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1.
一种新的底摩擦系数处理方法是假定底摩擦系数具有空间分布特征,即在海区中选取一些点作为独立底摩擦系数,计算区域中任意点的底摩擦系数都可由这些独立底摩擦系数通过线性插值得到。采用伴随同化方法对空间分布底摩擦系数的研究表明,与传统的底摩擦系数处理方法相比,空间分布的底摩擦系数模拟精度更高。探讨了根据地形的空间分布特征选取独立底摩擦系数的做法,所做的孪生实验和实际实验均表明,与均匀选取的结果相比,在独立变量个数减少三分之一的情况下,数值模拟的精度反而得以提高。得到的渤、黄、东海底摩擦系数分布表明,东海等深水区及地形复杂的区域底摩擦系数比较大。  相似文献   

2.
基于伴随同化方法对二维潮波模式底摩擦效应的线性与非线性参数化方案进行了比较研究。采用拉格朗日乘子法推导了底摩擦效应两种参数化方案的伴随表达式,并借助孪生实验对所述方法的参数反演能力进行了验证.通过同化高度计资料和验潮站资料,分别使用线性和非线性参数化方案,以及常数底摩擦系数与空间分布底摩擦系数设置的两两组合,对模拟结果进行了比较和分析。经过同化,模拟结果与观测数据的差异均有了明显下降。结果表明,如果将底摩擦系数设置为全区常数,则非线性参数化方案的模拟结果远优于线性方案;然而,在空间分布设置下,两者模拟得到的水位场与潮流场仅有细微差别,并尝试从底摩擦引起的能量耗散角度对其原因进行了分析。  相似文献   

3.
黏弹性体接触界面由湿变干过程中,出现的摩擦系数高于干摩擦系数的状态,称为黏着态.最大摩擦系数为摩擦峰,摩擦峰相对于干摩擦系数的增长称为摩擦峰相对增长百分比(μ%).本文中利用原位观测摩擦试验台研究了氮化硅小球与PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane)接触界面在润湿转变过程中摩擦学行为,并分析了弹性模量及滑动速度对μ%的影响.结果表明:对于较软的PDMS,摩擦峰的削减甚至消失伴随有接触界面分离波的出现,黏弹性体的材料特性将影响甚至决定摩擦峰的出现;当PDMS较硬时,接触界面间残余水膜对黏着态摩擦峰的影响起主导作用.μ%与弹性模量的1.45次方成正比.随着滑动速度的增加,μ%逐渐降低.研究结果对于利用弹性模量以及滑动速度实现对黏弹性体摩擦峰的调控提供了理论指导.  相似文献   

4.
利用扫描电镜观察710 mm~2碳纤维复合芯导线(ACCC)过滑车试验后股线的磨损形貌,分析滑车底径对股线损伤的影响及股线损伤机制.同时,考虑股线间的接触与摩擦行为,建立导线全尺寸模型进行导线过滑车非线性动力学有限元分析.试验结果表明:导线过滑车后股线出现塑性变形与磨损,在股线表面初始磨损处以黏着磨损的形式扩展,且股线损伤随滑车底径的增大有所改善;数值分析表明:股线等效塑性应变与摩擦能量损耗开始于导线过滑车时的弯曲过程,且随滑车底径增大而减小,股线损伤的模拟结果与试验情况吻合.在此基础上,研究股线间摩擦系数对股线损伤影响,得到股线损伤随摩擦系数的减小而减小.研究初步认为滑车底径为30倍导线直径时股线损伤在可接受范围内.  相似文献   

5.
冲击加载条件下材料之间摩擦系数的确定   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
尝试利用自制分离式霍普金森压剪装置对聚氨酯泡沫塑料、硅橡胶和MDF水泥材料与铝合金在冲击加载条件下的摩擦系数进行测试.结果表明:在冲击加载条件下,聚氨酯泡沫塑料、硅橡胶和MDF水泥与铝杆之间的摩擦系数与材料的性质关系不大,其摩擦系数测试结果存在一定的分散性,摩擦曲线出现抖动,且与加载条件有关,摩擦系数比通常意义下所得到的摩擦系数小;不同加载条件对所测试材料与铝压杆之间的摩擦系数数值影响不大,只是曲线的走势稍有不同.在冲击加载条件下硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料与铝杆之间的静摩擦系数为0.29,动摩擦系数为0.25;硅橡胶与铝杆之间的静摩擦系数为0.285,动摩擦系数为0.24;MDF水泥与铝合金杆之间的静摩擦系数为0.28~0.29,动摩擦系数约0.23.  相似文献   

6.
用正交旋转试验设计,建立了一种比多元线性回归设计更简明的水基高分子润滑剂摩擦系数的数学模型.通过摩擦系数的响应曲面分析,可以确定润滑剂配方中各组分用量变化的优化水平,用图示法分析各组分间的交互作用和它们对润滑剂质量指标的影响.此外,利用响应曲面分析法还可为研究多组分复配润滑剂的润滑性能提供数理依据  相似文献   

7.
研究了热、固耦合场结构拓扑优化设计中的几个关键问题,建立了热、固两相耦合场问题的控制方程,建立了热、固耦合场结构的拓扑优化模型,用伴随矩阵方法研究了耦合场的敏度分析技术,研究了耦合场拓扑优化中的优化求解数值算法,通过数值算例验证了理论和算法的有效性.  相似文献   

8.
表面粗糙度对UHMWPE微动摩擦磨损性能的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用SRV-4微动摩擦磨损试验机,研究了在干摩擦和水润滑条件下,表面粗糙度对UHMWPE微动摩擦磨损性能的影响.结果表明:干摩擦时,随着UHMWPE表面粗糙度的增加,摩擦系数先降低后升高,比磨损率则单调递增.利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对磨损表面形貌进行分析观测,发现干摩擦时表面粗糙度较小的UHMWPE磨损表面有少量犁沟,并伴随轻微的塑性变形,随着表面粗糙度的增加,摩擦副接触表面间的黏合点增多,黏着磨损加剧,且在对偶钢球的表面形成转移膜.而在水润滑条件下,摩擦系数和比磨损率显著降低,随着表面粗糙度的增加,摩擦系数和比磨损率同干摩擦时的变化趋势一致,磨损以磨粒磨损为主.  相似文献   

9.
摩擦系数模型取更具普适性的Stribeck非线性模型,基于事件驱动理论,利用C与Matlab联合仿真的方法开发了干摩擦颤振问题的快速求解程序。给出改进的胞映射算法,对含非线性摩擦的单自由度摩擦颤振系统的演化过程及其全局性态进行数值分析和研究,得到系统在任意的初始状态下的响应特性、系统收敛域的数值计算分析结果。分析结果表...  相似文献   

10.
考察了钛酸钾晶须对石墨-硼酸系固体润滑膜摩擦磨损性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了不同温度下润滑膜试样磨损表面形貌.结果表明:石墨-硼酸及石墨-硼酸-钛酸钾晶须固体润滑膜在室温下同不锈钢配副的摩擦系数约为0.08,耐磨寿命(滑动摩擦行程)保持在15000m以上;在300℃下的初始摩擦系数变化不大,在500℃下摩擦系数变化较大;但在摩擦初期2种固体润滑膜的摩擦系数无明显差别;随着摩擦过程的进行,不含钛酸钾晶须的润滑膜试样的摩擦系数在短时间内迅速增大,而含钛酸钾晶须试样的耐磨寿命比不含钛酸钾晶须试样的高2倍.这是由于钛酸钾晶须增强了固体润滑膜的强度及其在底材表面和附着力所致。  相似文献   

11.
The parameters of a three‐dimensional (3‐D) barotropic tidal model are estimated using the adjoint method. The mode splitting technique is employed in both forward and adjoint models. In the external mode, the alternating direction implicit method is used to discretize the two‐dimensional depth‐averaged equations and a semi‐implicit scheme is used for the 3‐D internal mode computations. In this model the bottom friction is expressed in terms of bottom velocity which is different from the previous works. Besides, the bottom friction coefficients (BFCs) are supposed to be spatially varying, i.e. the BFC at some grid points are selected as the independent BFC, while the BFC at the other grid points can be obtained through linear interpolation with these independent BFCs. On the basis of the simulation of M2 tide in the Bohai and North Yellow Seas (BNYS), twin experiments are carried out to invert the prescribed distributions of model parameters. The parameters inverted are the Fourier coefficients of open boundary conditions (OBCs), the BFC and the vertical eddy viscosity profiles. In these twin experiments, the real topography of BNYS is installed. The ‘observations’ are produced by the tidal model and recorded at the position of TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data, tidal gauge data and current data. The experiments discuss the influence of initial guesses, model errors and data number. The inversion has obtained satisfactory results and the prescribed distributions have been successfully inverted. The results indicate that the inversion of BFC is more sensitive to data error than that of OBC and the vertical eddy viscosity profiles. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

12.
STUDY ON THE ADJOINT METHOD IN DATA ASSIMILATION AND THE RELATED PROBLEMS   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
IntroductionInthepast 40yearsofdevelopmentofnumericalanalysisandassimilationschemes,mostpresentedschemesbelongtooneofthreebasicallydifferentclassesofalgorithms :localpolynomialinterpolationmethods,statistical (optimal)interpolationmethodsandvariationalnumericalanalysismethods.Theadjointmethodinvariationalnumericalanalysisiswidelyusedinmeteorologyandoceanography[1 ].Itisusedtosolvemanyvariouspracticalproblems,includingoptimizationofparameters,initialconditionsandboundaryconditionsinthemodel.Tal…  相似文献   

13.
It is shown that the parameters in a two-dimensional (depth-averaged) numerical tidal model can be estimated accurately by assimilation of data from tide gauges. The tidal model considered is a semi-linearized one in which kinematical non-linearities are neglected but non-linear bottom friction is included. The parameters to be estimated (bottom friction coefficient and water depth) are assumed to be position-dependent and are approximated by piecewise linear interpolations between certain nodal values. The numerical scheme consists of a two-level leapfrog method. The adjoint scheme is constructed on the assumption that a certain norm of the difference between computed and observed elevations at the tide gauges should be minimized. It is shown that a satisfactory numerical minimization can be completed using either the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) quasi-Newton algorithm or Nash's truncated Newton algorithm. On the basis of a number of test problems, it is shown that very effective estimation of the nodal values of the parameters can be achieved provided the number of data stations is sufficiently large in relation to the number of nodes.  相似文献   

14.
力链对颗粒物质的宏观与微观力学性质起着决定性的作用。在离散元法的基础上,建立二维规则排列的颗粒物质系统,分别研究无缺陷颗粒系统在集中载荷变化与有缺陷颗粒系统在缺陷区域改变时,粒间摩擦系数对颗粒系统底部接触力分布规律的影响。结果表明:在无缺陷颗粒系统中,颗粒系统底部接触力的分布形式受摩擦系数和集中载荷的大小影响。随摩擦系数的增大,底部接触力由双峰形式经平台过渡,逐渐向单峰形式转变。在有缺陷颗粒系统中,摩擦系数和缺陷尺寸对底部接触力分布均有影响。同种载荷作用下,随缺陷尺寸的增大,底部接触力峰值显著增大;底部平均力被明显削弱,力向边界的传递增强。系统中轴线上缺陷的存在使底部中间区域受力削弱,当缺陷尺寸超过2 层以上时,底部中间力随摩擦系数的变化特征由递增曲线演变为线形衰减曲线。  相似文献   

15.
为了解决直齿面齿轮滑动摩擦啮合效率的问题,基于弹性流体动力润滑理论,提出了一种计算直齿面齿轮啮合效率的方法.首先,运用轮齿接触分析(TCA)和轮齿承载接触分析技术(LTCA)对直齿面齿轮承载啮合过程进行数值仿真;其次,运用非牛顿准稳态热弹流理论建立滑动摩擦系数的计算模型,从而建立直齿面齿轮啮合效率的计算模型,最后分析了输入扭矩、转速等对啮合效率的影响.结果表明:滑动摩擦系数是影响齿轮啮合效率的重要因素;齿面不同位置滑动摩擦系数也不相同;滑动摩擦系数受输入转速、输入扭矩的影响.该方法为直齿面齿轮的进一步优化计算提供一定的理论依据.  相似文献   

16.
A three‐dimensional internal tidal model involving the adjoint method is constructed based on the nonlinear, time‐dependent, free‐surface hydrodynamic equations in spherical coordinates horizontally, and isopycnic coordinates vertically, subject to the hydrostatic approximations. This model consists of two submodels: the forward model is used for the simulation of internal tides, while the adjoint model is used for optimization of modal parameters. Mode splitting technique is employed in both forward and adjoint models. In this model, the adjoint method is employed to estimate model parameters by assimilating the interior observations. As a preliminary feasibility study, a set of ideal experiments with the model‐generated pseudo‐observations of surface currents are performed to invert the open boundary conditions (OBCs). In the ideal experiments, 14 kinds of bottom topographies and six kinds of predetermined distributions of OBCs are considered to examine their influence on experiment results. The inversion obtained satisfying results and all the predetermined distributions were successfully inverted. Analysis of results suggests the following: in the case where the spatial variation of the OBC distribution is great or the open boundary is close to a rough topography, the results will be comparatively poor, but still satisfactory; both the tidal elevations and currents can be simulated very accurately with the surface currents at several observation points; the assimilation precision could be reliable and able to reflect both of the inversion and simulation results in the whole field. The performance and results of ideal experiments give a preliminary indication that the construction of this model is successful. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
基于H.Meng的动摩擦实验结果,建立了一个端面动摩擦模型,以描述端面动摩擦因数随SHPB 塑料试样与钢压杆接触界面间最大径向相对滑动速度的关系。在SHPB实验的数值模拟中,分别考虑了该 端面动摩擦模型和以往被广泛采用的常摩擦因数模型,结果发现,选取不同的端面摩擦模型不影响通过塑料 SHPB实验的数值模拟获得的转折应变率(量级为102s-1),然而当应变率超出转折应变率以上时,不同的端 面摩擦模型会对塑料SHPB实验的数值模拟结果产生显著影响,使用提出的端面动摩擦模型可得到更准确 的塑料SHPB实验的数值模拟结果。  相似文献   

18.
An accurate finite‐volume Eulerian Lagrangian localized adjoint method (ELLAM) is presented for solving the one‐dimensional variable coefficients advection dispersion equation that governs transport of solute in porous medium. The method uses a moving grid to define the solution and test functions. Consequently, the need for spatial interpolation, or equivalently numerical integration, which is a major issue in conventional ELLAM formulations, is avoided. After reviewing the one‐dimensional method of ELLAM, we present our strategy and detailed calculations for both saturated and unsaturated porous medium. Numerical results for a constant‐coefficient problem and a variable‐coefficient problem are very close to analytical and fine‐grid solutions, respectively. The strength of the developed method is shown for a large range of CFL and grid Peclet numbers. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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