固体火箭发动机柔性接头摆动密封可靠性研究

柔性接头由弹性件与增强件交替粘接而成,是固体火箭发动机进行推力矢量控制的重要装置,因而柔性接头的摆动密封性能对固体火箭发动机而言至关重要。为研究固体火箭发动机柔性接头摆动过程中的密封可靠性,以内聚力模型作为粘接界面的本构模型,通过计算柔性接头各界面的损伤情况及界面间的接触应力,并定义界面节点单元间、界面间以及柔性接头的密封状态,结合可靠性理论提出了一种计算柔性接头摆动密封可靠度的方法。以某柔性接头为算例,分析了工作过程中容压和摆角对柔性接头摆动密封可靠度的影响规律。结果表明：柔性接头界面中,与后法兰粘接的界面最易发生损伤,同时密封可靠度也最低,而中间界面密封可靠度最高;当摆角在2°以内时,界面密封性能最佳,当摆角大于2°时,随着摆角增加,柔性接头密封可靠度呈迅速下降趋势,而当容压增加时,柔性接头密封可靠度呈现先减小后增大规律,容压2MPa左右下柔性接头密封可靠性最差。同时,界面间的剪切载荷是影响柔性接头摆动密封可靠度的主要因素。以上规律可对柔性接头的设计、计算分析提供依据。     

考虑空间变异性的框架结构可靠度分析方法

空间变异性是结构参数的固有属性，对于工程结构的随机响应和可靠度分析具有重要影响。结合随机场离散的局部平均理论和随机响应分析的摄动随机有限元法，提出一种考虑参数空间变异性的平面框架结构可靠度分析方法，并定量分析了参数空间变异性对结构可靠度的影响规律。首先，考虑随机因素的空间变异性，采用二维线性随机场离散的局部平均理论将平面框架结构的连续随机场离散为一组随机变量，并通过理论推导建立了随机场局部平均间协方差矩阵的二重积分表达式；然后，采用摄动随机有限元法分析结构随机响应及其对基本随机变量的梯度向量，并利用可靠度分析的梯度优化法计算结构可靠指标，从而提出了一种考虑参数空间变异性的平面框架结构可靠度分析方法。分析表明，该方法具有较高的计算精度和计算效率；随机场离散的局部平均理论对相关结构类型不敏感；随着随机场相关偏度和变异性的增大，框架结构的可靠指标逐渐减小，说明结构参数的空间变异性对结构可靠度的影响不容忽视。     

混凝土结构温度徐变应力的首次超越可靠度

基于随机有限元法，充分考虑大体积混凝土结构徐变温度应力计算中的各种随机因素，视混凝土温度场，弹模，徐变度以及抗力等为非平稳随机过程，针对非线性功能函数情况，首次提出了大体积混凝土结构随机温度徐变应力首次超越可靠度的计算方法，该方法可以方便地退化为求解任一时刻混凝土结构的静态可靠度。     

弹性力学平面问题可靠度分析的蒙特卡罗边界元法

以样条虚边界元法作为样本试验方法,采用蒙特卡罗法进行弹性力学平面问题可靠度分析.为了提高计算效率,引入Taylor展开和Neumann展开技术,避免在大量样本计算中直接生成影响矩阵及对其进行求逆运算,降低了单次样本计算时间;同时引入重要抽样技术,在相同精度情况下减少了蒙特卡罗法的抽取样本数.算例结果表明,该文提出的Taylor-Neumann展开重要抽样蒙特卡罗样条虚边界元法具有良好的计算精度和相当高的计算效率.     

升船机结构抗震可靠度分析中若干问题的探讨

本文基于结构随机振动理论和首次超越破坏机制，以某大型升船机建筑结构为背景，应用三维有限元方法，首先对升船机建筑结构的随机地震反应问题进行了计算。在此基础上，对在不同地震烈度下大型升船机建筑结构的抗震可靠度及界限值的随机性对结构抗震可靠度的影响等问题进行了分析，探讨了基于Poisson过程假定和基于Markov过程假定的可靠度在不同地震烈度下的适用性、以及确定性界限和随机性界限对可靠度结果的影响等问题，得到了一些有应用价值的结果。最后，对在8、9度地震烈度下大型升船机建筑结构抗震可靠度分析模型的选用提出了建议。     

抗震结构弹塑性变形能力可靠度时域随机算法

采用杆系-层模型，将计算结构静力可靠度的改进的JC法、常规有限元法及时程分析法相结合，建立了抗震结构弹塑性变形能力可靠度时域随机算法。本文方法可充分考虑结构参数及地震作用的随机性以及地震作用与静载的共同影响；可对结构侧向变形能力作地震全过程弹塑性时变可靠度分析。采用本文方法及MC模拟算法分析了一榀三层铪框架侧向变形能力弹塑性时变可靠度，结果表明了本文方法的合理性与有效性。     

随机过程激励下随机结构系统可靠度分析的一种方法

提出了随机过程荷载激励下，具有随机参数的结构系统可靠度分析的一种方法，该方法基于首次超越破坏机制，分析随机过程荷载激励下，结构参数（随机变量）取某一确定向量时的条件失效概率，采用Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ技术模拟结构参数的随机性，由条件失效概率给出随机结构的无条件失效概率，最后对中方法和程序作了检验，并进行了实际计算。     

简化的机械结构可靠性蒙特卡洛随机边界元法研究

利用随机边界元法来确定机械结构应力分布参数，结合蒙特卡洛方法解决多种随机分布综合作用，本文提出了一种用于机械结构可靠性研究的简化的蒙特卡洛可靠性随机边界元法。该叶有效地降低了重复结构分析次数，适用于快速估算复杂结构多种强度和应力分布的结构可靠度。     

随机有限元法分析重力坝可靠度初探

本文用随机有限元法初步探讨了混凝土重力坝的可靠度计算,用抽样的方法对重力坝施行随机自动剖分,研究其可靠指标的统计规律和收敛于真解的规律性....     

基于概率密度演化方法的随机结构可靠度分析

随机结构反应的概率密度演化方法能够给出随机荷载作用下随机结构反应的概率密度函数。在此基础上，根据给定的正常使用位移限值要求，直接进行积分给出了随机结构的正常使用可靠度及其失效概率。在实例分析中，与一类情况下的精确解答及基于反应正态分布假定的二阶矩方法分析结果进行了比较。研究表明：基于密度演化方法的随机结构可靠度分析具有很高的精度，而二阶矩方法的可靠度分析结果则往往具有一定的偏差，在失效概率较低时可能给出虚假的失效概率。     

Application of a 3-D FEM/FDM Overlapping Scheme to Heat and Mass Transfer and Moving-Boundary Problems

A 3-D FEM/FDM overlapping scheme for viscous, incompressible flow problems is presented that combines the finite element method, which is best suited to analyze flow in any arbitrarily shaped flow geometry, with the finite difference method, which is advantageous in both computing time and computer storage. The combination of both methods enables large-scale viscous flow to be analyzed, which is crucial both for detailed analysis of 3-D flows and for solving flow problems around moving bodies, A modified ABM AC method is used as the basic algorithm, to which a sophisticated time integration scheme, proposed by the present authors, has been applied. In this paper, some numerical results including 3-D heat and mass transfer problem and moving-boundary problems are presented.     

ELASTO-PLASTIC COUPLED ANALYSIS OF BURIED STRUCTURE AND SOIL MEDIUM BY PERTURBATIONAL SEMI-ANALYTIC METHOD

I.IntroductionMoreandmoreelasto-plasticanalysesareusedinCivilEngineering.TheMohr-Coulombyieldconditionisoftenappliedtorockandsoilmediumtostudythesituationofdestruction.Theperturbationalmethodwasfirstusedinthestudyofcelestialmechanics,thenithasbeenusedinsolidmechanicstocarryoutthegeometricallyandphysicallynonlinearanalysis[']'12].Forlarge?scalcproblems,thegeneralnumericalmethodsmaynotbeapttothiscomplexcalculation,butsemi-analyticalmethodscandoitwell.Touseanalyticalfunctionsinoneortwodirectio…     

Sensitivity analysis for 3-D elastoplastic structural reliability

By taking the elastoplastic effect of structural material into account and based on 3-D elastoplastic stochastic finite element method, methods for sensitivity analysis with respect to both the distribution parameters of random variables and parameters in the limit state function are suggested. In the incremental iterative calculation, the sub-increment changingK, method and the corresponding formulas for accelerating convergence are used. The sensitivity of 3-D structural system reliability with respect to random variables is also studied.     

Consistent vs. reduced integration penalty methods for incompressible media using several old and new elements

The frequently used reduced integration method for solving incompressible flow problems ‘a la penalty’ is critically examined vis-a-vis the consistent penalty method. For the limited number of quadrilateral and hexahedral elements studied, it is shown that the former method is only equivalent to the latter in certain special cases. In the general case, the consistent penalty method is shown to be more accurate. Finally, we demonstrate significant advantages of a new element, employing biquadratic (2-D) or triquadratic (3-D) velocity and linear pressure over that using the same velocity but employing bilinear (2-D) or trilinear (3-D) pressure approximation.     

Reduction of dimensions in random,elastic soil medium

The paper deals with an application of the plane strain analysis in a stochastic three-dimensional soil medium. In a framework of random elasticity theory, the geostatical state of stresses and the problem of a unit force acting in a statistically homogeneous half-space are considered. Only the modulus of elasticity is considered to be random and is modelled as a three-dimensional (3-D) homogeneous random field. As the result of imposed constrains due to the plane strain assumption the additional body and surface forces are induced. In order to determine them, additional equations must be introduced. The equations in a form of constrain relations are proposed in this paper. These equations are also valid for a case of uniformly distributed external loading.First, the two-dimensional (2-D) problem and its reduction to the uni-axial strain state, for the gravity forces and uniform, unlimited surface loading is considered. Then, it is generalised into a 2-D schematization of the 3-D state. Next, the problem of a unit force acting in a statistically homogeneous half-space is considered. For a 3-D state of stress and strain the resulting stresses are compared with those for a 2-D state. These stresses for the multidimensional state of strain and stress are presented as a sum of two components. The first one reflects plane strain state stresses and is given in a form of a 3-D random field. This term allows for incorporating a spatial, 3-D soil variability into a two-dimensional analysis. The second component can be treated as a correction term and it represents the longitudinal influence of a 3-D analysis.Some numerical results are presented in this paper. The proposed method can be regarded as a framework for further research aiming at application to a variety of geotechnical problems, for which the plane strain state is assumed.     

Unitive analysis schemes on problems of multiple moving boundaries with 3-D liquid-solid multiple nonlinear coupling for uplift of anchored liquid storage tanks

I.Intr0ducti0nAnchored1iquidstoragetanksareextensivelyusedinbusiness,nuclearpowerplants,spaceflightandpetrochemicalindustry.Theystoragepetrochemicalproductions0fover9Opercentintheworld.Theanchoredliquidstoragetanksarecontinuelydamagedduringearthquakestoha…     

求解三维裂纹前缘SIF分布时间历程的通用权函数法和有限变分法

将三维热权函数法扩展为适用于表面力、体积力和温度载荷的通用权函数法(UWF).推导出以变分型积分方程表达的UWF法基本方程,从变分的角度,将求解三维热权函数法基本方程的多虚拟裂纹扩展法(MVCE)改造为可以适用于一般的变分型积分方程的一类新型数值方法--有限变分法(FVM).在FVM中可以引入无穷多种线性无关的局部变分模式,可以根据计算要求在求解域中插入任意多个计算节点,单一型裂纹问题FVM所得到的最终方程组的系数矩阵总是一个对称的窄带矩阵,而且对角元总是大数,具有良好的数值计算性能.FVM对于SIF沿裂纹前缘急剧变化的复杂情况具有较好的数值模拟能力和较高的计算精度,利用自身一致性,可以求得三维裂纹前缘SIF的高精度解.     

多层复合壳体三维振动分析的谱——微分求积混合法

对于较厚的多层复合壳体,其振动位移沿厚度方向呈锯齿形变化且层间剪切和拉、压应力呈三维耦合状态,采用传统的等效单层理论分析已不能满足精度要求. 建立不受结构厚度、铺层材料性质和铺层方式限制的三维分析方法具有重要的研究价值. 本文以独立铺层为建模对象,结合广义谱方法与微分求积技术建立了一种适用一般边界条件和铺层方式的多层复合壳体三维分析新方法——谱--微分求积混合法. 该方法应用三维弹性理论对独立铺层进行精确建模,有效克服了二维简化理论对横向变形以及层间应力估计不确切的缺点;引入微分求积技术对铺层进行数值离散,将三维偏微分问题转化为二维偏微分问题,降低了求解维度和难度;应用广义谱方法近似地表述离散计算面上的场变量,将获取的二维偏微分方程转化为以场变量谱展开系数为未知量的线性代数方程组,避免了对超越方程的求解. 数值验证结果表明该方法收敛性好,计算精度高.      

Reliability of elasto-plastic structure using finite element method

A solution of probabilistic FEM for elastic-plastic materials is presented based on the incremental theory of plasticity and a modified initial stress method. The formulations are deduced through a direct differentiation scheme. Partial differentiation of displacement, stress and the performance function can be iteratively performed with the computation of the mean values of displacement and stress. The presented method enjoys the efficiency of both the perturbation method and the finite difference method, but avoids the approximation during the partial differentiation calculation. In order to improve the efficiency, the adjoint vector method is introduced to calculate the differentiation of stress and displacement with respect to random variables. In addition, a time-saving computational method for reliability index of elastic-plastic materials is suggested based upon the advanced First Order Second Moment (FOSM) and by the usage of Taylor expansion for displacement. The suggested method is also applicable to 3-D cases. The project supported by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (HKUST 722196E, 6039197E), the National Natural Science Foundation of China(59809003) and the Foundation of University Key Teacher by the Chinese Ministry of Education     

基于径向基函数配点法的梁板弯曲问题分析

采用径向基函数配点法分析考虑剪切效应的梁板弯曲问题,该方法利用径向基函数作为近似函数,基于配点法离散方程,通过最小二乘法求解。径向基函数配点法在离散和计算过程中不需要任何形式的网格划分,是一种真正的无网格法;径向基函数可以用一元函数来描述多元函数,存在明显的储存和运算简单的特点;而基于配点法求解不需要积分,提高了计算效率。分析考虑剪切效应的薄梁板问题时,传统的有限元法或无网格法求解均会存在剪切锁闭问题,而径向基函数在全域内存在无限连续性,能够准确地满足Kirchhoff约束条件,因此径向基函数配点法能够消除剪切锁闭现象,而且不会出现应力波动。该方法的优势在于,其不仅易于离散、精度高,而且具有指数收敛率,计算效率高。数值算例验证了上述结论和该方法的稳定性。