高速荷载下多孔饱和地基的动力响应

研究高速荷载作用下梁与多孔饱和半空间的动力响应。由Fourier变换求解多孔饱和固体的动力基本方程，根据梁与半空间的接触条件得出多孔饱和半空间上梁的垂直位移的表达式。文中的数值算例考虑了荷载移动速度对梁的动力位移的影响，并与相应的弹性半空间问题作了对比。从算例中可以发现荷载移动速度对动力位移有很大的影响，当移动速度与半空间的表面波速相近时，地面会当产生很大的振动，同时还发现当速度大于介质的剪切波速时，多孔饱和半空间上梁的动力响应与弹性半空间上梁的动力响应有很大的差别。     

矩形移动荷载作用下饱和-非饱和土双层地基的动力响应分析

考虑地基为饱和-非饱和土双层半空间,利用连续介质力学和多相孔隙介质理论,构建双层地基的统一动力控制方程并进行耦合求解。利用Dirac-delta函数和Heaviside阶跃函数将矩形移动荷载作用描述为时间和空间坐标的解析函数,将荷载函数代入地基动力控制方程,采用三重Fourier变换以及降阶法进行求解,并对推导结果进行退化验证及对饱和-非饱和土双层地基的动力响应进行分析。研究表明,当荷载移动速度小于瑞利波速时,竖向振动峰值很小,振幅随速度的增大发生小幅增涨,但当荷载速度达到瑞利波速时,竖向振动发生激增;随着速度进一步增大,竖向位移多次出现峰点。非饱和土的饱和度及土层厚度也对地基振幅存在显著影响。     

受移动简谐力作用的多孔弹性半平面问题

研究了匀速移动的振动荷载作用下半无限多孔饱和固体中产生的应力和孔隙水压力．应用Fourier变换求解该问题的控制偏微分方程,考虑了荷载的移动速度及振动频率对多孔饱和固体中应力与孔隙水压力的影响,并与相应的弹性介质的解答进行了比较．结果显示多孔饱和半平面中应力和孔隙水压力随荷载的移动速度与振动频率的增加而增大,多孔饱和固体在移动荷载下的动力响应与相应的单相弹性固体的动力响应有较大的差别。     

高速移动简谐荷载下层状多孔饱和固体的动力响应

本文研究了匀速移动的振动荷载作用下层状多孔饱和固体的动力响应。应用Fourier变换求解该问题的控制偏微分方程,首先考虑了荷载的移动速度及振动频率对单层多孔饱和固体中应力与孔隙水压力的影响,并与相应的弹性介质的解答和半平面解答进行了比较;然后运用精确刚度矩阵法求解了层状多孔饱和固体的应力响应,并与单层问题进行了比较。结果显示层状多孔饱和固体中应力和孔隙水压力随荷载的移动速度的增加而明显变化,层状多孔饱和固体在移动荷载下的动力响应与相应的单相弹性固体和半平面固体的动力响应有较大的差别。     

移动荷载下路面板-层状多相弹性地基的稳态响应

考虑路面板和地基的相互作用,将路面板作为三维弹性体,建立路面板-层状多相弹性地基动力响应的三维多相层状弹性半空间体模型,分析了移动荷载作用下路面板-多相弹性地基系统的动力响应.将移动单元法引入到两相饱和弹性介质的半解析方法中,构造了随荷载按照相同速度运动的移动层单元,基于移动坐标下两相饱和弹性介质的动力控制方程和边界条件,应用加权残数法建立了两相弹性介质移动层单元动力方程,该方程可退化为单相弹性介质移动层单元动力方程,基于此,建立了移动荷载下多相弹性地基与路面板系统的三维动态响应的统一的半解析方程.并以两相饱和弹性半空间地基-单相弹性地基-路面板所形成的路面结构为例,数值分析了荷载速度、饱和层渗透系数、弹性层厚度等参数对路面板位移和土体孔压响应的影响.研究结果表明移动单元法是研究移动荷载下路面结构动态响应的一种有效的方法.     

移动荷载下单相弹性地基三维稳态响应

针对移动荷载对地基产生振动影响的问题，研究了移动荷载作用下弹性地基的动力响应。将移动单元法引入到单相弹性土介质的半解析方法中，构造了随荷载按照相同速度运动的移动层单元，基于移动坐标下弹性土介质的动力控制方程和边界条件，应用加权残数法建立了在移动荷载下单相弹性地基的三维动态响应半解析方程，将固定坐标下的动力问题转化为移动坐标下的拟静力问题。数值分析了荷载移动速度、地基阻尼等参数对地基动力响应的影响。本文工作表明，在半解析法中引入移动单元是研究移动荷载下单相介质动态响应的一种有效的方法。     

移动荷载下多孔饱和地基的动力有限单元法

分析了匀速荷载作用下多孔饱和地基的动力响应.通过对Biot动力方程进行变换,将基本方程变换到随荷载移动的运动坐标系中,通过加权残值法推导了相应的"拟静力"单元刚度矩阵,从而建立了移动问题的有限元格式,将动力学问题转化为"拟静力"问题."拟静力"单元或称为移动单元并不是连续介质上的实际单元,而是在连续介质上随着移动荷载运动的虚拟单元.文中考虑了荷载的移动速度对多孔饱和地基中位移及应力的影响,并与解析解作了对比,以说明本方法具有较好的精度.     

简谐移动荷载下单相弹性地基三维动力半解析移动单元分析

由于路面不平整,车辆会以一定的频率和振幅在路面上运动,研究简谐移动荷载作用下单相弹性地基的动态响应具有更加现实的意义。将移动单元法引入到单相弹性介质的半解析方法中,构造了随荷载以相同速度运动的移动层单元。基于移动坐标下单相弹性介质的动力控制方程和边界条件,应用加权残数法建立了简谐移动荷载下单相弹性介质的三维动态响应半解析方程;将固定坐标下的动力问题转化为移动坐标下的拟静力问题,数值分析了简谐移动荷载作用下单相弹性地基的动态响应及其参数的影响。计算结果表明:在简谐移动荷载作用下,当无阻尼或小阻尼时,位移幅值随着速度变化不是单调递增或递减。当速度在瑞利波波速附近时,会出现各位移幅值的极大值(或第一极大值);当阻尼较大时,位移随着速度增加变化缓慢。这说明阻尼和频率的共同作用会有效地抑制位移幅值响应。研究结果表明本文所提供半解析移动单元法是研究简谐移动荷载下介质动态响应的一种简单有效的方法。     

高速移动荷载下黏弹性半空间体的动力响应

分别以移动荷载和黏弹性半空间体模拟运动列车荷载和地基,分析了地基在运动列车作用下的动力响应.首先采用Green函数法求解黏弹性半空间体在各种移动荷载模式作用下的动力响应的解析解,包括恒常和简谐移动点源、线源和面源荷载.然后采用IFFT算法和自适应数值积分算法计算解析解中的二维积分,得到了包括低音速、跨音速和超音速移动荷载作用下位移的数值结果.最后分析了速度对位移的分布和最大值的影响,发现当速度大于Rayleigh波速时,位移发生显著变化.     

移动荷载作用下非局部地基梁动力响应分析的有限元法Dynamic response of beams with nonlocal foundations subjected to moving loads using finite element method

基于非局部地基理论，推导了移动荷载作用下非局部地基梁动力响应问题的有限元解，分别讨论了地基的非局部参数、刚度、阻尼系数以及移动荷载速度对非局部地基梁动力响应的影响，并比较了非局部结果与局部结果的差异。结果表明，地基的非局部参数、刚度和阻尼是地基梁的动力响应的主要影响参数，地基梁最大响应及其发生的时刻与移动荷载速度有关。研究成果可为轨道地基系统设计提供参考。     

Dynamic displacements of an infinite beam on a poroelastic half space due to a moving oscillating load

This investigation is concerned with the dynamic displacements of a beam on a poroelastic half space under a periodic oscillating load of constant velocity. The governing equations for the proposed analysis are solved using Fourier transform. The expression for the vertical displacement is obtained according to the contact condition between a beam and a half space. The effects of the moving velocity and vibration frequency of the load on the dynamic displacement are considered in the numerical examples. The results show that the load velocity has significant influence on dynamic displacement. It is also noted that large differences exist between the dynamic responses for a beam on a poroelastic half space and on an elastic half space when the load velocity is larger than the shear wave speed of the medium. The reported work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 10372073).     

DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF A DOUBLE-LAYERED SUBGRADE WITH ROCK SUBSTRATUM TO A MOVING POINT LOAD

In this paper, an analytical solution for the dynamic response of a double-layered subgrade with rock substratum to a moving point load is derived. The subgrade profile is divided into two layers. The upper layer is modeled by an elastic medium and the lower layer by a fully saturated poroelastic medium governed by Biot’s theory. In the meanwhile, the subgrade is resting on the rock substratum. The analytical solutions for stress, displacement and pore pressure are derived by using the Fourier transform. Numerical results obtained by using the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) are used to analyze the influence of the moving load velocity, the thickness of an elastic medium layer and a fully saturated poroelastic medium layer on the dynamic response.     

Response of railway track system on poroelastic half-space soil medium subjected to a moving train load

Based on the dynamic poroelastic theory of Biot, dynamic responses of a track system and poroelastic half-space soil medium subjected to moving train passages are investigated by the substructure method. The whole system is divided into two separately formulated substructures, the track and the ground, and the rail is described by introducing the Green function for an infinitely long Euler beam subjected to the action of moving axle loads of the train and the reactions of the sleeper. Sleepers are represented by a continuous mass and the effect of the ballast is considered by introducing the Cosserat model for granular medium. Using the double Fourier transform, the governing equations of motion are then solved analytically in the frequency-wave-number domain. The time domain responses are evaluated by the inverse Fourier transform computation for a certain train speed. Computed results show that the shape of the rail displacements of the elastic and poroelastic soil medium are in good agreement with each other of the low train velocity, but the result of the poroelastic soil medium is significantly different to that of the elastic soil medium for the high train velocity which is higher than Rayleigh-wave speed in the soil. The influence of the soil intrinsic permeability on soil responses is discussed with great care in both time domain and frequency domain. The dynamic responses of the soil medium are considerably affected by the fluid phase as well as the load velocity.     

Rayleigh Waves on an Exponentially Graded Poroelastic Half Space

In this paper we consider the propagation of seismic waves in isotropic poroelastic half spaces with continuously varying elastic properties, namely with an exponentially decaying depth profile. The present paper shows that the problem leads naturally to a bicubic equation. We obtain explicit inhomogeneous plane wave solutions in an exponential evanescent form with respect to the depth of half space. Further, these solutions are used to solve the boundary value problem of a Rayleigh surface wave and the secular equation is established. The results obtained theoretically are exemplified for numerical data and represented graphically for a representative poroelastic material.     

Dynamic effects of moving load on a poroelastic soil medium by an approximate method

The problem of the dynamic response of a fully saturated poroelastic soil stratum on bedrock subjected to a moving load is studied by using the theory of Mei and Foda under conditions of plane strain. The applied load is considered to be the sum of a large number of harmonics with varying frequency in the form of a Fourier expansion. The method of solution considers the total field to be approximated by the superposition of an elastodynamic problem with modified elastic constants and mass density for the whole domain and a diffusion problem for the pore fluid pressure confined to a boundary layer near the free surface of the medium. Both problems are solved analytically in the frequency domain. The effects of the shear modulus, permeability and porosity of the soil medium and the velocity of the moving load on the dynamic response of the soil layer are numerically evaluated and compared with those obtained by the exact solution of the problem. It is concluded that for fine poroelastic materials, the accuracy of the present method against the exact one is excellent.     

Effect of imperfect bonding on axisymmetric elastodynamic response of a lined circular tunnel in poroelastic soil due to a moving ring load

A two-dimensional elasticity analysis for steady-state axisymmetric dynamic response of an arbitrarily thick elastic homogeneous hollow cylinder of infinite length, which is imperfectly bonded to the surrounding fluid-saturated permeable formation, subject to an axially moving ring load, is presented. The problem solution is derived by using Biot’s dynamic theory of poroelasticity in conjunction with double Fourier transformation with respect to time (frequency) and axial coordinate (axial wave number). The analytical results are illustrated with numerical examples in which a concrete tunnel lining of uniform wall thickness is imperfectly bonded to a surrounding water-saturated poroelastic formation of soft/stiff frame characteristic. Numerical solutions for the radial shell mid-plane and formation displacements are calculated by analytical (numerical) inversion of the Fourier transformation with respect to the frequency (axial wave number). Primary attention is focused on the influence of bonding condition at the liner/soil interface, formation material type, and load velocity on the system’s dynamic response. Limiting cases are considered and good agreements with the solutions available in the literature are obtained.     

A numerical model for the isolation of moving-load induced vibrations by pile rows embedded in layered porous media

A numerical model is developed to analyse the isolation of moving-load induced vibrations using pile rows embedded in a layered poroelastic half-space. Based on Biot’s theory and the transmission and reflection matrices (TRM) method, the free wave field solution for a moving load applied on the surface of a layered poroelastic half-space and the fundamental solution for an harmonic circular patch load are determined. Using Muki and Sternberg’s method, the second kind of frequency domain Fredholm integral equations for the dynamic interaction between pile rows and the layered poroelastic half-space are derived. The time domain solution is recovered via inverse Fourier transform in order to obtain the amplitude reduction ratio and thus assess the vibration isolation efficiency of pile rows. A special case of the present model shows good agreement with an existing solution. Numerical results of this study show that the speed of moving loads has an important influence on the isolation of vibrations by pile rows: the same pile rows can achieve better isolation efficiencies for higher speed loads than for lower speed loads. Pile rows embedded in a two-layered poroelastic half-space with a softer overlying layer usually generate better vibration isolation effects than those with a stiffer overlying layer. Finally, better isolation vibration may be realized by increasing the pile length and decreasing the net spacing between neighboring piles in a pile row.