基于砼SHPB试验数值分析的HJC模型参数研究

为了研究混凝土HJC本构模型的参数取值及其参数对混凝土动态性能的影响,本文基于HJC模型原始参数,运用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对混凝土SHPB试验进行了数值模拟,结果显示数值计算结果与试验结果存在一定的差异。据此根据模型中参数的物理意义确定出可能影响混凝土动态性能的关键参数,通过保持其他参数不变、改变关键参数的方法对混凝土SHPB试验进行数值分析,得到了各关键参数对混凝土动态性能的影响规律,并基于该分析结果对HJC模型的原始参数进行了修正。数值模拟结果表明,采用本文修正参数的计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,能较准确地反映混凝土的动态性能。     

基于HJC模型的UHPC冲击压缩性能数值研究

为准确模拟UHPC在分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)作用下的动态力学行为,应用大型有限元程序LS-DYNA,结合UHPC的材料特性,校准了HJC模型中关键参数的取值,建立了基于SHPB试验的UHPC冲击压缩分析模型。在试验验证的基础上,优化了HJC模型中强度参数取值,探讨了强度参数A与参考应变率■之间的相关性,并建立了两者之间的表达式。结果表明:应用校准后的HJC模型计算得到的UHPC试件计算波形与实测波形基本吻合,计算波形能较好地反映反射波整形后上升阶段出现的近似水平加载平台;强度参数A的取值对UHPC动态损伤行为模拟影响较大,当参考应变率■一定时,计算波形和实测波形的吻合程度随强度参数A的增大表现出先提高后下降的趋势;强度参数A的合理取值随着参考应变率■的增大线性递增,基于回归分析建立的强度参数A与参考应变率■之间的表达式能较好地拟合数值分析结果并与试验大致吻合,可为UHPC材料应用HJC模型开展冲击压缩性能模拟提供参考。     

混凝土HJC本构模型参数的研究

运用非线性有限元动力分析软件LS-DYNA模拟了混凝土SHPB试验.将试验采集的入射波数据作为压杆的端面载荷,模拟条件尽量符合试验条件,确保模拟精度.将数值模拟与试验结果相结合,研究了混凝土HJC模型参数的确定方法,得到了C60混凝土的相关计算参数,模拟结果得到的应力-应变曲线与不同应变率下混凝土SHPB试验应力-应变曲线吻合较好.分析了HJC模型的本构特性,比较了与金属JC模型的差异与共性,讨论了HJC模型存在的问题.研究结果表明,未考虑混凝土弹性响应的应变率效应,横向效应的影响与采用的失效方式密切相关.     

花岗岩Kong-Fang流体弹塑性损伤材料模型参数研究

岩石类材料的动态力学模型的建立及相应模型参数的确定,对岩石动态力学性能研究及相关仿真计算具有重要意义。以山东五莲地区花岗岩为例,基于Kong-Fang流体弹塑性损伤材料模型（KF模型）,通过准静态单轴压缩、劈裂、常规三轴实验及动态分离式霍普金森杆压缩（split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB）实验对模型中的强度参数进行了确定,并利用基于分离式霍普金森杆的巴西圆盘（split Hopkinson pressure bar-Brazilian disk,SHPB-BD）实验对应变率相关参数的有效性进行了验证;同时,根据平板撞击实验结果对模型中的状态方程参数进行了拟合。利用实验获得的材料参数值,采用KF模型对花岗岩侵彻实验进行数值模拟,计算得到的弹体侵彻深度及成坑尺寸与实际实验结果误差均小于15%,验证了材料模型及参数值的适用性。     

混凝土SHPB试验数值模拟研究

基于混凝土HJC动态本构模型,分析了该模型方程及参数获得方法,以混凝土材料的基本力学参数确定了HJC模型中各参数值,并运用LS-DYNA软件完成混凝土SHPB试验的三维数值模拟.对比分析数值模拟结果重构所得试样的应力应变曲线与实际试验结果的相似性,研究表明,数值模拟结果可再现试验中混凝土的动态力学行为与破坏特征,而且,数值模拟可很好的反映应力波在波导杆与试件中传播过程,符合一维弹性波理论规律.     

混凝土爆破损伤的SPH-FEM耦合法数值模拟

为了提高计算效率以及更好展现爆炸荷载下混凝土破坏过程，采用SPH-FEM耦合法对混凝土爆破成坑进行模拟。首先结合前人给出的C30混凝土Holmquist-Johnson-Cook（HJC）部分本构参数，通过理论推导等方法确定出剩余的参数；然后代入模型中计算，将数值解与实测数据进行对比；最后以峰值压力和峰值加速度作为考察对象，对HJC模型中21个参数敏感性进行分析。结果表明:SPH-FEM耦合法能直观地模拟爆炸荷载作用下爆坑的发展全过程，且能够较好地处理SPH边界问题；基于所给出的C30混凝土HJC本构参数，采用SPH-FEM耦合法对混凝土爆破破坏进行模拟，计算结果与实测数据吻合度高，表明HJC本构参数的确定具有合理性。此外，还发现HJC本构参数对爆破问题结果的敏感度各不相同，指出对峰值压力和峰值加速度均有较大影响的参数在确定的时候需引起足够的重视。     

用HJC本构模型模拟混凝土SHPB实验

运用Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC) 本构模型对混凝土的SHPB实验进行了数值模拟。解决了罚函数算法中罚因子合理数值的选取问题。利用模拟结果按SHPB两波法重构了试样的应力应变曲线。分析了混凝土材料的SHPB实验得到应力应变曲线的有效段范围和各段的力学规律。通过比较实际混凝土材料SHPB实验和数值模拟得到的应力应变曲线，发现两者体现的力学行为很相似，即HJC模型是描述该类材料的一种合理本构模型。模拟了试样不同平行度公差下的SHPB实验，发现在一定应变率范围内其影响程度远大于试样应力(应变)不均匀性。     

高应变率载荷作用下P110S管材力学性能实验研究

油管在生产服役过程中常承受射孔冲击、流体诱发振动等动载作用,引起管柱塑性弯曲、断裂等事故。为了量化动载系数和动载作用下管材屈服极限提高幅度,获得以Johnson-Cook为代表的材料动态本构模型关键参数,提高动载作用下管柱强度安全分析精度,以油田常用P110S管材为例,进行静载下的轴向拉伸实验和高应变率冲击下的力学性能实验。结果表明,静载下P110S管材屈服极限775MPa,比标称值758MPa高出2.2%;强度极限835 MPa,强屈比1.08。应变率500s~(-1)动载作用下,管材的屈服极限比静态实测值提高了15.5%;应变率1000s~(-1)动载作用下,管材的屈服极限比静态实测值提高了41.4%。应变率为500s~(-1)的P110S管材动载实验对应流体诱发引起的管柱振动,其强度降低4.5%;应变率为1000s~(-1)的P110S管材动载实验对应射孔冲击引起的管柱振动,其强度降低8.6%。本文通过实验确定了管材Johnson-Cook动态本构模型的关键参数,可为动载作用下的精确有限元仿真分析提供依据。     

Cosserat连续体模型中本构参数对应变局部化模拟结果影响的数值分析

基于所发展的压力相关弹塑性Cosserat连续体模型及相应的数值方法,以一维剪切层及二维平板压缩问题为例,数值分析了Cosserat连续体模型中的本构参数Cosserat剪模、软化模量及内部长度参数对应变局部化数值模拟结果的影响.结果表明在一定取值范围内,Cosserat剪模对数值模拟结果几乎没有影响,并给出了具体数值计算时的取值范围;软化模量绝对值越大,后破坏段的荷载-位移曲线越陡,计算得到的剪切带宽度越窄;内部长度参数越大,后破坏段的荷载-位移曲线越平缓,计算得到的剪切带越宽.     

PFC2D平节理模型细观参数标定方法

细观参数的快速准确确定对PFC正确模拟岩石力学性能非常重要.目前,平节理模型细观参数的标定研究均未考虑对泊松比和压拉比有很大影响的黏结比例φb和影响岩石强度及裂纹产生难易程度的黏结强度变异系数Rsd这两个细观参数,且未考虑作为判断围岩损伤范围重要指标的宏观参数起裂强度σci在参数中新增φb,Rsd和σci,采用正交数值试验方法研究了平节理模型8个细观参数与岩石6个宏观参数之间的相关性,确定了各宏观参数与主要细观参数之间的拟合关系,并分析了宏细观参数间的趋势关系.在此基础上,提出了平节理模型细观参数的标定流程,然后根据片麻花岗岩物理试验的宏观力学参数确定了模型的细观参数并进行数值试验,模拟结果与物理试验结果基本吻合,说明标定流程可行.     

冲击下混凝土试样应变率效应和惯性效应探讨

结合混凝土试件的真三轴静载冲击实验结果,分别运用考虑应变率效应的Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC)模型和考虑静水压效应的Drucker-Prager (DP)模型进行数值分析,以探讨研究混凝土试样应变率效应和惯性效应的方法。在探究混凝土的应变率效应和横向惯性效应的关系时,使用HJC模型的数值模拟结果来拟合DP准则的各个参数。结果表明:随着应变率的升高,混凝土的强度会提高,并且这种强度的提高,也有一部分原因是第一应力不变量I₁的增大所导致的。因此,混凝土试件的应变率效应和横向惯性约束具有较强的耦合作用。理论和数值分析了冲击下试样内部的横向应力分布特征与应变率、静水压和试样尺寸的关系,结果发现:试样内部横向应力的幅值随着应变率、静水压的升高而增大,但随着试样尺寸的增大而减小。为了探讨横向惯性带来的强度提升效果,提出了一个有关冲击方向最大应力σ_x和等效应力σ_e的参数ξ,且ξ=(σ_x?σ_e)/σ_x。此参数具有尺寸效应、应变率效应和静水压效应,但是此参数与应力三轴度的关系表现出应变率无关特性,可为应变率效应的研究提供新的思路。     

超高性能混凝土HJC本构模型参数确定及应用

在超高性能混凝土的数值模拟中，合理地确定其本构模型参数是提高计算精度和设计可靠度的基础。基于超高性能混凝土单轴压缩试验、霍普金森压杆试验和已有的三轴围压试验等，确定了超高性能混凝土的Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC)本构模型参数。利用LS_DYNA软件模拟单向板爆炸试验，通过与试验中单向板的损伤程度和最大挠度进行对比，验证了已确定参数的有效性。为了进一步了解超高性能混凝土构件的抗爆机理，采用已确定的参数对单向板爆炸工况进行数值模拟，分析配筋和尺寸变化对爆炸结果的影响。结果表明，在爆炸过程中，提高纵筋配筋率可以减小单向板的跨中最大挠度，适当加密箍筋可以减小单向板侧面的斜裂缝长度。超高性能混凝土单向板具有明显的尺寸效应，其中厚度和长度变化对爆炸结果的影响最突出。     

Supersonic Flow Past a Thermal Source

The results of an experimental investigation and numerical simulation of a gasdynamic structure formed as a result of supersonic flow past a pulsating thermal source are presented. Heat was supplied to the flow by producing a limited plasma volume as a result of the breakdown of the focused radiation of a CO₂ laser operating in the pulse periodic regime. On the basis of the experimental data obtained, a thermal source model was developed and accepted for further numerical calculations. The calculations were carried out within the framework of the inviscid gas model using the TVD scheme and nonreflecting boundary conditions. The effect of the relevant gasdynamic and energetic parameters on the flow pattern associated with the studied phenomenon is established. Data on the flow parameter distributions in the wake of the thermal source are obtained as a function of the freestream Mach number.     

Generalized flow analysis of non-Newtonian visco-elastic fluid flow through fractal reservoir

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Validation of a novel very large eddy simulation method for simulation of turbulent separated flow

The paper describes the validation of a newly developed very LES (VLES) method for the simulation of turbulent separated flow. The new VLES method is a unified simulation approach that can change seamlessly from Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes to DNS depending on the numerical resolution. Four complex test cases are selected to validate the performance of the new method, that is, the flow past a square cylinder at Re = 3000 confined in a channel (with a blockage ratio of 20%), the turbulent flow over a circular cylinder at Re = 3900 as well as Re = 140,000, and a turbulent backward‐facing step flow with a thick incoming boundary layer at Re = 40,000. The simulation results are compared with available experimental, LES, and detached eddy simulation‐type results. The new VLES model performs well overall, and the predictions are satisfactory compared with previous experimental and numerical results. It is observed that the new VLES method is quite efficient for the turbulent flow simulations; that is, good predictions can be obtained using a quite coarse mesh compared with the previous LES method. Discussions of the implementation of the present VLES modeling are also conducted on the basis of the simulations of turbulent channel flow up to high Reynolds number of Re_τ = 4000. The efficiency of the present VLES modeling is also observed in the channel flow simulation. From a practical point of view, this new method has considerable potential for more complex turbulent flow simulations at relative high Reynolds numbers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An efficient very large eddy simulation model for simulation of turbulent flow

Among the various hybrid methodologies, Speziale's very large eddy simulation (VLES) is one that was proposed very early. It is a unified simulation approach that can change seamlessly from Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) to direct numerical simulation (DNS) depending on the numerical resolution. The present study proposes a new improved variant of the original VLES model. The advantages are achieved in two ways: (i) RANS simulation can be recovered near the wall which is similar to the detached eddy simulation concept; (ii) a LES subgrid scale model can be reached by the introduction of a third length scale, that is, the integral turbulence length scale. Thus, the new model can provide a proper LES mode between the RANS and DNS limits. This new methodology is implemented in the standard k ? ? model. Applications are conducted for the turbulent channel flow at Reynolds number of Re_τ = 395, periodic hill flow at Re = 10,595, and turbulent flow past a square cylinder at Re = 22,000. In comparison with the available experimental data, DNS or LES, the new VLES model produces better predictions than the original VLES model. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the new method is quite efficient in resolving the large flow structures and can give satisfactory predictions on a coarse mesh. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Measurement of effective blast energy for direct initiation of spherical gaseous detonations from high-voltage spark discharge

In this study, effective energy from spark discharge for direct blast initiation of spherical gaseous detonations is investigated. In the experiment, direct initiation of detonation is achieved via a spark discharge from a high-voltage and low-inductance capacitor bank and the spark energy is estimated from the analysis of the current output. To determine the blast wave energy from the powerful spark, the time-of-arrival of the blast wave in air is measured at different radii using a piezoelectric pressure transducer. Good agreement is found in the scaled blast trajectories, i.e., scaled time c _o·t/R _o where c _o is the ambient sound speed, as a function of blast radius R _s/R _o between the numerical simulation of a spherical blast wave from a point energy source and the experimental results where the explosion length scale R _o is computed using the equivalent spark energy from the first 1/4 current discharge cycle. Alternatively, by fitting the experimental trajectories data, the blast energy estimated from the numerical simulation appears also in good agreement with that obtained experimentally using the 1/4 cycle criterion. Using the 1/4 cycle of spark discharge for the effective energy, direct initiation experiments of spherical gaseous detonations are carried out to determine the critical initiation energy in C₂H₂–2.5O₂ mixtures with 70 and 0% argon dilution. The experimental results obtained from the 1/4 cycle of spark discharge agree well with the prediction from two initiation models, namely, the Lee’s surface energy model and a simplified work done model. The main source of discrepancy in the comparison can be explained by the uncertainty of cell size measurement which is needed for both the semi-empirical models.