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1.
左宏  陈宜亨 《力学学报》1999,31(4):493-497
通过对微裂纹屏蔽不同来源的分析及计算,发现在各向同性脆性材料中,残余应力释放引起的微裂纹对主裂尖产生最大屏蔽效应时该微裂纹的倾角与最大张应力的方向没有明显的对应关系.在Hutchinson[1]所指出的屏蔽效应的第二个来源中,还应计及微裂纹形成引起的远场应力在微裂纹处产生的应力场的释放从而导致应力场的再分布.  相似文献   

2.
均匀材料无裂纹时沿封闭路径的J积分为零,层状非均匀材料无裂纹时沿封闭路径的J积分通常不为零且与路径相关。在位移载荷保持不变条件下引入裂纹会使J积分改变,本文分析引入裂纹所导致的远场J积分变化量,即有裂纹时与无裂纹时沿同一远场路径的J积分之差,其值等于裂尖J积分与界面J积分变化量之和。对于层状非均匀材料,虽然无裂纹时和有裂纹时的远场J积分、界面J积分都与路径相关,但当积分路径远离裂尖后,有裂纹与无裂纹时的远场J积分之差、界面J积分之差与路径无关,引入裂纹所引起的远场J积分变化量等于边界应变能密度释放量沿边界的积分。对于均匀材料半无限大平面的边裂纹,裂纹能量释放率等于无裂纹时应变能密度与8倍裂纹长度的乘积;对于层状材料的边裂纹,裂纹能量释放率等于应变能密度释放量沿边界的积分减去界面J积分变化量。  相似文献   

3.
陈宜亨  赵利果 《力学学报》1997,29(3):359-364
用理论推导和电算实践证明,尽管两相材料界面裂纹J积分的显函数表达式与均质材料中不同,尽管界面裂纹尖端固有的 1/2+iε振荡奇异性和张开滑移型固有的耦合造成近尖区应力场分布的复杂性,但作者在均质材料微裂纹屏蔽问题中发现的J积分再分配关系 Jk矢量投影守恒定理在两相材料界面微裂纹屏蔽问题中仍然成立.这再次说明,远场J积分向界面裂纹尖端传递过程中跨越微裂纹群是有损失的.这个损失可用Jk矢量在界面裂纹延线坐标轴上的投影来定量地评估  相似文献   

4.
高山  王晓明  沈亚鹏 《力学学报》1997,29(3):287-295
采用复势函数的位错解方法,通过对奇异积分方程的建立和数值求解,研究了界面主裂纹同界面及基体微裂纹之间的干涉.结果表明远场载荷角ψ同Dunder’s参数α对界面微裂纹及基体中水平微裂纹同主裂纹干涉的影响都很显著,而ψ对屏蔽区的影响则远小于α对其的影响  相似文献   

5.
弹性T项对裂尖参数和裂纹扩展路径稳定性的作用   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
研究了弹性T项在主裂纹与近裂尖微空洞干涉问题中对裂尖参数和裂纹扩展路径稳定性的影响作用.利用“伪力”法,并通过解决主裂纹与近裂尖微空洞干涉问题,对远场纯1型载荷和远场弹性T项载荷下,该干涉问题中弹性T项的影响作用进行了分析从数值结果可以看出:由于空洞的存在;释放了弹性T项所引起的应力,弹性T项对裂尖参数;应力强度因子和J积分都有直接显著的影响,因而,它对该载荷下的裂纹扩展路径的稳定性有控制作用。  相似文献   

6.
微裂纹屏蔽问题中守恒积分投影关系   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
对连续体损伤力学在微裂纹屏蔽问题中应用的J积分守情理假设提出质疑,用理论分析和电算实践证明了远场J积分在微裂纹损伤区中的再分配关系。即JK矢量的投影守恒关系。在这一关系中,被Herrmann所轻视的J2分量起着十分重要的作用,本文的研究表明,Ortiz理论应考虑到远场J积分在损伤区中的损失,并通过计及这一损失做出必要的修正。  相似文献   

7.
金江  盛季生 《力学季刊》2004,25(1):56-61
本文利用超声波断口图技术对不同类型的PMMA试件进行了测试。这些试件为承受均匀拉伸或三点弯曲变形的带单侧贯穿裂纹的PMMA板,其中拉伸试件又分为光面和带表面沟槽的两种。得到了这些试件断口上的超声波线。发现它们为平面线.其凸凹方向与试件的表面状态有关。基于有限元法,计算了试件的三维J积分,考察了杨氏模量和泊松比对其的影响.结果发现泊松比影响J积分曲线形状,而杨氏模量只影响其绝对数值,不影响其曲线形状。得到的试件在不同裂纹长度下的三维J积分与它们断口图上的超声波线的形状和凸凹方向相似。说明在脆性材料中,扩展裂纹前缘曲线形态是三维J积分的作用的结果。  相似文献   

8.
带微裂纹物体的有效断裂韧性   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
按照等效介质的思想,引进有效表面能密度的概念,建立了带微裂纹物体有效断裂韧性的公式.具体计算了微裂纹群分别平行和垂直于宏观裂纹两种情况的减韧比.表明微裂纹群在产生应力屏蔽(或反屏蔽)效应的同时,也降低了材料的有效断裂韧性,减小了对宏观裂纹的扩展阻力.  相似文献   

9.
研究了材料中楔型向错偶极子与楔型裂纹的弹性干涉问题. 运用复变函数方法获得了复势函 数和应力场的封闭形式解答,导出了楔型裂纹尖端应力强度因子的解析表达式. 讨论了向错 偶极子的位置、方向和偶臂长度对楔型裂纹尖端应力强度因子的屏蔽和反屏蔽作用规律. 研 究结果表明,向错偶极子靠近裂纹尖端时,对应力强度因子的屏蔽或反屏蔽作用非常强烈. 在一定条件下,楔型向错偶极子能够延缓楔型裂纹的扩展;偶极子的方向也存在一个临界值 使其对应力强度因子的屏蔽或反屏蔽效应最大. 此外,楔型裂纹张开角以及偶极子臂长对应 力强度因子也有较大的影响.  相似文献   

10.
讨论推导J积分和裂纹开口位移(CMOD)的关系,提出了一种通过测量裂纹开口位移(CMOD)估算J积分的方法.以三点弯曲试件冲击断裂试验为例,借助试验高速摄影机对断裂过程的记录影像提取的压头下压位移和裂纹开口位移,运用ABAQUS软件做有限元仿真分析对比,较好的说明了J积分与CMOD的存在正比关系.通过公式可以看出在材料和几何形状不变的情况下其正比关系中因子β是固定值,与远场载荷无关.应用因子β有助于用一个简单加载情况估测受力情况复杂的部件裂纹处的J积分.算例表明,因子β对于J积分的估算偏于保守,这一结论在工程实际应用中有着参考价值.  相似文献   

11.
The J-integral analysis is presented for the interaction problem between a semi-infinite interface crack and subinterface matrix microcracks in dissimilar anisotropic materials. After deriving the fundamental solutions for an interface crack subjected to different loads and the fundamental solutions for an edge dislocation beneath the interface, the interaction problem is deduced to a system of singular integral equations with the aid of a superimposing technique. The integral equations are then solved numerically and a conservation law among three values of the J-integral is presented, which are induced from the interface crack tip, the microcracks and the remote field, respectively. The conservation law not only provides a necessary condition to confirm the numerical results derived, but also reveals that the microcrack shielding effect in such materials could be considered as a redistribution of the remote J-integral. It is this redistribution that does lead to the phenomenological shielding effect.  相似文献   

12.
Summary  The problem of the extension of subinterface microcracks in an infinite metal/ceramic bimaterial solid is studied. For the microcrack growth, the values of the M-integral are calculated under the assumption of a self-similar growth. First, the role that the M-integral plays in a metal/ceramic bimaterial solid with growing subinterface cracks is analyzed. It is concluded that an inherent relation exists between the value of the M-integral and the decrease of the effective elastic moduli for a bimaterial solid with growing subinterface microcracks. Second, it is concluded that mutual amplification and shielding effects exist during the microcrack extension, while they are substantially dependent on the increment of the microcrack length as well as the geometry of the microcrack arrangement under given loads. This strong mutual shielding effect of interacting microcracks makes the microcrack extension become increasingly difficult, and may stop the growth of the microcracks even under constant loads. Also, it is concluded that for a certain microcrack growth, the value of the M-integral in metal/ceramic bimaterial solid is always larger than that in homogeneous brittle solid for the same crack configuration. This means that the same microcrack growth in the former case shows lower stability than that in the latter one, due to the existence of a ductile phase. Received 3 May 2001; accepted for publication 27 June 2002 This work was supported by the Chinese National Nature Science Foundation (Grant 19472053) and supported by the Doctorate Foundation of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Grant DFXJU2000-15).  相似文献   

13.
基于有限元软件ANSYS数值模拟,计算了激光作用下的压电薄膜表面贯穿裂纹外场应力强度因子和电位移强度因子,并且研究了90°畴变所诱致的畴变增韧行为。首先,求解无裂纹压电薄膜在激光作用下的热-力-电响应,将求得的应力和电位移场反向作用于裂纹面,求解裂纹尖端处的外场应力和电位移强度因子,然后基于小范围畴变理论求解了90°畴变所致的屏蔽应力强度因子。讨论了薄膜表面裂纹的外场应力强度因子、电位移强度因子及屏蔽应力强度因子随激光作用时间和裂纹位置的变化关系,从而预测压电薄膜体系在加热工作状况下的裂纹扩展和断裂行为。  相似文献   

14.
Extending the polarization saturation model [Gao et al., 1997. Local and global energy release rates for an electrically yielded crack in a piezoelectric ceramic. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 45, 491-510] and the dielectric breakdown (DB) model [Zhang et al., 2005. The strip dielectric breakdown model. Int. J. Fract. 132, 311-327] in piezoelectric materials, the Strip Electric-Magnetic Breakdown (SEMB) model is proposed for electrically and magnetically impermeable crack in a magnetoelectroelastic medium to study the effect of the nonlinear character of electric field and magnetic field on fracture of magnetoelectroelastic materials. In the SEMB model, the electric field in the strip of the electric breakdown zone ahead of the crack tip is equal to the electric breakdown strength, while the magnetic filed in the strip of the magnetic breakdown zone is equal to the magnetic breakdown strength. By using the extended Stroh formalism and the extended dislocation modeling of a crack, the Griffith crack problem under the electrically and magnetically elastic-plastic condition in a magnetoelectroelastic medium is reduced to a set of dual integral equations. The sizes of the electric breakdown zone and the magnetic breakdown zone, the extended intensity factors and the local J-integral are obtained. The effect of the combined mechanical-electric-magnetic loadings on the local J-integral is studied.  相似文献   

15.
Electric-field-induced fatigue crack growth in pre-cracked PZT ferroelectric ceramics is experimentally investigated in this work. It is found that the crack open and close under an alternating electric field is a major mechanism of crack propagation. The experimental results also show that the frequency, waveform, as well as the amplitude ratio, of the electric loading, play important roles in electric-field-induced fatigue cracking. Empirical formulations of fatigue crack propagation rates are obtained based on the experimental results. It is revealed that the crack grows at a nearly constant rate when the loading frequency is below 100 Hz. However, with the increase of the loading frequency over 125 Hz, the crack propagation rate diminishes rapidly.  相似文献   

16.
摘要:针对纳米晶体材料,研究了单轴拉伸载荷作用下纳米晶体铝中的裂纹与裂纹尖端发射的位错所形成的滑移面之间的相互作用。通过分布位错法,将裂纹和滑移面等效为均匀分布的连续位错,获得了裂纹面上应力场。并引入裂纹尖端的无位错区,研究了裂纹尖端无位错区对微裂纹的萌生和主裂扩展之间的影响。结果表明,不考虑裂纹尖端无位错区时,裂纹长度较短,会先在晶界处形成微裂纹,主裂纹较长时,主裂纹会直接穿晶扩展。滑移面与裂纹尖端夹角较大时,会增加裂纹尖端发射的位错个数,从而抑制主裂纹的扩展。考虑裂纹尖端无位错区时,无位错区先于晶界处出现微裂纹,通过主裂纹与微裂纹之间位错的相互发射,导致裂纹与尖端处微裂纹汇合,有效加速了主裂纹的扩展。  相似文献   

17.
闫相桥 《力学学报》2006,38(1):112-117
提出了平面弹性介质中主裂纹与微裂纹相互作用问题的有效数值计算 方法. 通过把适于单一裂纹的Bueckner原理扩充到含有多裂纹的一般体系,将原问题分解 为承受远处载荷不含裂纹的均匀问题,和在远处不承受载荷但在裂纹面上承受面力的多裂纹 问题. 于是,以应力强度因子作为参量的问题可以通过考虑后者(多裂纹问题)来解决,而 利用提出的杂交位移不连续法,这种多裂纹问题是容易数值求解的. 列举 Cai和 Faber为评价主裂纹与微裂纹相互作用问题的近似方法而列举的算例,说明 该数值方法对分析平面弹性介质中主裂纹与微裂纹相互作用问题既简单又非常有效.  相似文献   

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