渗透固结试验装置的改进

针对传统固结仪不能进行渗透试验的不足,对固结仪进行了改装。改装后的固结仪不仅可以交叉进行固结、渗透试验,以研究不同荷载作用下土样的渗透特性,而且可以通过三通阀控制排水条件,进行双面排水固结试验,或在单面排水条件下量测固结过程中试样不排水面处的孔隙水压力,也可通过串联固结仪分别研究试样不同截面处孔隙水压力的消散规律。新仪器具有构造简单,密封性能好的特点。通过与常规固结、渗透试验的结果对比,验证了采用改装固结仪测定固结模型参数的可靠性。另外,通过单面排水固结试验发现了孔压滞后现象。     

超固结土的一维固结计算参数及其测定

基于超固结饱和土固结理论,针对变荷载、自重应力分布等条件下提出了相应的一维超固结土问题的控制方程,总结出六个超固结土的一维线性固结计算参数.鉴于国内通用的固结渗透试验设备的种种弊端,提出利用GDS高级固结仪对萧山黏土进行一维固结和渗透联合试验,根据对试验数据的整理分析,确定了基于GDS高级固结仪系统的超固结土的一维固结计算参数,为验证超固结土理论奠定基础.     

超固结土的一维固结理论及其试验研究

基于超固结饱和土固结理论,针对变荷载、自重应力分布等条件下提出3了相应的一维超固结土问题的控制方程,总结出六个超固结土的一维线性固结计算参数.并采用半解析法编制了求解该问题的Fortran计算程序.利用GDS高级固结仪对萧山黏土进行超固结土的一维固结渗透联合试验以及一维固结压缩试验,将测定的一维超固结土计算参数引入理论程序中,分别对比了位移、平均固结度、底部孔压这三者随时间变化的理论和试验曲线.结果表明:超固结土的一维线性固结理论比正常固结土的一维线性固结理论更接近试验结果,验证了超固结土的固结理论,表明了考虑土体应力历史对固结计算的重要性.     

Plane strain consolidation of a multi-layered soil with anisotrpic permeability and compressible constituents

对多层地基的平面应变固结问题进行了研究,并同时考虑了土体的渗透各向异性和孔隙 流体的可压缩性. 从平面应变Biot固结的控制方程出发,对时间t, 坐标z和x进行 Laplace和Fourier变换,建立了地基表面(z=0)和任意深度z处的基本量 在Laplace-Fourier变换域内的传递矩阵关系. 利用传递矩阵 法,结合土层连续条件和边界条件,并应用Laplace-Fourier逆变换技术,推导出渗透各向 异性可压缩多层地基平面应变固结的理论解. 基于该解,编制了计算程序,并进行了 数值计算. 讨论了土体的渗透各向异性、孔隙流体的可压缩性以及地基的分层特性对地基固 结的影响,分析结果表明：土体的渗透各向异性、孔隙流体的可压缩性,以及地基的分层特 性对地基的固结行为有着重要的影响.     

渗透各向异性可压缩地基固结的平面应变分析

对多层地基的平面应变固结问题进行了研究,并同时考虑了土体的渗透各向异性和孔隙流体的可压缩性.从平而应变Biot固结的控制方程出发,对时间t,坐标z和x进行Laplace和Fourier变换,建立了地基表面(z=O)和任意深度z处的基本量在Laplauce-Fourier变换域内的传递矩阵关系.利用传递矩阵法,结合土层连续条件和边界条件,并应用Laplace-Fourier逆变换技术,推导出渗透各向异性可压缩多层地基平面应变固结的理论解.基于该解,编制了计算程序,并进行了数值计算.讨论了土体的渗透各向异性、孔隙流体的可压缩性以及地基的分层特性对地基同结的影响,分析结果表明:土体的渗透各向异性、孔隙流体的可压缩性,以及地基的分层特性对地基的固结行为有着重要的影响.     

解析法求解成层渗透各向异性地基Biot固结轴对称问题

采用解析法研究成层渗透各向异性地基,该法从渗透各向异性Ｂｉｏｔ固结轴对称问题的基本方程（静力平衡方程,物理方程及渗透连续方程）出发,利用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ～Ｈａｎｋｅｌ变换及有关矩阵理论等,得到Ｂｉｏｔ固结基本量不同深度之间的传递矩阵。利用传递矩阵,边界条件以及Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ～Ｈａｎｋａｌ逆变换技术可求解多层渗透各向异性地基体系,采用更为有效的Ｆ．Ｄｕｒｂｉｎ的方法实现Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ逆变换。编制了计算     

离心模型试验在粉喷桩处理软土地基沉降中的研究

离心模型中的固结时间是原型的固结时间缩短至1/N2,能够在较短的时间内模拟软土地基的长期沉降.采用离心模型试验方法,模拟软土地基在粉喷桩处理后的渗透固结性状。通过对地基施工期阶段及工后的沉降进行分析,证实了用粉喷桩进行处理地基是可行的。     

天津海积软土结合水固结分析

当前近代海积软土工程沉降分析仍以传统的太沙基单向渗透固结理论为基础。而海积软土有其特殊工程地质性质 ,如 :高孔隙比、高含水量、高压缩性、低渗透性 ,计算结果很难与实际情况相符合。本文从微观角度入手 ,根据压汞和SEM资料分析影响软土固结的本质因素 ;最后借助单向压缩实验 ,对比理论固结曲线与试验压缩曲线 ,分析产生偏差的原因 ,阐述了海积软土固结机制 ,提出结合水固结新概念。     

循环荷载作用下考虑Hansbo渗流的饱和黏土固结分析

针对传统一维Terzaghi固结理论的局限性,本文引入了考虑时间效应的UH (unified hardening)本构模型,将Hansbo渗流模型耦合到UH本构模型固结方程中,建立了几种典型循环荷载作用下基于UH模型和考虑Hansbo渗流模型的固结方程。采用FlexPDE软件进行了数值分析,将计算结果与已有文献结果对比,验证了该算法的可靠性。在此基础上,研究了饱和黏土在几种典型循环荷载作用下的渗流固结特性,分析了各模型参数对饱和黏土固结特性的影响。结果表明:在循环荷载作用下,地基的平均固结度、沉降量等始终处于循环状态;Hansbo渗流模型参数对平均固结度的影响相对于Darcy渗流参数影响程度较大,其中UH模型中次固结系数对固结过程影响程度较大。另外,Hansbo渗流参数及土的回弹指数和渗透指数等对固结过程的影响主要体现在中期,固结过程后期将处于稳定循环状态。     

鲁西南地区红层软岩水岩作用特征与工程应用

鲁西南各断块盆地中广泛分布有侏罗、第三系的紫红色、杂色砂砾岩,岩石呈固结半固结状态,遇水后发生渗透、膨胀、崩解和软化等失稳现象,对煤矿建井及煤矿开采带来重大威胁。本文采用X衍射仪、扫描电镜、压汞仪及液压伺服机等手段进行了红层软岩的物质组成、微孔结构及渗透性的试验研究,探讨了红层软岩的渗透机理及遇水失稳机理,并结合实例进行了工程应用分析。     

The parametric variational principle for elastoplasticity

A parametric variational principle, the parametric minimum potential energy principle (abbreviated to PMPEP), is presented for the elastoplastic problems. The principle proposed is free from the restraint of Drucker's postulate and consequently suitable for solving the nonassociated plastic flow problems in rock, soil, concrete and other geomaterials.     

The parametric variational principle for Perzyna model in viscoplasticity

This paper presents the parametric variational principle for Perzyna model which isone of the main constitutive relations of viscoplasticity.The principle,by which the potentialenergy function is minimized under a constrained condition transformed by the constitutiverelations of viscoplasticity,is free from the bound of Drucker’s postulate of plastic flow andconsequently suitable for solving the nonassociated plastic flow problems.Furthermore,the paper has proven the presented principle and discussed the creep problem.     

弹塑性岩土介质中渗透固结问题的参数二次规划法

岩土类介质在承受荷载时,不仅产生弹塑性变形,还伴随着渗流和固结,是一个关于时间的动态过程。本文建立起处理该问题的参变量变分原理以及相应的有限元方法,这样将原问题化为求解带约束条件(本构状态方程)的二次规划问题.文中讨论了单元的选取形式及具体的实施过程,还给出了一个实例.     

On parametric minimum complementary energy variational principle in soil mechanics

The parametric minimum complementary energy variational principle is given in this paper. To the problems of nonassociative flow rule in the theory of plasticity, the Drucker postulation can no longer be applied and the classical variational principles fail, the parametric variation principles can play the role instead. The parametric variational principle can be used for the finite element solution with sequential quadratic programming method to soil mechanics problems.     

Dissipative flow model based on dissipative surface and irreversible thermodynamics

Summary A dissipative flow model is presented to describe dissipative deformation processes in a macroscopic solid continuum. Dissipative process may consist of material plasticity, material damage and other intrinsic mechanical phenomena represented by internal variables. The concept of a dissipative surface is introduced in the paper to distinguish between conservative and dissipative processes. Conventional plastic yielding and damage initiation are expressed by a unique condition which may else include other possible intrinsic mechanical dissipations. The proposed model is based on the principles of irreversible thermodynamics and the minimum free energy theorem. A modified material stability postulate, modified Drucker's postulate, in thermodynamic stress space is also used to obtain the same results. Received 1 July 1998; accepted for publication 13 January 1999     

Observations on certain inequality conditions in plasticity

In this paper it is shown that the thermodynamic reference stress s^o_KL which is associated with the state of plastic strain must always be within or on the yield surface. A restriction is therefore imposed on the functions representing the yield surface, the free energy, and strain hardening. An example is given in which s^o_KL ultimately moves outside the yield surface provided that these functions are not selected properly. The paper also includes a discussion of Drucker's postulate of stability in the small and whether or not this postulate is essential for the theory of plasticity.     

Quasistatic Evolution in Perfect Plasticity for General Heterogeneous Materials

Inspired by some recent developments in the theory of small-strain heterogeneous elastoplasticity, we both revisit and generalize the formulation of the quasistatic evolutionary problem in perfect plasticity given by Francfort and Giacomini (Commun Pure Appl Math, 65:1185–1241, 2012). We show that their definition of the plastic dissipation measure is equivalent to an abstract one, where it is defined as the supremum of the dualities between the deviatoric parts of admissible stress fields and the plastic strains. By means of this abstract definition, a viscoplastic approximation and variational techniques from the theory of rate-independent processes give the existence of an evolution satisfying an energy-dissipation balance and consequently Hill’s maximum plastic work principle for an abstract and very large class of yield conditions.     

解Drucker-Prager塑性问题的二阶锥互补法

基于经典弹塑性理论中多数屈服准则具有凸锥数学结构的事实,将在大规模计算中更具潜力的锥规划法引入弹塑性分析。考虑到弹塑性流动理论有关联与非关联之分,本文提出利用锥型互补法求解弹塑性问题。具体以Drucker-Prager弹塑性模型为例,首先利用最大塑性功耗散原理和圆锥对偶理论等工具,建立了弹塑性本构方程的等价二阶锥互补模型;然后,基于参变量变分原理和有限元技术,建立了弹塑性增量分析的二阶锥线性互补模型;最后,利用一类半光滑Newton算法求解。数值算例表明了本文方法的有效性。     

Quasistatic Evolution Problems for Linearly Elastic–Perfectly Plastic Materials

The problem of quasistatic evolution in small strain associative elastoplasticity is studied in the framework of the variational theory for rate-independent processes. Existence of solutions is proved through the use of incremental variational problems in spaces of functions with bounded deformation. This approach provides a new approximation result for the solutions of the quasistatic evolution problem, which are shown to be absolutely continuous in time. Four equivalent formulations of the problem in rate form are derived. A strong formulation of the flow rule is obtained by introducing a precise definition of the stress on the singular set of the plastic strain.