by the material compatibility and the environment of the contacting surfaces). The analysis yields insight into the effects of surface material properties and interfacial adhesion on the adhesive wear of rough surfaces in normal contact.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Thermal contact resistance plays a very important role in heat transfer efficiency and thermomechanical coupling response between two materials, and a common method to reduce the thermal contact resistance is to fill a soft interface material between these two materials. A testing system of high temperature thermal contact resistance based on INSTRON 8874 is established in the present paper, which can achieve 600°C at the interface. Based on this system, the thermal contact resistance between superalloy GH600 material and three-dimensional braid C/C composite material is experimentally investigated, under different interface pressures, interface roughnesses and temperatures, respectively. At the same time, the mechanism of reducing the thermal contact resistance with carbon fiber sheet as interface material is experimentally investigated. Results show that the present testing system is feasible in the experimental research of high temperature thermal contact resistance.  相似文献   

18.
Stress evolution in a dense granular material is closely related to interactions of contacting particles. We investigate statistics related to particle interactions and the relationship between the averaged local relative motion and the macroscopic motion. The validity of the Voigt and Reuss assumptions is examined, and extensions to these assumptions are proposed. Effects of history in the dense granular material are investigated. Statistical samples used in this paper are obtained using three-dimensional numerical simulations of dense granular media under uniaxial cyclical compression. The results show that stresses arise mostly from normal forces between particles, and direct contributions from frictional tangential forces between particles are small. Tangential friction, however, significantly increases the particle contact time, and thus reduces the rate of contact breakage. The contact breakage rate is demonstrated to be a stress relaxation rate. Therefore, stress increases significantly with friction between particles as a result of prolonged relaxation time.  相似文献   

19.
Numerous experiments have repetitively shown that the material behavior presents effective size dependent mechanical properties at scales of microns or submicrons. In this paper, the size dependent behavior of micropolar theory under conical indentation is studied for different indentation depths and micropolar material parameters. To illustrate the effectiveness of the micropolar theory in predicting the indentation size effect (ISE), an axisymmetric finite element model has been developed for elastoplastic contact analysis of the micropolar materials based on the parametric virtual principle. It is shown that the micropolar parameters contribute to describe the characteristic of ISE at different scales, where the material length scale regulates the rate of hardness change at large indentation depth and the value of micropolar shear module restrains the upper limit of hardness at low indentation depth. The simulation results showed that the indentation loads increase as the result of increased material length scale at any indentation depth, however, the rate of increase is higher for lower indentation depth, relative to conventional continuum. The numerical results are presented for perfectly sharp and rounded tip conical indentations of magnesium oxide and compared with the experimental data for hardness coming from the open literature. It is shown that the satisfactory agreement between the experimental data and the numerical results is obtained, and the better correlation is achieved for the rounded tip indentation compared to the sharp indentation.  相似文献   

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