周期Riccati型方程解的振动性及其渐挥性

本文主要利用Ｂｒｏｕｗｅｒ不动点定理和解的交差化积的方法，研究下列周期Ｒｉｃｃａｔｉ型方程ｙ＝ｆ（ｔ，ｙ）＝Ａ（ｔ）ｙ＾ｍ＋Ｂ（ｔ）ｙ＋Ｃ（ｔ）（ｍ≥２，ｍ∈Ｎ）其中，Ａ（ｔ）、Ｂ（ｔ）和Ｃ（ｔ）均是以ω为周期的连续函数，ω〉０解的振动性渐近性，不仅得以了方程（＊＊）的非振动解与其ω周期解之间的渐近关系，而且得到了方程（＊＊）存在振动解的必要条件和充分条件。     

Kupershmidt浅水波方程的线性化,相似约化和孤波解

利用未知函数变换方法，找到了Ｋｕｐｅｒｓｈｍｉｄｔ方程到Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ方程及热传导方程间的Ｂａｃｋｌｕｎｄ变换并借此给出了Ｋｕｐｅｒｘｈｍｉｄｔ方程四种杨似约化和一组孤波解。     

解析法求解成层渗透各向异性地基Biot固结轴对称问题

采用解析法研究成层渗透各向异性地基,该法从渗透各向异性Ｂｉｏｔ固结轴对称问题的基本方程（静力平衡方程,物理方程及渗透连续方程）出发,利用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ～Ｈａｎｋｅｌ变换及有关矩阵理论等,得到Ｂｉｏｔ固结基本量不同深度之间的传递矩阵。利用传递矩阵,边界条件以及Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ～Ｈａｎｋａｌ逆变换技术可求解多层渗透各向异性地基体系,采用更为有效的Ｆ．Ｄｕｒｂｉｎ的方法实现Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ逆变换。编制了计算     

强非线性系统的亚谐共振解和其转迁集

本文通过非线笥时间变换，引入共振关系式，求出了强非线性振动系统主共振解和亚谐解。进而求得Ｄｕｆｆｉｇｎ方程主共振解以及从主共振取１／３亚谐分岔的转迁集，与ＩＨＢ（Ｉｎｃｃｒｍｅｎｔａｌ Ｈａｒｍｏｎｉｌ Ｂａｌａｎｃｃ）方法的结果比较表明，两者吻合良好。     

求解饱和半空间上弹性圆板固结沉降的积分方程

本文采用解析方法分析了弹性圆板在饮和半空间上的固结沉降。考虑弹性圆板与饮和半空间的接触面上无摩擦力,且饱和半空间表面为全部透水的。运用Ｂｉｏｔ固结理论和积分方程技术,在Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换域上建立了弹性圆板固结沉降的对偶积分方程,并化此对偶积分方程为第二类Ｆｒｅｄｈｏｌｍ积分方程。通过对其核函数的有效数值发得到第二类Ｆｒｅｄｈｏｌｍ积分方程的解,再利用Ｌａｐａｃｅ反演技术获得弹性板在时间域中的固结沉     

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借助Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａ,采用直接约化法获得ＭＤＷＷ方程的３种对称约化．经过一系列变换,将ＭＤＷＷ方程约化为著名的１＋１维Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ方程,进而得到ＭＤＷＷ方程更多形式的约化和若干精确解,其中包括孤波解．     

受有集中力的样条边界元法

本文应用Ｂｅｔｔｉ定理，建立弹性体边界和体内受有有限个集中力时的样条边界积分方程，将集中力的影响表征为边界积分方程中的自由项，从客观实际出发，对具有两套奇性交会的积分方程给出一种方便有效的处理方法，使得集中力下的边界元法得以实施，在样插值基础上，即使稀疏剖分也能给出很高精度的位移场。应力场和未知集中反力。     

促进其线性频散特征另一种形式的Bousinesq方程

Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程能够用于模拟表面重力波传播过程中的折射、绕射、反射以及浅化，非线性作用等现象．用不同垂直积分方法所得到的二维Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程形式具有不同的线性频散特征．采用两个不同的水深层的水平速度变量组合，推导出一个新形式的Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程．通过对其参数的设置可得到精确的线性频散解Ｐａｄｅ近似４阶精度．其适用范围已由原来的浅水，向深水拓进．相速误差小于２％，其拓展适用范围可达到０８个波长水深．应用所得到的新型Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程，采用有限差分法，对经典工况进行了数值模拟，其计算结果表明，计算值与物模实验值吻合较好．这说明本文新形式的Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程对变水深非线性效应所产生的能量频散有着较为精确的描述     

促进其线性频散特征另一种形式的Bousinesq方程

Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程能够用于模拟表面重力波传播过程中的折射、绕射、反射以及浅化，非线性作用等现象．用不同垂直积分方法所得到的二维Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程形式具有不同的线性频散特征．采用两个不同的水深层的水平速度变量组合，推导出一个新形式的Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程．通过对其参数的设置可得到精确的线性频散解Ｐａｄｅ近似４阶精度．其适用范围已由原来的浅水，向深水拓进．相速误差小于２％，其拓展适用范围可达到０８个波长水深．应用所得到的新型Ｂｏｕｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程，采用有限差分法，对经典工况进行了数值模拟，其计算结果表明，计算值与物模实验值吻合较好．这说明本文新形式的Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程对变水深非线性效应所产生的能量频散有着较为精确的描述     

论Vacco模型与Chetaev模型之间的关系

本文在深入研究非完整约束的几何性质和力学性质的基础上：（１）应用经典的Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理推导出Ｖａｃｃｏ方程；（２）在Ｖａｃｃｏ方程的基础上，应用判定理想约束的力学原理，推导出Ｃｈｅｔａｅｖ条件，实现了从Ｖａｃｃｏ模型向Ｃｈｅｔａｅｖ模型的过渡；（３）论证了Ｖａｃｃｏ模型与Ｃｈｅｔａｅｖ模型是相辅相成的，从而统一了这两种模型。     

Correlation equations for friction factors and convective coefficients in tubes containing bundles of internal, longitudinal fins

Finned tubes are commonly employed in tubular heat exchangers to augment the heat transfer rates between two dissimilar fluid streams. The goal of this study is two-fold: a) to determine the laminar, fully developed velocity and temperature fields for long, internal, longitudinal finned tubes; and b) to construct empirical correlation equations applicable for the asymptotic friction factor and the asymptotic Nusselt numbers as a function of the number of fins and the relative fin height in the bundle. Neither the fluid dynamics nor the heat transfer literature provides information for the second goal, which can be extremely useful to thermal engineers for the implementation of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) of internal, longitudinal finned tubes in heat exchange devices. Moreover, for the validity of the correlation equations, a seldom adopted criterion for the critical Reynolds number has also been introduced as an indispensable guideline to warrant laminar regimes. Received on 24 January 1997     

Unsteady flow of an elastico-viscous fluid in tubes of uniform cross-section

In this paper, the uniqueness of solution for internal bounded unsteady flows of a shortmemory fluid is first established. Closed-form solutions are then obtained for the equations characterizing flows of such fluids in circular and rectangular tubes of uniform cross-section under an arbitrary pressure gradient. Special cases including the oscillatory flow between two parallel plates are discussed.     

WAVE PROPAGATION IN A SYSTEM OF COAXIAL TUBES FILLED WITH INCOMPRESSIBLE MEDIA: A MODEL OF PULSE TRANSMISSION IN THE INTRACRANIAL ARTERIES

The propagation of harmonic waves through a system formed of coaxial tubes filled with incompressible continua is considered as a model of arterial pulse propagation in the craniospinal cavity. The inner tube represents a blood vessel and is modelled as a thin-walled membrane shell. The outer tube is assumed to be rigid to account for the constraint imposed on the vessels by the skull and the vertebrae. We consider two models: in the first model the annulus between the tubes is filled with fluid; in the second model the annulus is filled with a viscoelastic solid separated from the tubes by thin layers of fluid. In both models, the elastic tube is filled with fluid. The motion of the fluid is described by the linearized form of the Navier–Stokes equations, and the motion of the solid by classical elasticity theory. The results show that the wave speed in the system is lower than that for a fluid-filled elastic tube free of any constraint. This is due to the stresses generated to satisfy the condition that the volume in the system has to be conserved. However, the effect of the constraint weakens as the radius of the outer tube is increased, and it should be insignificant for the typical physiological parameter range.     

Relative Permeability Analysis of Tube Bundle Models,Including Capillary Pressure

The analytical equations for calculating two-phase flow, including local capillary pressures, are developed for the bundle of parallel capillary tubes model. The flow equations that are derived were used to calculate dynamic immiscible displacements of oil by water under the constraint of a constant overall pressure drop across the tube bundle. Expressions for averaged fluid pressure gradients and total flow rates are developed, and relative permeabilities are calculated directly from the two-phase form of Darcy's law. The effects of pressure drop and viscosity ratio on the relative permeabilities are discussed. Capillary pressure as a function of water saturation was delineated for several cases and compared to a steady-state mercury-injection drainage type of capillary pressure profile. The bundle of serial tubes model (a model containing tubes whose diameters change randomly at periodic intervals along the direction of flow), including local Young-Laplace capillary pressures, was analyzed with respect to obtaining relative permeabilities and macroscopic capillary pressures. Relative permeabilities for the bundle of parallel tubes model were seen to be significantly affected by altering the overall pressure drop and the viscosity ratio; relative permeabilities for the bundle of serial tubes were seen to be relatively insensitive to viscosity ratio and pressure, and were consistently X-like in profile. This work also considers the standard Leverett (1941) type of capillary pressure versus saturation profile, where drainage of a wetting phase is completed in a step-wise steady fashion; it was delineated for both tube bundle models. Although the expected increase in capillary pressure at low wetting-phase saturation was produced, comparison of the primary-drainage capillary pressure curves with the pseudo-capillary pressure profiles, that are computed directly using the averaged pressures during the displacements, revealed inconsistencies between the two definitions of capillary pressure.     

Motion equations of the dynamic theory of consolidation from the point of view of the theory of transient pipe flows

An elastic fluid-saturated porous medium is modeled as a bundle of parallel cylindrical tubes aligned in a direction parallel to the fluid movement. The pore space is filled with viscous compressible liquid. A cell model and the theory of transient pipe flow are used to derive one-dimensional governing equations in such media. All macroscopic constants in these equations are defined by the individual material constants of the fluid and solid. The interaction force includes an additional term not found in Biot's theory.     

The nonlinear dynamics of elastic tubes conveying a fluid

The Kirchhoff equations for elastic tubes are modified to include the effect of fluid flow. Using the techniques of linear and nonlinear analysis specially developed for the Kirchhoff equations, the effect of the fluid flow on the basic twist-to-writhe instability is investigated. The results suggest an intriguing modification of the bifurcation threshold due to the flow. Beyond threshold the buckled tube acquires a slight curvature which modifies the flow rate and results in a correction to nonlinearity of the amplitude equation governing the deformation dynamics.     

A model of the steady-state motion of suspensions

The authors examine the steady-state one-dimensional motions of suspensions whose particles have a density equal to that of the corresponding dispersion medium. As a whole, the mechanical behavior of such suspensions is described by equations of motion that coincide in form with the Navier-Stokes equations for a certain incompressible fluid whose viscosity is a known function of the particle concentration in the suspensions. To close these equations, the authors postulate a principle of minimum energy dissipation for steady-state motion, which plays the paxt of an equation of state for the suspension. This new equation permits the determination of the spatial distribution in the concentration of solids. Exact solutions are presented for certain variational problems associated with the Poiseuille flow of a fluid of this kind in circular tubes and Couette flows between concentric cylinders and parallel planes. It is shown that in most cases separation of the suspension takes place.     

Instability of mistuned tube-array structures with axial loads

This study examined the instability of mistuned tube-array structures with axial loads. The tube-array structures were used to simulate a heat exchanger. In a heat exchanger, the tubes are frequently affected by hot and cold fluid shock waves. Therefore, the tubes often wear out. This wear may affect the dynamic properties of the tubes and introduce mode localization in the system. This study examined the instability caused by mode localization in a heat exchanger. A system consisting of periodic cooling tubes was used to simulate a coupled periodic structure system. Because each tube is coupled to the adjacent tube through the water, the system can be regarded as a weakly coupled system. The equations of the mistuned system with reference to the fluid effect can be derived using the Galerkin method. The numerical results indicated that the wear may introduce mode localization and instability into a mistuned heat exchanger with fluid.     

Stress-Dependent Porosity and Permeability of Porous Rocks Represented by a Mechanistic Elastic Cylindrical Pore-Shell Model

The stress dependency of the porosity and permeability of porous rocks is described theoretically by representing the preferential flow paths in heterogeneous porous rocks by a bundle of tortuous cylindrical elastic tubes. A Lamé-type equation is applied to relate the radial displacement of the internal wall of the cylindrical elastic tubes and the porosity to the variation of the pore fluid pressure. The variation of the permeability of porous rocks by effective stress is determined by incorporating the radial displacement of the internal wall of the cylindrical elastic tubes into the Kozeny–Carman relationship. The fully analytical solutions of the mechanistic elastic pore-shell model developed by combining the Lamé and Kozeny–Carman equations are shown to lead to very accurate correlations of the stress dependency of both the porosity and the permeability of porous rocks.

     

Unsteady flows with a constant total pressure,described by the equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics

Exact solutions of the equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics describing the class of unsteady flows of an electrically conducting fluid with a constant total pressure are constructed. The solutions are written in the Lagrange coordinate system; arbitrariness in its choice was used to parameterize magnetic field lines. The wide functional arbitrariness the solutions provide a significant variation in the picture of the described fluid motions. An example of unsteady flow of an ideal electrically conducting fluid in a cylindrical channel with fixed magnetic tubes is given.