T形RAC短肢剪力墙抗震性能试验与极限承载力分析

通过对4个缩尺比例为1∶2的不同再生粗骨料取代率、不同轴压比的T形再生混凝土(RAC)短肢剪力墙结构模型进行低周反复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验,分析试验所得模型破坏形态、滞回曲线、正负向特征荷载的变化规律。结果表明,T形RAC短肢剪力墙具有良好的抗震性能;同时,随着再生粗骨料取代率的增加,滞回性能等指标逐渐增强,而随着轴压比的增大,各指标逐渐减小。最后,通过试验结果分析,建立了T形RAC短肢剪力墙正截面极限承载力计算公式,并在此基础之上推导了其水平极限承载力计算公式。利用所建公式对4个模型水平极限承载力进行计算,所得结果与试验结果基本吻合,平均误差仅为9.45%。上述结果表明:该公式能够应用于实际T形RAC短肢剪力墙的设计计算之中。     

Numerical solution of axisymmetric cavity flows using the boundary element method

This paper presents a formulation of the boundary element method (BEM) for solution of axisymmetric cavity flow problems. The governing equation is written in terms of Stokes' stream function, requiring a new fundamental solution to be found. The iterative procedure for adjusting the free-surface position is similar to that used for planar cavity flows. Numerical results are compared with finite difference and finite element solutions, showing the robustness of the BEM model.     

空腔厚度对现场发泡夹心墙抗震性能影响分析

为研究空腔厚度对现场发泡夹心墙平面内、平面外抗震性能的影响,对20 片现场发泡夹心墙和2 片实心墙进行平面内、平面外受力的数值试验和模型试验,并验证数值试验的正确性和有效性. 对不同空腔厚度的现场发泡夹心墙进行平面内、平面外受力的数值试验研究. 结果表明平面内受力时,对相对位移差的影响最明显,平面外受力时,对承载力的影响最明显. 总体上看,对平面内的影响要大于对平面外的影响. 墙体的协调变形能力随空腔厚度的增加而明显降低,因此建议在高烈度区现场发泡夹心墙的空腔厚度不宜大于100 mm.     

Finite deformation thermo-mechanical behavior of thermally induced shape memory polymers

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are polymers that can demonstrate programmable shape memory effects. Typically, an SMP is pre-deformed from an initial shape to a deformed shape by applying a mechanical load at the temperature T_H>T_g. It will maintain this deformed shape after subsequently lowering the temperature to T_L<T_g and removing the externally mechanical load. The shape memory effect is activated by increasing the temperature to T_D>T_g, where the initial shape is recovered. In this paper, the finite deformation thermo-mechanical behaviors of amorphous SMPs are experimentally investigated. Based on the experimental observations and an understanding of the underlying physical mechanism of the shape memory behavior, a three-dimensional (3D) constitutive model is developed to describe the finite deformation thermo-mechanical response of SMPs. The model in this paper has been implemented into an ABAQUS user material subroutine (UMAT) for finite element analysis, and numerical simulations of the thermo-mechanical experiments verify the efficiency of the model. This model will serve as a modeling tool for the design of more complicated SMP-based structures and devices.     

Characterization of hysteretic stress-strain behavior using the integrated Preisach density

In this paper, we introduce the concept of Integrated Preisach-Mayergoyz (IPM) density to analyze static uniaxial compression tests at values well below the critical strength, and to characterize the elasticity of materials with hysteresis in their stress-strain relationship. The IPM density can be deduced from a particular force protocol following basic data treatment. The advantage of the IPM density over prior approaches is that no second order differentiation of the data is required which reduces the errors and uncertainties typical for past practice in the specific context of rock elasticity using scanning curves and PM density analysis. The characterization of the elasticity of the material is established in terms of a non-hysteretic strain contribution in the form of a non-linear but reversible equation of state, and a hysteretic contribution represented by the IPM density. The IPM inversion procedure is tested for simulated stress-strain data subjected to additive noise, and the results are compared to the traditional methodology. In addition, we analyze the hysteretic and non-hysteretic characteristics of five natural building stones, and show evidence for a classification based on the inferred properties.     

框支剪力墙结构在地震力作用下弹塑性分析的有限元方法

建立了框支剪力墙结构弹塑性分析的有限元模型,采用有旋转自由度的高精度平面单元分析钢筋混凝土墙体在地震力作用下混凝土开裂、屈服和钢筋屈服的破损过程,为钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙的抗震设计提供较精确的分析方法。     

Anomalous behavior revisited: Dynamic response of elastic-plastic structures

Based on the minimum principle of acceleration in the elastic-plastic continua under finite deformation, the dynamic response of an elastic-perfectly plastic pin-ended beam subjected to rectangular impulse loading is studied with the help of a numerical approach. The calculated results once again show the anomalous behavior of the beam during its response process, which was previously found in [1]. By carefully analyzing the instantaneous distribution of the bending moment, the membrane force, the curvature and displacement during the response process, it is concluded that the interactive effect between the geometry and materials nonlinearities of the structure is the key reason for leading to the anomalous behavior. This will be helpful for clarifying some misunderstandings in explaining the problem before. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Quasi-static tensile deformation and fracture behavior of a highly particle-filled composite using digital image correlation method

Polymer bonded explosives (PBXs) are highly particle-filled composite materials. This paper experimentally studies the tensile deformation and fracture behavior of a PBX simulation by using the semi-circular bending (SCB) test. The deformation and fracture process of a pre-notched SCB sample with a random speckle pattern is recorded by a charge coupled device camera. The displacement and strain fields on the observed surface during the loading process are obtained by using the digital image correlation method. The crack opening displacement is calculated from the displacement fields, the initiation and propagation of the crack are analyzed. In addition, the damage evolution and fracture mechanisms of the SCB sample are analyzed according to the strain fields and the correlation coefficient fields at different loading steps.     

Identification of the plastic behavior of aluminum plates under free air explosions using inverse methods and full-field measurements

This article describes an inverse method for the identification of the plastic behavior of aluminum plates subjected to sudden blast loads. The method uses full-field optical measurements taken during the first milliseconds of a free air explosion and the finite element method for the numerical prediction of the blast response. The identification is based on a damped least-squares solution according to the Levenberg–Marquardt formulation. Three different rate-dependent plasticity models are examined. First, a combined model based on linear strain hardening and the strain rate term of the Cowper–Symonds model, secondly, the Johnson–Cook model and finally, a combined model based on a bi-exponential relation for the strain hardening term and the strain rate term of the Cowper–Symonds model. A validation of the method and its sensitivity to measurement uncertainties is first provided according to virtual measurements generated with the finite element method. Next, the plastic behavior of aluminum is identified using measurements from real free air explosions obtained from a controlled detonation of C4. The results show that inverse methods can be successfully applied for the identification of the plastic behavior of metals subjected to blast waves. In addition, the material parameters identified with inverse methods enable the numerical prediction of the material’s response with increased accuracy.