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1.
利用钻杆扭矩法预测冲击地压等煤矿动力灾害时,钻进速度是影响钻杆扭矩的一个重要因素。研究钻进速度对钻杆扭矩的影响可以减少预测指标的误差,提高预测准确性。利用自主研发的钻杆扭矩测试装置,对预制煤体相似材料试件进行了不同钻进速度下的钻孔试验,研究了不同钻进速度对钻杆扭矩变化的影响规律。试验结果表明:钻进速度对钻杆扭矩影响很大。同种煤岩体材料,相同压力条件下,钻进速度越快,钻杆扭矩越大,反之,钻杆扭矩越小。上述研究成果可用于减少预测指标误差。  相似文献   

2.
建立了钻杆力学模型,得出钻杆推力、扭矩与煤体应力之间的关系。分析表明:钻屑过程中,煤体应力增大时,钻杆扭矩增大,钻杆推力减小;煤体强度增大时,钻杆扭矩增加,钻杆推力增大。利用新型钻削设备及推力、扭矩测试装置模拟井下条件进行试验,得到了不同轴压、围压下钻杆推力平均值、扭矩平均值与煤体应力之间的变化规律。试验结果表明:相同的钻机设备不变,外界其它因素一定时,对同种煤岩性质的试件进行钻削,钻杆推力与煤体应力为负相关关系;钻杆扭矩与煤体应力为正相关关系。通过测试钻杆推力和扭矩的实验数值,反演出煤体应力的大小,进而可以预测冲击地压的危险性,研究结果可为煤矿动力灾害预测预报提供一定的理论与实验基础。  相似文献   

3.
为了解决煤矿巷道底板锚固孔钻进困难的问题,本文提出采用高压水流正循环钻进可以有效避免"钻渣三区"的形成,并研发了一套巷道底板锚固孔深孔强力排渣系统。利用固液两相耦合流体力学理论,推导出冲洗液压力与钻渣颗粒半径、钻渣浓度和钻孔深度之间的关系式以及钻孔深度、钻渣上返速度与冲洗液压力之间的计算公式。结果表明:随着钻渣浓度的提高及钻渣半径的增大,能量消耗的频度和强度就会增加,所需要的冲洗液压力也会增大;冲洗液压力随着钻孔深度的增加而逐渐增大,当钻孔深度为8m时,要求冲洗液压力大于1.9MPa,另外降低钻机推进速度及增大钻头钻速,是保证锚固孔钻进强力排渣的关键。  相似文献   

4.
神经网络在冲击地压危险性预测预报研究中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
吴财芳  曾勇 《力学学报》2003,11(3):263-268
分析了影响冲击地压危险性的主要因素,首次利用神经网络模型模拟各个因素之间的复杂的非线性关系,消除了传统预测方法中的人为确定冲击危险指标的影响。检验结果表明 :模型可靠,预测精度高。为冲击地压与人工智能等高新技术的进一步结合奠定了基础。  相似文献   

5.
在20 ℃至-55 ℃范围内以球-盘摩擦形式考察了一种1.08%C高碳钢在滑动速度0.319 m/s,载荷在0.5~2.5 N下与GCr15钢球干摩擦时的摩擦磨损行为,利用SEM、EDS、XPS等观察了磨痕形貌,考察了磨屑中氧含量的变化,分析了摩擦氧化反应.结果发现,与常温环境相比,在0 ℃以下的低温环境显著提高了该钢铁摩擦副之间的摩擦系数,且摩擦系数基本不随温度发生变化.随着温度的降低该高碳钢的磨损量增加,黏着磨损程度增强,屑中氧含量减小.分析认为温度的降低伴随着湿度的降低,低温、低湿度环境减弱了摩擦氧化反应,减少了起隔离作用的金属氧化物的生成,加剧了摩擦副之间的黏着,从而导致摩擦系数和磨损量增大.  相似文献   

6.
聚四氟乙烯磨损机理的探讨   总被引:16,自引:4,他引:12  
作者用MPX-200型栓-盘摩擦磨损试验机测试了模压聚四氟乙烯的磨损性能,考察了滑动速度、负菏、温度及偶件表面粗糙度对磨损的影响。磨屑分子量的测试结果表明,其大小与聚四氟乙烯磨损的严重程度成正比;磨屑的分子量比聚四氟乙烯本体的小,在本试验条件下磨屑分子量的降低为2—3个数量级;当超过极限PV值时,磨屑分子量的下降幅度急剧变小。作者指出,聚四氟乙烯之磨损随温度的变化与其所处的力学状态有关。通过电子显微镜和电子探针对试样、偶件和磨屑的表面观察,作者提出了聚四氟乙烯薄带状磨屑的形成机理,认为它是由聚四氟乙烯分子链受剪拉伸成束及较弱的束断裂的形式所产生。  相似文献   

7.
为分析多孔破岩作业中不同钻孔间距及破岩模式对破岩效果的影响,采用ABAQUS数值模拟方法对多孔破岩特性进行了分析,构建了多孔破岩模型,分析了在地应力为10MPa时,最优冲击频率和回转速度;并在相同冲击力、地应力、回转速度、冲击频率条件下,分别对四种钻孔间距及两种破岩模式进行破岩仿真,分析其破岩特性。研究表明:在初始地应力为10MPa时,最优冲击频率为62Hz,回转速度为255r/min;钻孔间距为二倍钻头直径时破岩能耗最高;同孔距破岩过程中,同步钻进破岩能耗高于异步钻进破岩能耗;钻孔间距和破岩模式均对破岩速度没有太大影响。研究结果为降低破岩能耗、提升破岩效果提供理论基础。  相似文献   

8.
为了准确判定煤体应力的大小,采用钻杆推力转速及扭矩相结合的方法来反推判断煤体应力。通过对新型钻机钻孔过程中钻头、钻杆的力学分析,建立了钻头、钻杆的动力学模型和动力学方程,得出了钻杆推力、转速、扭矩与煤体应力的关系以及转速与扭矩、推力的关系。在理论上给出了利用钻杆推力、转速、扭矩计算煤体应力的可行性。利用推力-转速-扭矩数据采集传感器装置,测试了不同煤体应力下钻杆推力、转速、扭矩的变化规律。试验结果表明:随着钻进深度的增加,钻杆推力、转速、扭矩均呈现出先增大后稳定再减小的规律,但三者相比,转速、扭矩稳定时间段较长;在相同钻机及钻具条件下,钻杆推力和转速随煤体应力的增大而减小,钻杆扭矩随煤体应力的增大而增大;钻杆转速越大,钻杆推力相应呈线性递增关系,反之,钻杆速度越小,钻杆推力越小;钻杆扭矩随钻杆转速的变化相应呈二次方增加的关系。研究结果为煤矿冲击地压的预测和研究提供了参考。  相似文献   

9.
本文作者通过8 1/2"XHP 3型牙轮钻头主轴承的磨损试验得出,提高牙轮钻头钻进效率的途径是合理地配置钻压和转速,并研制高温钻头润滑脂。  相似文献   

10.
制动速度对C/C-SiC复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9  
采用模拟刹车制动方法研究"温压-原位反应法"制备的C/C-SiC复合材料在不同制动速度下的摩擦磨损性能,分别用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对摩擦表面及其磨屑形貌进行观察,用X射线衍射仪分析磨屑成分.结果表明:摩擦系数随制动速度提高先升高而后降低,在制动速度为10 m/s时达到最大值0.46,且当制动速度超过20 m/s时产生高频振动;随着制动速度提高,磨屑愈被碾磨变细,且磨损量随之增大,在制动速度为28 m/s时线性磨损量急剧升至8.75 μm;C/C-SiC复合材料在中等能载(1.5 kJ/cm2)条件下具有优良的摩擦磨损性能.  相似文献   

11.
祝效华  李柯 《应用力学学报》2020,(1):128-133,I0008
海洋油气资源钻探中隔水管的弯曲对钻柱振动以及钻进特性有特别的影响。为得到隔水管弯曲对钻柱振动的影响规律,对南海已钻深水井使用非线性有限元软件建立全井钻井数值计算模型,研究获得了不同垂深时隔水管弯曲对钻柱振动特性的影响规律。研究表明:隔水管弯曲会加剧钻柱的振动,钻柱振动加剧会导致钻井能耗上升、钻头切削能力下降并且会加快钻柱疲劳;当隔水管的弯曲达到某临界值,钻柱与隔水管间的接触力会陡增;井口的钩载越大,隔水管弯曲带来的井口钩载波动量越大;井越深,隔水管弯曲对全井钻柱最大弯矩和钻头切削能力的影响越小。  相似文献   

12.
周晔欣  戴如玥  黄争鸣 《应用力学学报》2020,(1):114-122,I0007,I0008
复合材料结构分析软件是用以分析、设计复合材料结构的重要工具,常用的复合材料结构分析软件包括基于CAD软件发展而来的复合材料分析工具、通用有限元软件自带复合材料分析工具和以Digimat等为代表的专业化复合材料结构分析软件。本文对常用的复合材料分析软件进行了综述,介绍其主要功能,从学术、应用等多方面探讨相关产品的优点及不足;论述了专业化复合材料结构分析软件的特点及功能;分析了复合材料结构分析软件的现状和发展趋势;探讨了复合材料结构力学分析CAE软件在国产化方面所需进一步解决的问题。  相似文献   

13.
结构力学分析方法在南海水平井钻进预测中的应用   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
本文探讨了结构力学分析方法-非线性有限元性在预测水平井钻进中的工程应用,在钻探水平井尤其是大位移水平井中,事先较准确地预测出钻柱的钻进扭矩及钻头前进的方向,是取得水平井成功的关键条件之一。利用非线性有限元理论,着重分析了水平井实际钻进中的钻柱大变形非线性及钻柱与井壁的接触非线性问题,并导出了一套非线性有限元钻柱力学模式,在此基础上编制了一套非线性力学计算程序软件,并在海洋石油南海西部石油公司一个钻井平台水平井钻井进行了五口井的实际验证,获得了一些有启迪性的结论。  相似文献   

14.
In order to solve the torque design problem of deep lunar soil sampling using drilling, a novel torque analysis method was presented based on discrete element model (DEM). This method includes three stages: drilling simulation of the bit and stem segment, resultant torque calculation, and predicted curve fitting. First, special drilling models were designed for a bit and stem separately. A high-density equivalent particle group, boundary vibration control, pre-drilling simulation and constant pressure surface control were designed for the bit and stem drilling modelling at different depths to ensure the rationality of the model. An example of the torque synthesis process was given, and the simulation time was analyzed. Finally, the simulation predicted torque curve was plotted and compared with the experimental curve. The experimental and simulation curves show that as the drilling depth increases, the torque increases approximately linearly first and then flattens out gradually after a depth of 1 m. The consistency between the two results indicated that the proposed method was validated. Using this method, engineers can take short time to analyze the torque and design basic parameters of the drill mechanism. The problem of high experimental cost and long simulation time in torque design is solved.  相似文献   

15.
Ordinary drillstring torsional vibration is a very common phenomenon that has been attracted great interesting. Through Measurement data, a series of studies and analysis of torsional vibration characteristics of the bottom hole assembly (BHA) have been developed. However, for rotary steerable system (RSS), especially push-the-bit mode, its drill torsional vibration phenomenon will demonstrate the new properties, because that the underground implementing agencies will generate cycle torque and drag to the BHA in the orientation process. This process is completely different to the previous. A set of “strap-down” measurement system was developed in this paper, and the triaxial accelerometer and triaxial fluxgate were installed near the bit. Proposed a method of solver drill bit rotation speed using real-time downhole measurement data (sampling frequency 100 Hz), and the torsional vibration mathematical model of push-the-bit RSS was established. We found that the torsional vibration phenomenon of push-the-bit RSS is more serious than the ordinary drilling system by downhole measurement data analysis, even in most cases manifested as stick-slip. The torsional vibration was divided into five different modes, which showing different statistical regularities. Corresponding analysis of the angular displacement and speed, we found that the drill bit always appears low-speed in the position of oriented. This is a strong proof of that the RSS implementing agencies pushing the BHA caused the drill bit torsional vibration more serious. This work is supplemented and development of the drill string torsional vibration studies. Contribute to the better understanding of the dynamics of the push-the-bit RSS. Put forward a new way of analysis the rotary steerable drillstring fatigue damage predicted, steering ability and the torsional vibration control.  相似文献   

16.
Multiple measurements using the hole drilling method were made in samples with a “known” state of residual stress. Drilling parameters were independently varied (bit rotation speed, bit diameter, and hole depth) to determine the effect on accuracy and repeatability. The study showed that accurate results can be achieved without ultra-high drill rotation speeds and that, in aluminum and stainless steel, speeds over 5 krpm and 10 krpm (respectively) were sufficient. Inaccuracies were evident in the stainless steel at speeds below 10 krpm and were attributed to non-circular holes, which may have been the result of bit vibration. There were no significant trends associated with altering the hole depth and only a slight trend associated with bit diameter variation.  相似文献   

17.
Torsional vibrations in drill strings, especially stick-slip vibrations, are detrimental to the drilling process as they slow down the rate of penetration and may lead to failure of the drilling equipment. We present a method for controlling these vibrations by exactly decomposing the drill string dynamics into two traveling waves traveling in the direction of the top drive and in the direction of the drill bit. The decomposition is derived from the wave equation governing the string vibrations and is achieved with only two sensors that can be placed directly at the top drive and at a short distance below the top drive (e.g., 5 m). Therefore, downhole measurements along the string and at the bit are not necessary, which is a major advantage compared to other control concepts for drill string dynamics. The velocity of the top drive is then controlled in order to absorb the wave traveling in the direction of the top drive, thus achieving a reflection coefficient of zero for the frequency range of the undesired torsional vibrations. The proposed algorithm is implemented for both a numerical example and an experimental setup; results show that the control concept works very effectively.  相似文献   

18.
Aiming to solve the computational cost problem in the discrete element simulation for lunar soil drilling sampling, an equivalent boundary method was proposed. A high-accuracy DEM model of lunar soil was established firstly. As the novel alterable constitutive law, the accuracy of the model was verified to meet the performance of real lunar soil very much both in shear strength indices and elastic–plastic behavior. A common drill bit in the geological exploration field for sampling soil was chosen as the simulation object. In preanalysis, it was known that with the increase of drilling depth, the stress concentration area was always near the drill bit, while the affected area of the lunar soil was a cylindrical area around the drill pipe, which extended towards the drilling direction instead of extending around it. Then a big boundary drilling simulation scene was established to investigate the flow direction of lunar soil particles. The motion law of particles and the velocity field information were obtained, and a U-shape chain was described around the drill bit. Finally an equivalent boundary was set near the U-shaped chain, and the size was determined by comparing the soil stress in the fierce collision zone and around the reference boundary. This method could be a reference for other lunar soil drilling researches with other drills of different sizes.  相似文献   

19.
处于狭长井筒中的钻柱,其动力响应受到钻具组合、内外钻井液流动以及钻井参数等因素的影响,钻柱动力失稳导致的剧烈振动是井壁坍塌和钻具失效的重要原因.考虑到钻杆和钻铤在刚度和线密度上存在很大的差别,论文将钻柱简化为单阶梯输液管柱,钻井液沿着钻柱内部向下泵入并从环空返回地面.耦合考虑钻柱自重、随时间简谐变化的波动钻压、稳定器以及钻井液的水动力和阻尼力,建立了直井中钻柱横向振动的解析模型.利用有限单元法离散为四阶常微分方程后,采用Bolotin法得到临界频率方程确定系统的不稳定区范围,研究了钻压、钻杆长度、稳定器安装位置、钻井液的流速和密度等参数对系统稳定性影响的机理.研究表明:钻压的平均值和波动幅值都是钻柱失稳的驱动因素,而系统的稳定性对处于受拉状态的钻杆的长度变化不敏感.在论文所研究的参数范围内,降低钻井液流速和密度、下移稳定器的安装位置均有助于增强系统的稳定性.  相似文献   

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