粘弹性铰对梁结构模态性能的影响分析

研究以连接铰结构中置入粘弹性材料的,预紧力大小发迹时引起铰点约束刚度变化对模态性能的影响,给出了平移约束刚度和旋转约束刚度变化时结构模态参数变化的解析表达式,可以分析两个参数同时变化的固有频率和损耗因子变化的三科。可获得对了大损耗因子约束参数,可为结构的被动控制设计提供一定的指导。     

利用REDUCE语言识别结构系统的支承刚度

本文提出一种识别结构系统支承刚度的新方法，该方法以传递矩阵法为基础，利用ＲＥＤＵＣＥ计算机代数语言推导以刚度参数为未知数的非线性方程组，进而解此方程组识别结构系统的支承刚度。模态试验及计算实例验证了该方法的有效性和正确性。     

二维复合材料结构模态分析的边界元法

将边界元方法用于分析二维复合材料结构的自由振动模态，利用特解处理体积力（惯性力）仅需静态基本解就可求解问题，对一各向同性悬臂梁，用该法得到的结果与用有限元或各向性边界元法得到的结果符合得很好，但该法可解各向异性问题，对层状复合材料简支梁，用该法得到了数值结果与用一维层状复合材料梁的理论解的比较表明，当结构的长厚比大于２０时，二者符合得很好，当结构的长厚比小于２０时，一维层状材料梁的理论将产生很大的     

H形钢梁考虑有限翘曲约束刚度的扭转效应分析

为考虑半刚性连接对H形钢梁翘曲变形的有限约束，引入翘曲约束刚度的概念，提出介于简单支承和固定支承之间的半刚性连接H形钢梁约束扭转计算方法。结合数值算例，验证本文方法的正确性，详细分析翘曲约束刚度变化对翘曲正应力和二次剪应力的影响。研究结果表明：翘曲约束刚度引起的双力矩沿跨度呈线性变化，翘曲正应力随翘曲约束刚度的增大而减小，二次剪应力随翘曲约束刚度的增大而增大。     

考虑刷丝支承刚度的高速引电器转子动力学特性研究

为研究多通道刷丝–滑环接触副中刷丝支承刚度对系统动力学特性的影响，将刷丝简化为欧拉–伯努利悬臂梁，推导了刷丝支承刚度计算的理论公式。建立了滑环胶合细长轴的高速引电器转子系统有限元模型，考虑多通道刷丝支承刚度影响，开展了转子系统动模态数值仿真分析，得到了系统振型图、坎贝尔图及临界转速偏离裕度。研究结果表明，刷丝支承刚度对引电器转子细长轴结构一阶弯曲模态的影响不可忽略。     

弹性联接模态综合法

本文提出利用结构的假想中间联接单元和假想联接刚度的概念,用一种新的模态刚度的组集方法求得结构在弹性联接下的模态综合方程,并将该方法应用于弹性联接的双转子系统的计算中。     

基于固定界面与自由界面子结构模态的混成模态综合方法及其应用

本文提出混用固定界面与自由界面子结构的两类模态来共同构造优良模态基，然后进行模态综合，该方法成倍地增加能反映结构感兴趣频域的可保留模态数，从而大大提高了综合精度。     

有阻尼振动系统的自由界面子结构综合法

研究了阻尼振动系统的自由界面子结构综合法.为了在最终给出的系统综合方程中考虑剩余柔度矩阵的影响,本文利用质量矩阵、阻尼矩阵和结构保留模态矩阵构造了一种与保留模态矩阵加权正交的矩阵.在计算自由-自由结构的剩余柔度矩阵时,通过这种加权正交矩阵能够避免直接对子结构刚度矩阵的求逆运算.在此基础上提出了一种新的有阻尼振动系统的自由界面子结构综合法.算例分析表明,本文的方法具有很高的计算精度.     

结构有限元分析中阶跃型弹性约束的一种有效处理方法

本文通过引入弹性约束刚度矩阵和结构位移约束列阵，提出了结构有限元分析中处理阶跃型弹性约束的一种有效方法。该法通过改变弹性约束系数及位移非约束量大小，可方便有效地处理结点常弹性约束，刚性约束，阶跃型弹性的约束及阶跃型刚性约束等问题。     

航天器与运载火箭耦合分析相关技术研究进展

本文以载荷分析为主要内容, 概述航天飞行器结构动力学研究的一些进展. 首先介绍航箭(航天器/运载火箭简称为航箭) 耦合系统载荷分析基本思想. 然后介绍以下3 个方面的载荷分析方法: (1) 采用基础激励理论初始载荷分析的近似方法; (2) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统分支模态综合法. 导出采用约束模态质量界面加速度的航天器载荷计算方法; 当仅考虑静定约束特殊情况时, 退化的方程与Chen 采用有限元法导出的方程相同. 给出新航天器载荷瞬态分析技术, 即一个以前的航天器/运载耦合系统载荷结果可以用来获得相同运载火箭发射一个新航天器结构的必要的载荷信息. (3) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统模态综合法. 包括: 固定界面模态综合法, 以及航天器/运载耦合的界面综合动态响应计算新方法. 最后, 介绍验证载荷分析技术. 简要讨论验证技术的重要性, 提出了采用试验与理论相结合的结构动态试验仿真技术,该方法包括了一套修正数学模型的新技术, 称之为子结构试验建模综合技术. 该方法已应用于复杂的结构建模. 在进行CZ-2E 运载火箭实尺模态试验之前, 用建议的模态试验仿真技术给出CZ-2E 模态参数的预示结果, 并与随后获得的实际模态试验结果相比, 两个结果彼此之间高度一致. 这个结果证明了模态试验仿真技术已成功地预示了CZ-2E 运载火箭的模态参数, 验证了建议的模态试验仿真技术的可靠性. 讨论了振动台振动试验仿真技术. 介绍了振动台振动试验仿真的几个关键技术. 包括: 有限元模型修正技术, 40 t 振动台系统台面控制仿真方法和D 卫星振动台振动试验仿真.      

Nonlinear vibration isolation of a viscoelastic beam

In this paper, the transmissibility of a viscoelastic beam supported by vertical springs is defined by proposing a new vertical elastic support boundary. By contrasting with the viscoelastic beam with rigid vertical supports and the rigid rod with vertical elastic support ends, the necessity of the transmissibility of an elastic structure with vertical elastic supports is proved. In order to approximately solve the steady-state responses of the nonlinear transverse vibration of the viscoelastic beam under periodic excitation, the harmonic balance method in conjunction with the pseudo arc-length method is adopted. The numerical results are calculated to confirm the approximate analytic results. The comparison between the rigid rod and the elastic beam shows that neglecting the bending vibration of the structures will underestimate the frequency range in which the elastic support produces an effective vibration isolation. On the other hand, the comparison between the rigid support and the spring support demonstrates that ignoring the elasticity of the support ends will create a false understanding of the force transmission of elastic structures. In general, this paper presents the necessity of studying the force transmission of elastic structures with elastic supports. Moreover, this paper will become the beginning of the study of the vibration isolation of the elastic structure.     

基于不完备模态信息的结构损伤识别方法

针对结构损伤识别中的有限测点问题和测试噪声问题,提出一种基于模型修正法的损伤识别方法,仅利用结构的低阶频率和相应的不完备振型进行损伤识别。基于动力缩聚法构造参数化的振型扩展矩阵,解决振型不完备的问题,然后根据交叉模型交叉模态法CMCM(cross-model cross-mode)构造约束方程,并使用Hestenes-Powell增广拉格朗日乘子法求解约束优化问题,从而根据优化问题的最优解判断出损伤位置和损伤程度。在模态数据包含测试噪声的情况下,提出一种改进的CMCM方法,以减小测试噪声对损伤识别结果的影响。对一个25杆平面桁架进行数值仿真实验,结果表明,在3%的噪声水平下,仅需测得损伤结构的前5阶不完备模态,本文方法就能较准确地识别结构损伤。     

基于修正的Craig-Bampton法的大长径比助推器分离特性研究

在芯级周围布置助推器是提升运载能力的有效手段。对于长径比较高的助推器，结构呈现明显的局部弹性效应，这将对助推器分离的安全性产生影响。针对传统Craig-Bampton方法无法适用于大范围运动弹性体的不足，本文采用修正的Craig-Bampton法获得系统的正则化模态，使研究对象的所有模态与频率一一对应，实现分离体大范围刚体运动与弹性变形的有效耦合。基于该方法开展柔性多体动力学仿真，获得了不同模态阶数和结构刚度的弹性助推器分离系统的分离特性。研究结果表明，与传统的刚体模型相比，考虑助推器弹性效应的分离动力学模型更加贴近真实飞行情况。基于此，获得了各阶模态和结构刚度对分离安全边界的影响规律，其中以一阶横向模态最为敏感。通过研究弹性助推器的分离特性，为运载火箭助推器分离系统的工程实际应用提供理论参考和研究支撑。     

双介质耦合刚性基弹性层平面应变型导波模式及界面散射能量分配

过渡段动力稳定性问题已成为制约400 km/h及以上高铁路基设计的关键难题,亟需从波动和能量的角度探究由基础非均匀引发的线路系统动力响应放大机理.文章将轨下基础简化为上表面自由、底端固定的刚性基弹性层,将高铁过渡段车致弹性波传播问题提炼为非均匀介质刚性基弹性层中波的散射问题,建立双介质耦合刚性基弹性层平面应变模型,优化该类波导结构频散方程在复平面求根方法,并结合岩土类介质特征展开刚性基弹性层频散分析,以明确其多模式导波特性及散射能量分配,最后,围绕弹性层厚度、刚度比等影响因素开展对比分析.结果表明:刚性基弹性层各模式导波均具有截止频率,弹性层厚度越小,杨氏模量越大,各阶导波模式的截止频率越高;入射波在双介质刚性基弹性层发生散射后,透射场基阶模式导波会占据主体能量,随着高阶导波模式被逐一激发,反射场及透射场高阶模式能量占比会在全频率范围呈现“此消彼长”状态;交换两侧弹性层材料,改变弹性层厚度及两弹性层刚度比不会显著改变能量分布规律,但总体来看,能量更易集中在较软侧弹性层中,各模式导波在激发初始频段会更为活跃,可分配到更多能量.     

Vibration and stability of an axially moving viscoelastic beam with hybrid supports

Vibration and stability are investigated for an axially moving beam constrained by simple supports with torsion springs. A scheme is proposed to derive natural frequencies and modal functions from given boundary conditions of an elastic beam moving at a constant speed. For a beam constituted by the Kelvin model, effects of viscoelasticity on the free vibration are analyzed via the method of multiple scales and demonstrated via numerical simulations. When the axial speed is characterized as a simple harmonic variation about the constant mean speed, the instability conditions are presented for axially accelerating viscoelastic beams in parametric resonance. Numerical examples show the effects of the constraint stiffness, the mean axial speed, and the viscoelasticity.     

用模态试验结果修改力学模型初探

利用试验模态分析结果,对有限元力学模型本身或其中某些参数进行修改是必要的和有工程意义的。这一“修改”既是数学上的优化问题又是工程设计问题。本文介绍自研制的“结构动力修改程序”,述及一般原理及框图,并给出一个悬臂梁实例。     

An implicit method for frictional contact, impact and rolling

In this paper an implicit method for frictional contact, impact and rolling is suggested. A nonclassical formulation of a two-dimensional hyperelastic body unilaterally constrained to rigid supports is proposed by following the ideas of Moreau and Jean. A total Lagrangian formulation of the system is given. The elastic properties are defined by coupling the second Piola–Kirchhoff stress to the Green–Lagrange strain via the Kirchhoff–St. Venant law. The equation of motion is written in the spirit of Moreau by using the mean value impulses introduced by Jean. The mean value impulses appear explicitly in the equation of motion. In such manner the treatment of nonconstant kinematic transformation matrices becomes straightforward. The rigid supports are described by smooth functions. By utilizing these functions and the mean value impulses, new contact/impact laws of Signorini and Coulomb type are formulated. The governing equations are solved by a nonsmooth Newton method. This is performed by following the augmented Lagrangian approach and deriving the consistent stiffness matrix as well as the contact stiffness matrices. Three two-dimensional examples are solved by the method: a contact problem, an impact problem and a rolling contact problem.     

Control structure interaction in the nonlinear analysis of flexible mechanical systems

The effect of the control structure interaction on the feedforward control law as well as the dynamics of flexible mechanical systems is examined in this investigation. An inverse dynamics procedure is developed for the analysis of the dynamic motion of interconnected rigid and flexible bodies. This method is used to examine the effect of the elastic deformation on the driving forces in flexible mechanical systems. The driving forces are expressed in terms of the specified motion trajectories and the deformations of the elastic members. The system equations of motion are formulated using Lagrange's equation. A finite element discretization of the flexible bodies is used to define the deformation degrees of freedom. The algebraic constraint equations that describe the motion trajectories and joint constraints between adjacent bodies are adjoined to the system differential equations of motion using the vector of Lagrange multipliers. A unique displacement field is then identified by imposing an appropriate set of reference conditions. The effect of the nonlinear centrifugal and Coriolis forces that depend on the body displacements and velocities are taken into consideration. A direct numerical integration method coupled with a Newton-Raphson algorithm is used to solve the resulting nonlinear differential and algebraic equations of motion. The formulation obtained for the flexible mechanical system is compared with the rigid body dynamic formulation. The effect of the sampling time, number of vibration modes, the viscous damping, and the selection of the constrained modes are examined. The results presented in this numerical study demonstrate that the use of the driving forees obtained using the rigid body analysis can lead to a significant error when these forces are used as the feedforward control law for the flexible mechanical system. The analysis presented in this investigation differs significantly from previously published work in many ways. It includes the effect of the structural flexibility on the centrifugal and Coriolis forces, it accounts for all inertia nonlinearities resulting from the coupling between the rigid body and elastic displacements, it uses a precise definition of the equipollent systems of forces in flexible body dynamics, it demonstrates the use of general purpose multibody computer codes in the feedforward control of flexible mechanical systems, and it demonstrates numerically the effect of the selected set of constrained modes on the feedforward control law.     

基于三阶剪切变形理论的悬臂输流管道自由振动

采用三阶剪切变形理论,结合有限元法研究了悬臂输流管道的自由振动问题．利用虚功原理建立了输流管系统的有限元方程,同时将悬臂端弹性支承以势能的形式引入到系统方程中,求解了系统前三阶的复频率．分别探讨了流体速度和弹簧刚度对系统复频率实部和虚部的影响,重点分析了弹簧刚度与前三阶固有频率间的关系．在弹性支承刚度为零的特例下,对比了本文结果与Timoshenko梁理论的结果,证明了本文方法的可靠性．研究发现系统固有频率的实部恒为负值,表明一端带有弹性支承的约束形式有利于提高悬臂输流管道自由振动的稳定性;流体的流动对管道振动起到了阻尼作用,在流动速度足够大的情况下,各阶振动固有频率均趋于零;当弹簧刚度为无穷大,且流体速度足够大时,输流管道将发生失稳．