弯管结构塑性极限分析的数值方法及应用

从塑性极限分析数值计算的角度,分析了多组载荷联合作用下弯管结构的塑性极限承载能力。为了克服塑性极限上限分析中目标函数非线性非光滑所导致的数值困难,提出了一种弯管结构塑性极限上限分析的无搜索优化迭代算法;采用一种改进的弯管单元并利用加载路径的径向射求解方案处理多组载荷系统。通过对典型弯管结构进行塑性极限分析得出了一些有价值的结论。     

极限分析的无搜索数学规划算法

本文研究理想刚塑性介质极限载荷因子的计算方法。根据极限分权理论的上限定理,建立了计算极限载荷因子的一般数学规划有限元格式。针对这种格式的特点,提出了一个求解极限载荷因子的无搜索迭代算法。这个算法中采用逐步识别刚性、塑性分区,不断修正目标函数的方案,克服了目标函数非光滑所导致的困难。本文提出的算法建立于位移模式有限元基础上,有较广的适用范围,且具有计算效率高,稳定性好,格式简单易于程序实现等优点。     

极限分析的无搜索数学规划算法

本文研究理想刚塑性介质极限载荷因子的计算方法。根据极限分权理论的上限定理,建立了计算极限载荷因子的一般数学规划有限元格式。针对这种格式的特点,提出了一个求解极限载荷因子的无搜索迭代算法。这个算法中采用逐步识别刚性、塑性分区,不断修正目标函数的方案,克服了目标函数非光滑所导致的困难。本文提出的算法建立于位移模式有限元基础上,有较广的适用范围,且具有计算效率高,稳定性好,格式简单易于程序实现等优点。     

基于均匀化理论韧性复合材料塑性极限分析

运用细观力学中的均匀化方法分析了韧性复合材料的塑性极限承载能力.从反映复合材料细观结构的代表性胞元入手,将均匀化理论运用到塑性极限分析中,计算由理想刚塑性、Mises组分材料构成的复合材料的极限承载能力.运用机动极限方法和有限元技术,最终将上述问题归结为求解一组带等式约束的非线性数学规划问题,并采用一种无搜索直接迭代算法求解.为复合材料的强度分析提供了一个有效手段.     

有效结构综合的近似概念

1.历史的回顾1.1 早期的工作数学规划方法用于结构优化设计问题,有相当短但生动的历史。1958年以前,这一领域的研究建立在塑性设计原理上。简要地说,这种方法是在结构受到按比例加大使用载荷而得到的过载作用下,防止塑性破坏并探求重量最轻。在塑性设计原理中,一类重要的结构优化问题可公式化成线性规划。线性规划方法早期用于以塑性破坏理论为基础的平面框架最小重量设计,它并没有考虑多种加载或交替的加载情况。后来,认识到在塑性设计原理中需要处理交替加载情况并成功地进行了处理。早期数学规划方法用于最优结构设计是取线性规划的形式,因为它们是在简化塑性破坏设计原理范围内用公式表述的。     

超静定梁的弹塑性分析

 通过虚功原理和单位载荷法分析了超静定梁的弹塑性加载过程，给出了加载过程中外 载荷与约束反力的非线性关系，并据此对塑性力学中超静定梁的塑性极限分析的编写提出了 建议.     

海洋平台TT型管节点的极限强度分析

利用非线性有限元方法分析了轴向力作用下多平面TT节点的极限强度。在数值分析中,采用三维20结点固体单元模拟管道结构和焊缝形状,将结构有限元网格划分为不同区域,每个区域的网格独立产生,通过合并形成整个结构的有限元网格。通过控制位移增量法得到了加载过程中载荷和位移之间的关系曲线。使用ABAQUS软件分析了TT节点在支管端部承受轴向载荷的变形及与外部载荷之间的关系,得到了不同参数影响下的TT节点极限强度。     

多孔材料塑性极限载荷及其破坏模式分析

运用塑性力学中的机动极限分析理论，研究韧性基体多孔材料的塑性极限承载能力和破坏模式。以多孔材料的细观结构为研究对象，将细观力学中的均匀化理论引入到塑性极限分析中，并结合有限元技术，建立细观结构极限载荷的一般计算格式，并提出相应的求解算法。数值算例表明：细观孔洞对材料的宏观强度影响明显；在单向拉伸作用下，孔洞呈现膨胀扩大规律；多孔材料破坏源于基体塑性区的贯通。     

超静定梁弹塑性加载过程分析的教学内容构建

"超静定梁的塑性极限分析" 作为塑性力学教材中的一节内容,阐述了如何用"机动法" 和"静力法" 求最终的塑性极限破坏载荷,却没有分析超静定梁的弹塑性加载变形过程. 通过把结构力学中计算弹性位移的单位载荷法扩展应用到超静定梁的弹塑性加载过程,以均布载荷作用下两端固支超静定梁的弹塑性加载和变形全过程分析为例,构建了超静定梁弹塑性加载过程分析的教学内容,给出了两端固支超静定梁在均布载荷加载过程中弯矩内力和挠度随外载荷而变化的解析公式. 主要目的是引导学生掌握超静定梁复杂的非线性弹塑性加载变形全过程的分析方法,可供塑性力学教材改编时参考引用.     

钢框架抗震耗能节点梁的极限承载力分析

为提高结构的抗震性能,框架结构中以翼缘削弱型节点为代表的延性耗能节点逐渐代替传统节点,为研究翼缘削弱型节点框架梁在单向比例加载时的极限载荷,对削弱梁极限状态进行了分析,判定极限状态下削弱梁塑性铰生成的位置并计算极限载荷,将计算结果和普通梁进行对比.分析结果表明:削弱梁越长承载力下降越明显,对短梁需要选择合适的削弱参数,才能避免塑性铰出现在梁端.研究结果可为削弱梁塑性设计提供依据,同时拓展结构力学极限载荷学习内容.     

Limit analysis of composite materials based on an ellipsoid yield criterion

Employing repeating unit cell (RUC) to represent the microstructure of periodic composite materials, this paper develops a numerical technique to calculate the plastic limit loads and failure modes of composites by means of homogenization technique and limit analysis in conjunction with the displacement-based finite element method. With the aid of homogenization theory, the classical kinematic limit theorem is generalized to incorporate the microstructure of composites. Using an associated flow rule, the plastic dissipation power for an ellipsoid yield criterion is expressed in terms of the kinematically admissible velocity. Based on nonlinear mathematical programming techniques, the finite element modelling of kinematic limit analysis is then developed as a nonlinear mathematical programming problem subject to only a small number of equality constraints. The objective function corresponds to the plastic dissipation power which is to be minimized and an upper bound to the limit load of a composite is then obtained. The nonlinear formulation has a very small number of constraints and requires much less computational effort than a linear formulation. An effective, direct iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the resulting nonlinear programming problem. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method have been validated by several numerical examples. The proposed method can provide theoretical foundation and serve as a powerful numerical tool for the engineering design of composite materials.     

Kinematic limit analysis of frictional materials using nonlinear programming

In this paper, a nonlinear numerical technique is developed to calculate the plastic limit loads and failure modes of frictional materials by means of mathematical programming, limit analysis and the conventional displacement-based finite element method. The analysis is based on a general yield function which can take the form of the Mohr–Coulomb or Drucker–Prager criterion. By using an associated flow rule, a general nonlinear yield criterion can be directly introduced into the kinematic theorem of limit analysis without linearization. The plastic dissipation power can then be expressed in terms of kinematically admissible velocity fields and a nonlinear optimization formulation is obtained. The nonlinear formulation only has one constraint and requires considerably less computational effort than a linear programming formulation. The calculation is based entirely on kinematically admissible velocities without calculation of the stress field. The finite element formulation of kinematic limit analysis is developed and solved as a nonlinear mathematical programming problem subject to a single equality constraint. The objective function corresponds to the plastic dissipation power which is then minimized to give an upper bound to the true limit load. An effective, direct iterative algorithm for kinematic limit analysis is proposed in this paper to solve the resulting nonlinear mathematical programming problem. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method have been illustrated through a number of numerical examples.     

A SOLUTION PROCEDURE FOR LOWER BOUND LIMIT AND SHAKEDOWN ANALYSIS BY SGBEM

The symmetric Galerkin boundary element method (SGBEM) instead of the finite element method is used to perform lower bound limit and shakedown analysis of structures. The self-equilibrium stress fields are constructed by a linear combination of several basic self-equilibrium stress fields with parameters to be determined. These basic self-equilibrium stress fields are expressed as elastic responses of the body to imposed permanent strains and obtained through elastic-plastic incremental analysis. The complex method is used to solve nonlinear programming and determine the maximal load amplifier. The limit analysis is treated as a special case of shakedown analysis in which only the proportional loading is considered. The numerical results show that SGBEM is efficient and accurate for solving limit and shakedown analysis problems. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19902007), the National Foundation for Excellent Doctorial Dissertation of China (No. 200025) and the Basic Research Foundation of Tsinghua University.     

LOWER BOUND LIMIT ANALYSIS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL ELASTOPLASTIC STRUCTURES BY BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD

IntroductionThelimitanalysisofstructuresisoneofthemostpracticalandusefulbranchesinplasticity .Ithasimportantapplicationbackgroundforproblemssuchasthedeterminationofloadcarryingcapacityandplasticformingofmetal.Thepurposeofthelimitanalysisofstructuresistoprovidereliabletheoreticalbasesforengineeringdesignandsafetyassessment.Asasimplifiedmethodforelastoplasticproblems,limitanalysisneednotrequirethehistoryofloadandcancomputethelimitloadsdirectlyinsteadofelastoplasticincrementalcomputationwhichisus…     

A nonlinear programming approach to kinematic shakedown analysis of frictional materials

This paper develops a novel nonlinear numerical method to perform shakedown analysis of structures subjected to variable loads by means of nonlinear programming techniques and the displacement-based finite element method. The analysis is based on a general yield function which can take the form of most soil yield criteria (e.g. the Mohr–Coulomb or Drucker–Prager criterion). Using an associated flow rule, a general yield criterion can be directly introduced into the kinematic theorem of shakedown analysis without linearization. The plastic dissipation power can then be expressed in terms of the kinematically admissible velocity and a nonlinear formulation is obtained. By means of nonlinear mathematical programming techniques and the finite element method, a numerical model for kinematic shakedown analysis is developed as a nonlinear mathematical programming problem subject to only a small number of equality constraints. The objective function corresponds to the plastic dissipation power which is to be minimized and an upper bound to the shakedown load can be calculated. An effective, direct iterative algorithm is then proposed to solve the resulting nonlinear programming problem. The calculation is based on the kinematically admissible velocity with one-step calculation of the elastic stress field. Only a small number of equality constraints are introduced and the computational effort is very modest. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed numerical method have been validated by several numerical examples.     

NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE LIMIT LOADS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS WITH PART-THROUGH SLOTS

A numerical investigation of the limit loads is carried out for pressurevessels with part-through slots using a general computational method for the limitanalysis of 3-D structures.The limit pressures are given for a comprehensive range ofgeometric parameters.Some of the calculated results are compared with the results of3-D elastic-plastic finite element analysis and existing numerical solutions.The effectsof various shapes and sizes of part-through slots on the load carrying capacity ofcylindrical shells are investigated and evaluated.Two kinds of typical failure modescorresponding to different dimensions of slots are studied.Based on the numericalresults,a geometric parameter G which combines the slot dimensions and the cylindergeometry is presented.It reasonably reflects the overall effect of slots on the limit loadsof cylinders.An empirical formula for estimating the limit pressures of cylindricalshells with part-through slots is obtained.     

结构失效模式识别中失效元漂移问题的分析

基于有限元重分析技术，考虑载荷对结构的综合影响，从失效元漂移问题和结构极限承载能力角度出发，对结构可靠性分析中，增量载荷法的加载方式进行了分析和改进，并通过有限元程序进行了对比验证，文后提供了算例。结果表明，改进后的分析方法具有更广泛的应用性，其分析结果具有满意的精确度和良好的稳定性，更适合于实际工程中大型结构系统在多种载荷共同作用下的可靠性失效模式分析。     

极限分析的弹性补偿法及其应用

有限元法与数学规划法相结合，应用极限上、下限定理，将极限分析归结为求解最优化问题，是目前被普遍应用的极限分析方法，但是该方法受到计算能力的限制，难以应用到实际工程问题中。鉴于此，本文介绍一种基于线弹性分析基础上的简单的求解复杂结构极限栽荷下限、上限的方法——弹性补偿法，同时结合三维有限元分析，求解内压下三通结构的极限载荷。通过与弹塑性分析结果比较发现，简单的弹性补偿法能够很好的评估复杂三雏结构的塑性承载能力。     

功能梯度材料板件三维分析的半解析梯度有限元法

将半解析有限元与梯度有限元相结合,形成一种半解析梯度有限元来求解功能梯度材料板件问题。该方法兼有有限元法的适应性强、程序统一,半解析有限元法的节省单元与计算工作量,梯度有限元法的适应构件内部材料性能任意梯度分布等特点,并实现用一维数值计算给出构件三维分析结果。算例分析表明了方法的精度、功能与上述特点,充分揭示了功能梯度材料板件力学响应的三维形态。半解析梯度有限元法可推广应用到其他功能梯度材料面结构的各类分析中。