共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 196 毫秒
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对考虑应力和无摩擦单侧接触位移约束的桁架拓扑优化问题进行了研究,采用解析方法,通过对典型算例不同初始接触间隙下的拓扑优化解的讨论,发现这一优化问题中存在解不唯一现象,研究也表明,接触状态对结构拓扑有一定影响,不同初始接触间隙可能导致不同的拓扑结构,对利用数值方法该问题进行了研究,为克服结构拓扑优化中奇异最优解问题,采用ε松弛方法建立桁架拓扑优化模型列式,并利用双层优化方法求解本拓扑优化问题,第一层,通过求解与原接触问题等价的二次规划问题来进行结构接触分析;第二层,利用第一层得到的位移及应力,采用ε-松弛方法进行结构拓扑优化。 相似文献
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桁架拓扑优化的多点逼近遗传算法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
提出一种基于多点逼近函数和遗传算法的桁架拓扑优化方法。该方法建立了包含连续尺寸和离散拓扑两类变量的优化模型,并通过构造多点逼近函数建立了结构优化问题的第一级序列显式近似,然后采用分层优化方法:在外层对拓扑变量采用遗传算法进行优化;在内层对尺寸变量通过可由对偶法求解的第二级序列近似问题进行优化。几个经典的桁架拓扑优化算例表明该方法能以较少的结构分析次数获得比较理想的概率意义上的最优解。 相似文献
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离散变量结构拓扑优化设计研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
研究了离散变量结构拓扑优化设计的若干问题,讨论了离散型优化模型的合理性,提出截面设计变量的离散程度和全局约束影响最优拓扑,是优化中不可忽视的因素,文中还提出了一种解离散变量桁架,刚架结构拓扑优化的启发式算法。 相似文献
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提出了一种改进的遗传算法,用于优化具有离散尺寸、连续形状和0-1拓扑变量的桁架问题。考虑到离散和连续变量的本质,文中提出了混合编码方法,其中包括二进制和实数编码,整数和实数编码。本文采用了凝聚选择法-基于约束和适应度值双重标准,完全适应约束问题的本质。在优化过程中,初始种群和算子具有不确定性,因此有必要检验结构拓扑的合理性。为了增强算法的可靠性,采用了改进的重新开始算子,引入新基因并且探索新空间。求解了典型的算例,证明改进的遗传算法是可行且有效的。 相似文献
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多工况多约束下离散变量桁架结构的拓扑优化设计 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:19
提出了一个多工况下受应力、位移约束的离散变量桁架结构的拓扑优化方法,给出了结构拓扑形式变更时的约束处理方法及杆件删除策略,使基结构设计空间的维数不断降低,达到最优拓扑,避免了奇异解的出现,在算例中指出了截面离散集和位移约束对最优拓扑的影响;算例给出了满意的拓扑优化解。 相似文献
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演化算法能够同时满足结构拓扑优化的前沿领域对全局优化、黑箱函数优化、组合优化和多目标优化的需求,但采用此类算法的可行性与必要性由其收敛性与计算效率决定。本文以应力约束桁架多目标拓扑优化问题为求解对象,致力于揭示在收敛性与计算效率两方面具有竞争力的算法。首先提出评估演化算法求解拓扑优化问题收敛性与计算效率的通用方法,采用穷举法严格推导了典型桁架多目标拓扑优化问题的全局最优解,并采用超体积指标定义了多层次收敛性能准则。最后通过比较研究得到不同收敛性需求下具有最快收敛速度的演化算法,并揭示了具有竞争力的算法机制。本研究为演化算法求解多目标拓扑优化问题的收敛速度奠定了理论基础,同时为高效求解实际工程拓扑优化问题提供算法支持。 相似文献
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平面膜结构拓扑优化的有无复合体方法 总被引:18,自引:3,他引:18
将作者对桁架在应力约束下结构拓扑优化的有无复合体模型发展到平面膜结构在应力、位移约束下结构拓扑优化的建模与求解。同时提出了该模型的有效解法,获得了令人满意的数值结果。本文工作表明独立连续拓扑变量的提出对于结构拓扑优化的研究是有意义的。 相似文献
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桁架结构非概率可靠性拓扑优化 总被引:11,自引:4,他引:7
考虑非概率可靠性的拓扑优化对于非确定参数和荷载条件下结构的概念设计具有重要意义,有关研究国内外少见报道.本文利用凸模型理论,考虑优化迭代过程的需要,提出改进的非概率可靠性指标的定义,并针对桁架结构拓扑优化设计问题建立了以杆件截面积为设计变量、结构重量极小化为目标、具有非概率可靠性指标约束的广义尺寸优化数学模型.本文指出,考虑桁架结构参数的不确定性的条件下所得到的最优杆件布局与确定性优化所得到的结果可能有显著不同.对文中提出的数学模型,采用数学规划算法求解,数值算例结果令人满意.本文工作表明了桁架结构非概率可靠性拓扑优化设计的可行性和所提出算法的有效性. 相似文献
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Yujie We 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2014,(6):846-848
The construction and operation of high-speed rail(HSR)grid within the past two decades in China,in terms of the scale,may be possibly comparable to any national-wide construction in the history of China,even the Great Wall.By counting railways with commercial train service at the speed of200 km/h,China has the world’s longest HSR network with over 19 369.8 km of track in service today and this number 相似文献
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R. J. Sobey 《国际流体数值方法杂志》1982,2(3):277-297
Space-time finite element solutions of the convection–dispersion equation using higher-order nodal continuity and Hermitian polynomial shape functions are described. Five separate elements ranging from a complete linear element with C0,0 nodal continuity to a complete first-order Hermitian element with C1,1 nodal continuity are subjected to detailed analysis. Wave deformation analyses identify the source of leading or trailing edge oscillations, trailing edge oscillations being the major source of difficulty. These observations are confirmed by numerical experiments which further demonstrate the potential of higher-order nodal continuity. The performance of the complete first-order Hermitian element is quite satisfactory and measurably superior to the linear element. 相似文献
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Cécile Lemaitre Md. Mahmud Alam Pascal Hémon Emmanuel de Langre Yu Zhou 《Comptes Rendus Mecanique》2006,334(3):158-163
Rainwater rivulets appear on inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges when wind and rain occur simultaneously. In a restricted range of parameters this is known to cause vibrations of high amplitudes on the cable. The mechanism underlying this effect is still under debate but the role of rainwater rivulets is certain. We use a standard lubrication model to analyse the dynamics of a water film on a cylinder under the effect of gravity and wind load. A simple criterion is then proposed for the appearance and position of rivulets, where the Froude number is the control parameter. Experiments with several geometries of cylinder covered with water in a wind tunnel show the evolution of the rivulets with the Froude number. Comparison of the prediction by the model with these experimental data shows that the main mechanism of rivulet formation and positioning is captured. To cite this article: C. Lemaitre et al., C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006). 相似文献
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We establish a theoretical model to explain the nucleation of a crystal of helium by an acoustic over-pressure. We explain the interfacial laws for this ultra-fast cristallization, close to the sound speed. Assuming spherical symmetry and taking into account the experimental data, we recover the dynamics of the growth and melting during an over-pressure impulse. To cite this article: M. Ben Amar et al., C. R. Mecanique 331 (2003). 相似文献
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Based on the use of two different preparation procedures for reconstituting triaxial samples of sand, i.e. wet tamping and dry pluviation, significant differences in associated mechanical behaviour are observed on a reference sand with respect to the phenomenon of ‘static’ liquefaction. Wet tamping favours the initiation of liquefaction instability, whereas dry pluviation favours a more stable behaviour, less susceptible to liquefaction. Microscopic observation of corresponding sand specimens allows us to identify two well differentiated structures, i.e., for wet tamping, an irregular structure with predominance of aggregates (aggregated grains) and macropores, very contractant and unstable and, for dry pluviation, a more regular structure, without macropores, more dilatant and more stable. These observations show the importance of further characterization, based on the introduction of appropriate parameters, of the initial structure of sandy materials, strongly dependant upon their mode of formation (natural or artificial). To cite this article: N. Benahmed et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004). 相似文献
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Sources of Complexity in Human Systems 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Complex is a special attribute we can give to many kinds of systems. Although it is used often as a synonym of difficult, it has a specific epistemological meaning, which is going to be shared by the incoming science of complexity. Difficult is an object which, by means of an adequate computational power, can be deterministically or stochastically predictable. On the contrary complex is an object which can not be predictable because of logical impossibility or because its predictability would require a computational power far beyond any physical feasibility, now and forever. For complexity refers to some observing system, it is always subjective, and thus it is defined as observed irreducible complexity. Human systems are affected by several sources of complexity, belonging to three classes, in order of descending restrictivity. Systems belonging to the first class are not predictable at all, those belonging to the second class are predictable only through an infinite computational capacity, and those belonging to the third class are predictable only through a trans-computational capacity. The first class has two sources of complexity: logical complexity, directly deriving from self-reference and Gödel's incompleteness theorems, and relational complexity, resulting in a sort of indeterminacy principle occurring in social systems. The second class has three sources of complexity: gnosiological complexity, which consists of the variety of possible perceptions; semiotic complexity, which represents the infinite possible interpretations of signs and facts; and chaotic complexity, which characterizes phenomena of nonlinear dynamic systems. The third class coincides with computational complexity, which basically coincides with the mathematical concept of intractability. Artificial, natural, biological and human systems are characterized by the influence of different sources of complexity, and the latter appear to be the most complex. 相似文献